scholarly journals Diet therapy in patients with metabolically associated fatty liver disease: what is the choice for particular patient?

2021 ◽  
pp. 109-117
Author(s):  
E. A. Lyalyukova ◽  
I. V. Druk ◽  
I. V. Dolgalev ◽  
E. N. Chernysheva ◽  
E. N. Loginova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Diet Therapy ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Healthy Eating Habits ◽  
Hereditary Factors

Metabolically associated fatty liver disease is a widespread disease (MAFLD).The main treatment strategy for MAFLD is the correction of metabolic factors, changes in lifestyle, normalization of body weight, which is achieved by the use of diet therapy and physical activity.The purpose of this review is to present the characteristics of diets that have been studied in the treatment of patients with MAFLD.Results. The greatest evidence base on the effectiveness of treatment of MAFLD and the safety profile is the use of the Mediterranean diet and the diet with a low glycemic index. Patients should be advised to reduce their sugar intake, reduce their intake of saturated fatty acids and trans fats, and increase their intake of dietary fiber. Eating a balanced, calorie-restricted diet can help to provide healthy lifestyle and healthy eating habits, which are essential for the prevention and treatment of MAFLD. Hereditary factors, the composition of the intestinal microbiota, comorbid pathology can affect the results of diet therapy, which emphasizes the urgent need for an individualized approach in the treatment of this disease.

Doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica: Revisão de literatura / Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: literature review

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Veloso De Souza ◽  
Jorge Carvalho Guedes ◽  
Mauro Lucio Mazini Filho ◽  
Vitor Antonacci Condessa ◽  
Luciano Antonacci Condessa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
General Population ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Healthy Eating Habits

A Doença Hepática Gordurosa Não Alcoólica (DHGNA) é uma condição clínica patológica comum em adultos. Embora tenha características histopatológicas semelhantes às encontradas na hepatite alcoólica, suas causas não são plenamente conhecidas. Verifica-se que a maioria dos pacientes com DHGNA apresenta ausência de sinais e sintomas e suas formas agravantes aparecem como a principal causa de morbidade e mortalidade ligadas a doenças hepáticas. A DHGNA está associada à obesidade, resistência à insulina, ao sedentarismo, e à adoção de hábitos alimentares inadequados. O sedentarismo, índices antropométricos elevados e a obesidade, contribuem para o surgimento e desenvolvimento da DHGNA. Desse modo, acredita-se que devam ser prioridades nas ações em beneficio da saúde, diagnosticar, orientar e estimular mudanças do estilo de vida, com hábitos alimentares mais saudáveis e o estímulo à prática regular de exercício físico, reduzindo assim os riscos para doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e prevenindo as complicações e desfechos desfavoráveis. Neste sentido, deve-se promover, sensibilizar e educar a população em geral, com a finalidade de melhorar o estilo de vida e reduzir a mortalidade relacionada às doenças hepáticas.     Palavras Chave: Doença Hepática Gordurosa Não Alcoólica, Esteatose Hepática, Exercício Físico.  Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a pathological medical condition common in adults. Although histopathological features similar to those found in alcoholic hepatitis, its causes are not fully known. It seems that most patients with NAFLD have no signs or symptoms and their ggravating ways can appear as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality associated with liver disease. NAFLD is associated with obesity, insulin resistance, sedentary lifestyle, and the adoption of eating habits. Physical inactivity, obesity and high anthropometric indexes contribute to the emergence and development of chronic  oncommunicable diseases. Thus, we believe that there should be priorities in the actions for the benefit of health, diagnosing, guiding and encouraging changes in lifestyle with healthy eating habits and motivation of the regular practice of physical exercise, for reducing the risks of chronic diseases and preventing complications. In this sense, we should promote and educate the general population in order to improve the In this sense, we should promote and educate the general population in order to improve the lifestyle and reduce mortality related to liver disease DicionárioParte inferior do formulário Keywords: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Hepatic steatosis, Physical exercise

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective properties of glycyrrhizic acid

2020 ◽  
pp. 96-108
Author(s):  
S. V. Okovity ◽  
K. L. Raikhelson ◽  
A. V. Volnukhin ◽  
D. A. Kudlai
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Intrahepatic Cholestasis ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Glycyrrhizic Acid ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The review is devoted to the problem of treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which is the most common pathology of the hepato-biliary system worldwide and is characterized by an increasing frequency, including of more severe forms. A wide range of pathogenetic relationships of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with diseases of other organ systems, primarily with diseases of the cardiovascular system, type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease and diseases of the biliary tract, is presented. The main mechanisms of comorbidity are insulin resistance, oxidative stress, inflammation, disorders of carbohydrate and fat metabolism. An approach to the therapy of this disease based on the concept of comorbidity has been substantiated. As a rational therapeutic choice, a molecule of glycyrrhizic acid is presented, which has pleiotropic effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antifibrotic and immunomodulatory effects. The evidence base for glycyrrhizic acid is formed by a large array of clinical trials, including randomized placebo-controlled trials conducted both in Russia and abroad, in infectious and non-infectious liver diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Attention is focused on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with intrahepatic cholestasis associated with a more severe course and high rates of disease progression. A theoretical justification for the use of a combination of glycyrrhizic acid and ursodeoxycholic acid in such patients is presented. The reason for this is the potential synergy of the two molecules, based on the induction of CYP3A4, and associated with the effect on inflammation, as a factor in the development of intrahepatic cholestasis and cholestasis itself.

scholarly journals Genetic Aspects of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 442-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel O. Bogomolov ◽  
Kseniya Yu. Kokina ◽  
Aleksander Yu. Mayorov ◽  
Ekaterina E. Mishina
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Therapeutic Goals ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Hereditary Factors ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most commonly diagnosed hepatopathy. There is an increase in the incidence of NAFLD in the structure of liver diseases in children and adolescents, which is directly related to the increasing prevalence of obesity. The spectrum of liver tissue changes in NAFLD ranges from benign hepatocellular steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis of the liver, and hepatocellular carcinoma. With the increasing prevalence of NAFLD in children, we can expect an increase in the incidence of adverse outcomes among people of working age. The key problem for NAFLD is the prediction of disease outcomes. In epidemiological and genetic studies, the relationship between the morphological stage of NAFLD and hereditary factors is shown. Currently, there are three genes associated with NAFLD (PNPLA3, TM6SF2, and GCKR), which, together with the genes responsible for insulin resistance, lipid deposition, inflammation and fibrogenesis in hepatocytes, determine the phenotype of fatty liver disease. The article considers the modern understanding of the issues of genetics, development of liver steatosis and progression of NASH. It is expected that this knowledge can transform our risk stratification strategies in patients with NAFLD and help identify new therapeutic goals.

Relationship between Dietary Macronutrient Composition and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Lean and Non-Lean Populations: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Bahareh Amirkalali ◽  
Mahmood Reza Khansari ◽  
Masoud Reza Sohrabi ◽  
Hossein Ajdarkosh ◽  
Nima Motamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Animal Protein ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Lean Nafld

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to customize dietary changes for lean patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Design: This study was done with a population-based cross-sectional design. The Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was used to analyze dietary macronutrient intake and ultrasonography results for NAFLD diagnosis. The study subjects were divided into the lean and non-lean groups based on their body mass index (< 25 and ≥ 25). Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the relationship between dietary macronutrients and NAFLD. Substitution analyses were also performed. Setting: Amol and its suburban areas in Iran. Participants: Adults in the age range of 18 to <65 with full relevant data. Results: Among the total study subjects (2308), 46.7% had fatty liver. The substitution of polysaccharides for animal protein and saturated fatty acids (SFA) in the lean group resulted in a significant NAFLD reduction; whereas, the substitution of SFA for all types of macronutrients, except for w-6 and mono-disaccharides, led to a significant increase in NAFLD (p<0.05). In non-lean participants, the substitution of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) for mono-disaccharides resulted in a significant reduction of NAFLD (p<0.05). In this group, the substitution of SFA and mono-disaccharides for MUFA, and w-6 for all macronutrients, except vegetable protein and SFA, were significantly related to an increase in NAFLD (p<0.05). Conclusions: Lower lean NAFLD is correlated with increasing polysaccharides in exchange for SFA and animal protein intake; whereas, lower non-lean NAFLD is correlated with increasing MUFA in exchange for mono-disaccharides and reducing w-6 and SFA.

Laboratory And Molecular-Genetic Markers Of The Progression Of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (literature review and own data)

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
Hamrayev A.A. ◽  
◽  
Yuldasheva D.H. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Hereditary Factors ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common diseases in hepatology. First of all, this is associated with a high risk of progression of NAFLD with the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Epidemiological and genetic studies have shown the relationship between the morphological stage of NAFLD and hereditary factors. The article provides a review of the literature on the cytokines, MBOAT7 and GCKR genes. Also, a variant of the MBOAT7 and GCKR gene is associated with a high risk of fibrosis in patients with NAFLD and elevated serum triglyceride levels.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the effectiveness of diet therapy in the elderly with obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 118-125
Author(s):  
I. A. Lapik ◽  
Y. G. Chekhonina ◽  
T. N. Korotkova ◽  
K. M. Gapparova
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Diet Therapy ◽  
Calorie Diet

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a standard reduced-calorie diet in elderly subjects with obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Materials and Methods: 60 women with I-III degree obesity and NAFLD were examined. Metabolic status was assessed by indirect calorimetry and body composition indices using bioimpedance spectroscopy. Biochemical indices in blood serum were determined on a biochemical analyzer “KONELAB Prime 60i”. SPSS Statistics 23.0 program was used for statistical data processing.Results and Discussion: It was found that resting energy expenditure was significantly higher in middle-aged women (1896.8±46.5 kcal/d) with obesity and NAFLD than in elderly women (1691.6±34.2 kcal/d). Fat oxidation rate was significantly lower in elderly women (66.8±7 g/day) than in middle-aged women (70.8±9 g/day). The elderly patients received a variant of the standard diet with reduced caloric content for 10 days. Against the background of diet therapy, a significant decrease in glucose, total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, as well as fat mass, total fluid and visceral fat area was observed in elderly patients with obesity and NAFLD. However, the use of a standard reduced-calorie diet resulted in a slight elevation of serum uric acid levels and a significant decrease in muscle mass.Conclusions: the selection of specialized diets is recommended for elderly patients with obesity and NAFLD when prescribing diet therapy, which will not only prevent the decrease of muscle mass and increase of uric acid but also improve the effectiveness of treatment measures in obesity by preventing the development and progression of its complications.

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