Gender differences in the magnitude of the associations between eating disorders symptoms and depression and anxiety symptoms. Results from a community sample of adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 294-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Sidor ◽  
Catalin Ovidiu Baba ◽  
Emanuela Marton-Vasarhelyi ◽  
Razvan Mircea Chereches
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Eating Disorders Symptoms

scholarly journals A comparative network analysis of eating disorder psychopathology and co-occurring depression and anxiety symptoms before and after treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn E. Smith ◽  
Tyler B. Mason ◽  
Ross D. Crosby ◽  
Li Cao ◽  
Rachel C. Leonard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Network Strength ◽  
Eating Disorders Examination ◽  
Feeling Overwhelmed

AbstractBackgroundNetwork analysis is an emerging approach in the study of psychopathology, yet few applications have been seen in eating disorders (EDs). Furthermore, little research exists regarding changes in network strength after interventions. Therefore the present study examined the network structures of ED and co-occurring depression and anxiety symptoms before and after treatment for EDs.MethodParticipants from residential or partial hospital ED treatment programs (N = 446) completed assessments upon admission and discharge. Networks were estimated using regularized Graphical Gaussian Models using 38 items from the Eating Disorders Examination-Questionnaire, Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory.ResultsED symptoms with high centrality indices included a desire to lose weight, guilt about eating, shape overvaluation, and wanting an empty stomach, while restlessness, self-esteem, lack of energy, and feeling overwhelmed bridged ED to depression and anxiety symptoms. Comparisons between admission and discharge networks indicated the global network strength did not change significantly, though symptom severity decreased. Participants with denser networks at admission evidenced less change in ED symptomatology during treatment.ConclusionsFindings suggest that symptoms related to shape and weight concerns and guilt are central ED symptoms, while physical symptoms, self-esteem, and feeling overwhelmed are links that may underlie comorbidities in EDs. Results provided some support for the validity of network approaches, in that admission networks conveyed prognostic information. However, the lack of correspondence between symptom reduction and change in network strength indicates that future research is needed to examine network dynamics in the context of intervention and relapse prevention.

Cross-sectional examination of gender differences in depression and anxiety symptoms in patients with obstructive sleep apnea

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda L. Jackson ◽  
Sanjeevan Muruganandan ◽  
Thomas Churchward ◽  
Julie Tolson ◽  
Christopher Worsnop
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

scholarly journals Gender differences of depression and anxiety among social media users during the COVID-19 outbreak in China:a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengsu Hou ◽  
Fengying Bi ◽  
Rong Jiao ◽  
Dan Luo ◽  
Kangxing Song
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

Abstract Background Studies have shown that the outbreak of infectious diseases would result in mental health problems. Females are in greater risk for psychological problems than males. The present study investigated gender differences of depression and anxiety and explored associated factors during the COVID-19 epidemic among Chinese social media users. Methods We recruited 3088 participants through social media cross China. Participants completed sociodemographic and the COVID-19 epidemic related questions, the 2-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2), and the 2-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-2), the Chinese version of the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. We applied Chi-square test and ANOVA for data description and linear regression analysis for exploring factors associated with depression and anxiety. Results Of 3063 participants eligible for analysis, the total prevalence of depression and anxiety was 14.14 and 13.25%. Females were experiencing more severe stress and anxiety symptoms, while males showed better resilience to stress. The severity of depression symptoms would decrease with the increase of age resilience, and it would increase if being unemployed, feeling less adapted, being more stressed. The severity of anxiety symptoms would decrease with higher education and better resilience, and it would increase if being female, spending over 60 min on COVID-19 related information, less adapted, and being more stressed. Conclusion The findings show the increased prevalence of depression and anxiety in Chinese population during the COVID-19 epidemic, and females are experiencing more severe anxiety symptoms than males. As social media is the current main resource of information related to COVID-19, interventions should be implemented to help users to limit the time they spend on social media and to get key information related to the epidemic from authoritative and authentic resource to avoid infodemic and prevent mental health problems.

Gender differences in the effects of bereavement-related psychological distress in health outcomes

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. CHEN ◽  
A. J. BIERHALS ◽  
H. G. PRIGERSON ◽  
S. V. KASL ◽  
C. M. MAZURE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Traumatic Grief ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Background. This study examined whether traumatic grief, depressive and anxiety symptoms formed three distinct factors for widows and widowers. In addition, we examined whether high symptom levels of traumatic grief, depression and anxiety predicted different mental and physical health outcomes for widows and widowers.Method. Ninety-two future widows and 58 future widowers were interviewed at the time of their spouse's hospital admission and then at 6 weeks, 6, 13 and 25 month follow-ups. Principal axis factor analyses tested the distinctiveness of traumatic grief, depressive and anxiety symptoms, by gender. Repeated measures ANOVA tested for gender differences and changes over time in mean symptom levels of traumatic grief, depression and anxiety. Linear and logistic regression models estimated the effects of high symptom levels of traumatic grief, depression and anxiety at 6 months on health outcomes at 13 and 25 months post-intake by gender.Results. Three distinct symptom clusters (i.e. traumatic grief, depressive and anxiety symptoms) were found to emerge for both widows and widowers. Widows had higher mean levels of traumatic grief, depressive and anxiety symptoms. High symptom levels of traumatic grief measured at 6 months predicted a physical health event (e.g. cancer, heart attack) at 25 months post-intake for widows. High symptom levels of anxiety measured at 6 months predicted suicidal ideation at 25 months for widowers.Conclusions. The results suggest that there are gender differences in the levels of psychological symptoms resulting from bereavement and in their effects on subsequent mental and physical health for widows and widowers.

scholarly journals Depression and Anxiety Symptoms, Social Support, and Demographic Factors Among Kenyan High School Students

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom L Osborn ◽  
Katherine E. Venturo-Conerly ◽  
Akash Wasil ◽  
Jessica L. Schleider ◽  
John Weisz
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
School Students

Objectives: Depression and anxiety are leading causes of youth disability worldwide, yet our understanding of these conditions in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) youths is limited. Research has been sparse in SSA, and prevalence rates and correlates of these conditions remain scarcely investigated. To help address these gaps, this cross-sectional study assessed the prevalence of adolescent depression and anxiety symptoms in a community sample of high school students in Kenya. We also examined associations between those symptoms and psychosocial and sociodemographic factors. Methods: We administered self-report measures of depression and anxiety symptoms, social support, gratitude, growth mindsets, and life satisfaction to 658 students (51.37% female) aged 13 – 19.Results: Only the measures of depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screen-7), and social support (Multidimensional Scale for Perceived Social Support Scale) showed adequate internal consistency (Cronbach alpha > 0.70) in the study sample. Findings with these measures among Kenyan youths showed high levels of depression symptoms (45.90% above clinical cutoff) and anxiety symptoms (37.99% above clinical cutoff). Older adolescents reported higher depression and anxiety symptoms, as well as lower social support than younger adolescents. Females reported more anxiety than males, and members of minority tribes reported more anxiety than members of majority tribes.Conclusions: This study highlights the high prevalence of adolescent internalizing symptoms in Kenyan high school students, identifies important correlates of these symptoms, and illustrates the need for culturally appropriate assessment tools.

Self-Reported Emotional Reactivity, Depression, and Anxiety: Gender Differences among a Psychiatric Outpatient Sample

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-214
Author(s):  
Nathaniel A Dell ◽  
Kristina R Vidovic ◽  
Jin Huang ◽  
Michelle Pelham
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Emotional Response ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Rehabilitation Counselors ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The objective of this study was to identify the relationship of emotional reactivity with depression and anxiety symptoms among adults diagnosed with a serious mental illness (SMI) and to explore gender differences in these relationships. Cross-sectional data were collected from intensive case management services recipients (N = 150). Hierarchical multiple regression was used to identify the associations of self-reported positive emotions, fear, sadness, and anger to depression and anxiety, while testing the interaction of gender with emotional response. Compared with men, women reported significantly higher depressive and anxiety symptoms and greater reactivity to sadness and fear. Emotional response variables explained 35.5% of the variance in depression and 38.7% in anxiety. Gender did not moderate the relationship between emotional response and depression; however, gender did moderate the relationship between reactivity to positive emotions and anxiety. Self-reported emotional response may provide clinicians with insight into the severity and presentation of co-occurring anxiety and depressive symptoms among adults with SMI. Increasing the experience of positive emotions among women with SMI may contribute to reduced anxiety symptoms. Therapists and rehabilitation counselors may consider the interplay between mood and anxiety symptoms and emotional response styles to reduce the burden of psychiatric distress among people with SMI.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms II – German Version

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Anno Wester ◽  
Julian Rubel ◽  
Johannes Zimmermann ◽  
Mila Hall ◽  
Leonie Kaven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Self Report ◽  
German Version ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
German Speaking

The Expanded Version of the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms (IDAS-II) is a 99-item self-report measure containing 18 nonoverlapping dimensional scales assessing symptoms of depression, anxiety, and mania. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a German adaptation of the IDAS-II. Participants from a community sample (N = 1054) completed the IDAS-II (German version) and a series of additional measures of depression and anxiety disorders. Item-level confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) confirmed unidimensionality and indicated good internal consistency of most symptom scales. A CFA of the IDAS-II scales based on exploratory results by Watson et al (2012) confirmed a three factor model of Distress, Obsessions/Fear, and Positive Mood. Correlational analyses with additional symptom measures supported convergent and discriminant validity. The IDAS-II (German Version) allows for a reliable assessment of severity of depression, anxiety, and bipolar symptoms, and is one of the first clinical measures for German-speaking samples that is consistent with the Hierarchical Taxonomy Of Psychopathology (HiTOP).

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