Pre-University Education in Egypt at the Turn of the Second and Third Decades of the XXI Century

2021 ◽  
pp. 102-114
Author(s):  
Sergey Volkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Education Reform ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Preschool Education ◽  
University Education ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Technical Base ◽  
The Government ◽  
Weak Material

The author analyzes the system of pre-university education in Egypt, which the Constitution of 2014 undertakes to raise to the «international level». To this end, the government has been reforming it since 2017, which is partly financed by a loan from the World Bank. The main directions of the reform include improving preschool education, improving the qualifications of teachers, changing the system of assessing students’ knowledge and strengthening the technical base of schools and colleges. Despite the first successes of pre-university education reform, it is still expanding mainly extensively, without significantly improving the quality of education of Egyptian students. The reason for this lies in the significant lack of public investment, which the government is trying to compensate by attracting private business, both national and international, to this area. However, this leads to increased inequality in access to education. In addition, even taking into account private investments, the amount of funding for pre-university education is still far from the 4% of GDP provided for by the Constitution. The main problems of pre-university education continue to be the unsatisfactory average level of qualification of Egyptian teachers, mainly due to their low wages, a large number of pupils in classes, as well as the weak material and technical base of schools and colleges. There are also significant differences in the territorial development of pre-university education in Egypt, as well as between its various stages and directions. Egyptian business continues to experience a shortage of qualified graduates of the secondary vocational education system, despite certain successes achieved in its development in recent years.

Pakistan’s Education Reform Test

2021 ◽  
Vol 120 (825) ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
Faisal Bari
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
School Choice ◽  
Education Reform ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
National Curriculum ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
The Government ◽  
Provincial Autonomy

The Pakistani Constitution promises “free and compulsory” education for all, but 20 million children are not in school. Many who are enrolled receive poor-quality education: surveys show Pakistani students ranking among the lowest achievers in the world. This has led families in all but the lowest income groups to seek private alternatives for their children, weakening the constituency for improved public schools. Under Prime Minister Imran Khan, the government has pushed for a Single National Curriculum. Critics contend that it will not address lack of access or the poor quality of education, but that it could lead to restrictions on school choice, provincial autonomy, and linguistic diversity, while imposing a narrow vision of national identity.

Practices and solutions to improve profressional quality for preschool teachers in the organization of music education activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-144
Author(s):  
Trang Le Thu
Keyword(s):  
Music Education ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Education Reform ◽  
Preschool Teachers ◽  
Preschool Education ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Current Period ◽  
Education Innovation

Teachers are one of the most important factorsin determining the quality of education. In the context of education innovation in recent years improve profressional capacity, major of general teacher and preschool teachers in particular are increasingly interested. In the article, author mentions situation of music education activities program at kindergartens and suggests some solutions to improve quality of music education to foster profressional capacity building bring to preschool education high quality human resources, meeting the requirements of education reform in the current period.

scholarly journals Albanian Universities and e - Learning

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Luan Bekteshi
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Education Sector ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Mass Education ◽  
New Methods ◽  
The Social ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
E Learning ◽  
The Government

Today’s society is undergoing great transformations in every sector. One of the most important transformations of the social life is the making of technology and internet available to masses. The technology and internet have also visibly transformed the education sector. The society is facing continuous challenges related to the competition, globalisation and the demand from the job market for qualified employees. These challenges go by side by side with the transformation of the education sector, where a great deal is being invested on the use of ICT, mass education, and the introduction of new methods and tools of teaching. The use of ICT and e-Learning is an important challenge faced by Albanian universities in the mission to improve the quality of teaching, students’ results, and mass education, and achieve the necessary standards. Priorities like equal access to education and lifelong learning would be only slogans without the use of ICT and e-Learning. Polls and interviews were conducted for this study, to obtain a view of the use of e-Learning and the approach to e-Learning in Albanian universities, and also of the government and universities policies. Conclusions of this study are obtained by processing data from questionnaires filled by lecturers in some of the main Albanian universities.

scholarly journals INVOLVEMENT OF THE POPULATION IN SOLVING LOCAL ISSUES: HISTORIOGRAPHY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF THE ALTAI TERRITORY

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Nikita Vadimovich Boev ◽  
Alexander Yakovlevich Trotskovsky
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Participatory Budgeting ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Russian Version ◽  
Local Initiatives ◽  
Urban Problems ◽  
The Government ◽  
Latin American Countries

The article defines initiative budgeting — the Russian version of the participatory budgeting method widely known abroad, which appeared in the late 1980s in Porto Alegre (Brazil). The emergence of participatory budgeting was a response to the need for citizens and government representatives to work together in solving urban problems. The successful experience of Porto Alegre first began to be replicated in Brazil, and then in other Latin American countries. As a result, participatory budgeting began to spread around the world. In Russia, the most common practice of initiative budgeting was the program for supporting local initiatives, which was launched in the Stavropol territory, demonstrating the possibility of actually involving citizens in solving local issues and improving the quality of the dialogue between the government and the population, increasing citizens «satisfaction with local government procedures and trust in them. The paper presents the experience of participation of the Altai territory in the practice of initiative budgeting, which is considered by the authors in the context of modern concepts of regional research and formation of strategies for territorial development.

Research on the Balance of University Education Reform from the Perspective of Supply-side Reform

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 77-92
Author(s):  
Phunsapphaisan THANON ◽  
Zhihua XIA ◽  
Yuan XUN
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education Reform ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
Feasibility Studies ◽  
Educational Resources ◽  
University Education ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Education Resources ◽  
Higher Educational ◽  
The Government

In order to maximize the benefits of the national economy's macro-distribution and redistribution of educational resources, it is necessary to solve the problem of the optimal and reasonable allocation in the education system. Whether it takes the form of urban and rural education regional community, compulsory education school district system, teacher community, and so on, it must be based on the distribution of high-quality resources. Educational resources are limited, and new resources cannot be wasted due to reintegration. Therefore, the government must implement macro-control, seriously conduct investigations and feasibility studies, and adopt relatively reasonable allocations to achieve a relatively balanced target for limited educational resources. The balance of educational resources is not only the core of China's higher education development, but also the key to the good development of each university in China. This article analyzes and studies the balance of higher educational resources in China from the perspective of supply side, from the extension of supply side reform in higher education, the analysis of the balance of higher educational resources, and the optimization of balance of higher education resources. Making in-depth research, this paper points out the problems in the balance reform of higher education resources in China from the supply side, and reasonably put forward the relevant approaches of equity in Education.

Governance and Territorial Development in Ecuador: The Plan Nacional del Buen Vivir in Zaruma, Piñas and Portovelo

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSÉ PRADA-TRIGO
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
Local Administration ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
National Plan ◽  
Buen Vivir ◽  
Real Change ◽  
Good Living ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis article analyses the impact at a local level of the changes that have been introduced within the framework of the Plan Nacional del Buen Vivir (National Plan for Good Living, PNBV) in Ecuador since 2007. It assesses the extent to which there has been real change in local administration and governance and, if so, the impact in areas such as economic development, innovation and quality of life. Fieldwork was carried out across three towns and cantons – Zaruma, Piñas and Portovelo – in the province of El Oro. Historically, these have been characterised by their dependence on the primary export model that the government of Rafael Correa has sought to move beyond. The progress and limitations of this process are assessed within the context of the National Plan for Good Living.

scholarly journals PENINGKATAN PERAN SUKUK NEGARA DALAM PEMBIAYAAN INFRASTRUKTUR

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-72
Author(s):  
Eri Hariyanto
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Analytic Network Process ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Project Financing ◽  
The Public ◽  
Network Process ◽  
The Government

Sukuk Negara is one of the sharia-based financing instruments issued by the government to meet the budget deficit. This study aims to identify priority issues in the development of Sukuk Negara to enhance the role of Sukuk Negara in supporting government infrastructure financing. From the results of data management using the Analytic Network Process (ANP) method, it is known that several priority problems include the issuance of Sukuk Negara financing limited to central government projects, the lack of quality and quantity of Islamic finance human resources compared to conventional finance, and the low interest in public investment in Islamic financial instruments. The priority of the solution is the need to make regulations that allow Sukuk Negara to finance PPP project financing schemes, increase innovation and quality of sukuk products so that they are able to achieve the set targets, and foster public investment interest. Thus, the strategy in supporting the government's infrastructure development is to increase the proportion of SBSN issuance, increase socialization and communication to the public, and diversify underlying assets.

scholarly journals University Educational Service Delivery Strategy In A Changing World: Implications For Ethical Values And Leadership Integrity In Nigeria

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. I. Akintayo
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
University Education ◽  
Educational Service ◽  
Ethical Values ◽  
Delivery Strategy ◽  
Significant Phenomenon ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level ◽  
Changing World

This paper examined university educational service delivery strategy in a changing world as it affects ethical values and leadership integrity in Nigeria.  This was for the purpose of determining appropriate strategies for improving the quality of service delivery system in Nigerian universities.  The paper submits that the quality and quantity of educational services has considerably been improved in relation to internal efficiency of resources.  Moreso, the problem of access to education has become a significant phenomenon with its deleterious effect on labour market supply.  The university education has also become more relevant to manpower training and development.  However, the paper established that the high level of moral decadence among the students as well as the leaders has affected the quality of education in Nigeria.  The deplorable condition of Nigerian universities need be improved upon by all the stakeholders.  Also, resource allocation and utilization towards quality assurance in Nigerian education system need be properly considered for financial and moral supports by the government and private organizations in Nigeria.

scholarly journals A REVIEW OF NATIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEM OF INDONESIA AND UZBEKISTAN: STRUCTURE, FINANCING, REFORMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
pp. 461-474
Author(s):  
Jakhongir Shaturaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
National Education ◽  
National Education System ◽  
The Government

The Government of Uzbekistan, experiencing modern reforms in an educational sector as a strategic part of a development program after the last presidential elections, spends an enormous portion of its resources on public education – significantly more than other countries in Central Asia, elsewhere with a similar income level, however, it is yet to pay off. Meanwhile, far in South-East Asia, Indonesia has made dramatic progress on expanding access to education, directing a huge stream of money towards formal education over the past few decades, but still, the learning outcomes remain low. In addition to key reforms in mandatory schooling in terms of increased quality of investment, utilization of information, communications hold considerable promise in improving educational outcomes. This comparative study on the compulsory education of both counties investigates financing and educational concerns in Indonesia and Uzbekistan. Drawing on our findings indicating the need for long-term educational reforms and proper investments in public education to reach promising milestones.

Digital Learning Challenge in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-71
Author(s):  
Adhi Prasetio ◽  
Grisna Anggadwita ◽  
Rina D. Pasaribu
Keyword(s):  
Education Reform ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Internet Technology ◽  
Digital Learning ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
National Education ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Use Of Internet ◽  
And Training

Industry Education Reform 4.0 was launched by the Indonesian government as one of nine priority agendas called Nawa Cita. The reform consists of two main programs: first, to improve the quality of life of Indonesian people through improving the quality of education and training and, second, to revolutionize the nation's character through the policy of restructuring the national education curriculum. There are challenges though to implement those programs including Indonesian geographic, gap to access different level of education, and the gap to achieve the Industrial Revolution 4.0 skills. The aims of this chapter are to explore alternatives and solutions for access to education in Indonesia by utilizing technological advancements including the skills needed to face the current digital era. Education 4.0 is a good approach to answer those challenges. The use of internet technology for digital learning can provide access to students spread across the country. This approach requires skills set that are appropriate to Industry 4.0 by providing a flexible curriculum and online certification.

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