scholarly journals ФОТОСИНТЕТИЧНА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ РОСЛИН РИЖІЮЯРОГО ЗАЛЕЖНО ВІД ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНИХ ПРИЙОМІВ ВИРОЩУВАННЯ

2014 ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
О. М. Стельмах ◽  
Я. Я. Григорів ◽  
Т. О. Максимів
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Camelina Sativa ◽  
Flowering Phase ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Technological Methods

Наведено результати досліджень із вивченнявпливу технологічних прийомів вирощування на дина-міку наростання площі листків та формування фо-тосинтетичного потенціалу посівів. За результата-ми досліджень встановлено, що найвищі показникиплощі листкової поверхні отримані за першого стро-ку сівби у фазу цвітіння рижію ярого. Встановлено,що внесення мінеральних добрив мало суттєвий впливна площу листкової поверхні рижію ярого й, відповід-но, на показник фотосинтетичного потенціалу. The results of studies on the impact of technological methods of cultivation on the growth dynamics of leaf area and photosynthetic capacity of crops formation. The research found that the highest rates of leaf surface area obtained for the first sowing in spring Camelina sativa flowering phase. Established that fertilization had a significant effect on the leaf surface area of spring Camelina sativa according to rate of photosynthetic capacity.

scholarly journals LEAF SURFACE AREA ESTIMATION IN DIFFERENT GRAPES VARIETIES USING A AM 300 LEAF AREA METER

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrik BURG ◽  
Jana BURGOVÁ ◽  
Vladimír MAŠÁN ◽  
Miroslav VACHŮN
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Lateral Shoots ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
South Moravia ◽  
Area Development

Experimental measurements focused on evaluation of grapevine leaf surface area development in nine varieties, in the viticultural conditions of South Moravia. The dynamics of leaf surface area development was measured by using a device called leaf area meter AM 300. The device operates on the principle of a scanner and the resulting values are expressed through the leaf area index - LAI. The measurements were carried out in five dates during phenophases of growth, flowering, initial development of fruits, and ripening of berries. The results show a significant differences in increase in leaf area between the evaluated varieties, especially during flowering. The size of the leaf area, depending on the year, corresponds to values between 7.615 and 13.483 square metres per hectare. The largest leaf area was reached in growth stage 8, which is ripening of fruit. The leaf area reached the largest size in the varieties Grüner Veltliner, Zweigelt, and Sauvignon, with values ranging from 20.560 to 26.481 square metres per hectare. The results suggest that a significant proportion of leaf area is also represented by lateral shoots whose size in the ripening phase, depending on variety, ranges from 33.7 to 52.9 per cent of the total leaf area.

Photosynthetic activity and productivity of the sunflower hybrid warrior depending on growing conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 84-95
Author(s):  
O.V. Nikitenko ◽  
S.V. Litoshko
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Classical System ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
Hybrid Sunflower

As a result of the conducted in 2016–2018 studies on the study of the features of photosynthetic activity of the Ratnik hybrid sunflower found that the indicators of the leaf area of one plant and one hectare changed under the influence of the use of mineral fertilizers and growth regulators and were large according to the classical system of basic tillage. The largest indices of the leaf surface area of one plant in all systems of basic tillage were noted with the introduction of full fertilizer N60P60K60. The use of growth regulators in all combinations resulted in an increase in leaf area per plant and per hectare. Large indices of net productivity of photosynthesis were noted in crops according to the classical system of basic tillage, which were, depending on the scheme of drug use: on the control (without fertilizers) – 5,95–6,16 g/m2 × day, in variants with the introduction of N40 – 6,31–6,56 g/m2 × day, in variants with the introduction of N40P60 – 6,25–6,47 g/m2 × day in the variants with the introduction of N60P60K60 – 6,29–6,42 g/m2 × day. The application of mineral fertilizers in various doses contributed to an increase in the net productivity of photosynthesis: according to the classical system by 0,31–0,44, according to the moldboard-free system by 0,02–0,24, at the minimum 0,01–0,08 g/m2 × day. The most favorable conditions for the formation of productivity by sunflower plants have developed according to the classical system of basic tillage with a yield depending on the dose of fertilizers and the option of using growth regulators 2,62–3,46 t/ha. The highest yields of the Ratnik hybrid sunflower – 3.46 and 3.45 t/ha, were obtained when growing according to the classical system of basic tillage, applying mineral fertilizers in a dose of N60P60K60 for pre-sowing cultivation of the second and fifth options for using growth regulators: 2. Rost-concentrate + Chelatin oilseeds (6–8 pairs of real leaves) 5.1 processing: Chelatin phosphorus-potassium + Chelatin мultimix + Chelatin mono boron (3–4 pairs of real leaves), 2 processing: Chelatin mono boron (6–8 pairs of real leaves). The formation of the crop was largely influenced by the system of basic tillage (r = -0.66) and the use of mineral fertilizers (r = 0.61) and the weak use of drugs (r = 0.17). It should be noted the close relationship between yield and leaf surface area (r = 0.78), CPF (r = 0.78), dry matter weight per plant (r = 0.99) and seed weight (r = 0.97 ). Key words: sunflower, system of basic tillage, mineral fertilizer, growth regulator, leaf area, net productivity of photosynthesis, yield.

scholarly journals Impact of mineral fertilizers on soybean growth, development and productivity on meadow-chernozem soils of Rostov region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ye. Yurkova ◽  
◽  
L. M. Dokuchayeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Flowering Phase ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Chernozem Soils ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Different Doses

Purpose: to reveal the effect of different doses of mineral fertilizers (MF) on the growth, development and productivity of soybeans on meadow-chernozem soils of Rostov region. Materials and methods. The studies were carried out on meadow-chernozem soils of Oktyabrsky district Rostov region in 2019–2020. Observations of the effect of different doses of MF on the growth, development of plants, yield records, statistical processing of the results were carried out according to generally accepted methods of conducting field experiments. Results. It was found that, on average for 2 years, the greatest plant growth was observed in the variant with the calculated MF dose for the planned yield of 5.0 t/ha. The height of plants in this variant in the branching phase averaged 24.8 cm for 2 years, in the flowering phase – 54.7 cm, and in the phase of bean filling – 117.6 cm. This is, respectively, 23, 21 and 13 % higher than the control. The largest increases in leaf surface area in this variant were revealed: on average for 2 years, they amounted to 13% in the phases of branching and filling of beans and 18 % in the flowering phase. At the same time, in the variant with the MF dose for the yield of 4.0 t/ha, the increments to the control were respectively equal to 9, 16, 13 %, and in the variant with the MF for the yield of 3.5 t/ha – 6, 12, 8 %, respectively. Similar changes were revealed in the accumulation of dry aboveground biomass. Conclusions. The greatest impact on the height of soybean plants was exerted by the application of MF with a dose calculated for the planned yield of 5.0 t/ha. On average, for 2 years, the height of plants in this variant was 117.6 cm in the phase of filling the beans, which is 13 % higher than in the variant without fertilizers. The same tendency can be traced when determining the leaf surface area and accumulation of dry biomass according to the options in the observation phases. Thus, the best conditions for the yield formation were formed in the variant with the calculated dose for the planned yield of 5.0 t/ha. As a result, on average for 2 years, the soybean yield in this variant is 109 % higher than the control.

scholarly journals PHOTOSYNTHETIC PRODUCTIVITY OF SINGLE-SPECIES AND COMPATIBLE CROPS OF SUGAR SORGHUM WITH SOYBEANS

2020 ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
Vasyl Lipovy ◽  
Oksana Shevchuk ◽  
Oleg Knyazyuk
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Total Leaf ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
The Impact

The article presents the results of research to assess the impact of technological methods on the productivity of single and compatible crops of sugar sorghum with soybeans, and in particular the methods of sowing and fertilizing. The main organ of the plant that absorbs the most solar energy and has the highest intensity of photosynthesis is the leaf. The use of mineral fertilizers had a positive effect on the total leaf surface. During years of the research with the study methods of sowing and the timing for determination of total leaf surface in areas under mineral fertilizers were applied, it was greater than in areas without fertilizers. Thus, on average for 2018-2019 in the phase of ejection of panicles in areas where sugar sorghum was sown together with soybeans according to the scheme one row of sorghum + one row of soybeans under applying N120P90K120 leaf surface was 30.1 thousand m2/ha, and in areas without fertilizers - 21.0 thousand m2/ha It was found that the largest area of assimilation surface of leaves on average for two years (41.3 thousand m2 / ha) was in the phase of milk ripeness of grain under sowing two rows of sorghum + one row of soybeans and N120P90K120 consumption. For the efficient use of solar energy is important not only the size of the leaf surface area but also the duration of its active work. Photosynthetic potential is used as an indicator for characterizing of the photosynthetic work of crops during the growing season. The maximum value of the photosynthetic potential of sorghum plants on average for two years of research (2018-2019) was obtained at the end of the growing season (2.81 million m2 days/ha) in areas where it was sown together with soybeans in the method of sowing two rows of sorghum + one-row soybeans and under application of N120P90K120 doses. Keywords: Leaf surface area, photosynthetic potential, sugar sorghum, method of sowing, fertilizer.

scholarly journals Formation of the leaf surface area of spring wheat in various cultivation technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 02004
Author(s):  
Galina Deriglazova ◽  
Tatiana Gavrilova
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Kursk Region

The article analyzes the research on the formation of the leaf surface area of spring wheat of Darya variety in different cultivation technologies on the chernozem soil of Kursk Region. The aim of the research was to study the peculiarities of the formation of the leaf surface of spring wheat depending on the cultivation technology and to identify the conjugate relationships of indicators under the conditions of chernozem soils of Kursk Region. The results of the conducted studies indicate that intensive cultivation technology contributes to the activation of the assimilation apparatus of leaves during the entire growing season of the crop. A high direct correlation between the leaf surface area in the Z 13 and Z 55 phases and the application of mineral fertilizers was established (r = 0.73; 0.80, respectively). At Z 25 the leaf surface area has a direct noticeable relationship with primary tillage (r = 0.51) and a moderate one with the application of mineral fertilizers (r = 0.36). The use of sugar beet tops as organic fertilizer had a positive effect on the leaf area of one plant at Z 25 and Z 55, as evidenced by a noticeable correlation (r = 0.52; 0.52, respectively). It was found that the area of the flag leaf, as well as its length and width, increased with a decrease in the density of standing plants per square meter of cropped area. The flag leaf area and width decreased depending on the height of the plants, while the length increased. The development of the flag leaf area directly affected the accumulation of dry weight of plants (r = 0.53), the formation of the total assimilation surface of plants (r = 0.72), as well as a high direct relationship with the length of the ear (r = 0.75), which in turn is closely directly correlated with the weight of grain from one ear (r = 0.70). Thus, the evidence of the direct influence of the area of the flag leaf on the formation of the crop yield is presented.

scholarly journals Efficiency of soybean photosynthesis as affected by the components of cultivation technology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Baida
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Soybean Variety ◽  
Foliar Fertilization ◽  
Flowering Phase ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
Cultivation Technology

Purpose. Determine the efficiency of photosynthesis of soybean varieties ‘Ustia’, ‘Kordoba’, ‘Estafeta’ as affected by the use of microfertilizers and growth regulators. Methods. Field, laboratory. Results. The article presents the results of research to study the effectiveness of photosynthesis in the cultivation of different varieties of soybean. It was found that the treatment of plants with microfertilizer Yara Vita Mono Molitrak in the budding phase (0.25 l/ha) + in the flowering phase (0.25 l/ha) in combination with the growth regulator Radostym ensured a leaf area (1000 m2/ha) increase of 7.2 m2/ha in variety ‘Ustia’, 7.6 in ‘Kordoba’ and 5.2 in ‘Estafeta’, compared to control. At the same time, the efficiency of using the growth regulator Biosil against the background of double treatment with the microfertilizer was at the level of the treatments with single treatments with Yara Vita Mono Molitrak in the budding phase (0.25 l/ha) in combination with appropriate growth regulators. Conclusions. It was investigated that the leaf surface area of ‘Ustia’ variety with foliar fertilization using Yara Vita Mono Molitrak microfertilizer in the budding phase (0.25 l/ha) in combination with growth regulators Biosil and Radostym was 38.8 and 39.2 thousand m2/ha. The use of microfertilizers twice in combination with the above-mentioned growth regulators contributed to the increase of leaf area to the level of 38.9 and 39.5 thousand m2/ha, respectively. Similarly, in ‘Kordoba’ soybean variety, the best option was the use of Yara Vita Mono Molitrak in the budding phase (0.25 l/ha) + in the flowering phase (0.25 l/ha) in combination with the growth regulator Radostym, which helped to increase the leaf area to 39.5 thousand m2/ha. Foliar fertilization with microfertilizers combined with the use of growth regulators provides the formation of maximum NPP. Thus, in ‘Ustia’ variety, it was 1.47 and 1.45 g/m2, in ‘Estafeta’ 1.82 and 1.82 g/m2 of dry matter per day.

scholarly journals Influence of leaf shape on the scaling of leaf surface area and length in bamboo plants

Trees ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Jian Shi ◽  
Yi-Rong Li ◽  
Ülo Niinemets ◽  
Edward Olson ◽  
Julian Schrader
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
Bamboo Leaves ◽  
Scaling Relationship ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract Key message Using more than 10,000 bamboo leaves, we found that the scaling between leaf surface area and length follows a uniform power law relationship mainly relying on the degree of variation in leaf shape (reflected by the ratio of leaf width to length). Abstract A recent study based on leaf data of different plant taxa showed that the scaling of leaf surface area (A) with linear leaf dimensions was best described by the Montgomery equation (ME) that describes A as the product of leaf length (L) and width (W). Following from ME, a proportional relationship between A and the square of L has been proposed, but the validity of this simplified equation strongly depends on leaf shape (W/L ratio). Here, we show that the simplified equation can be applied to a group of closely related plants sharing a similar W/L ratio with low degree of uncertainty. We measured A, L and W of more than 10,000 leaves from 101 graminoid taxa (subfamily Bambusoideae) having similar elongated leaf shapes. We found that ME applies to the leaves of all bamboo taxa investigated. The power law equation that was used to describe a scaling relationship of A vs. L also predicted leaf area with high accuracy, but the variability measured as the root-mean-square error (RMSE) was greater than that using ME, indicating that leaf width also plays an important role in predicting leaf area. However, the dependence of the prediction accuracy of A on W is intimately associated with the extent of the variation in W/L ratio. There was a strong positive correlation (r = 0.95 for the 101 bamboo taxa) between RMSE and the coefficient of variation in W/L ratio. Thereby, our results show that leaf area of bamboo plants can be calculated by the product of L and W with a proportionality coefficient ranging from 0.625 to 0.762, i.e., the leaf area of bamboo leaves approximately equals 70% of a rectangular area formed by L and W. The pooled data of ln(A) vs. ln(WL) of 101 bamboo taxa were located on or very close to the regression line without being affected by interspecific differences. However, interspecific differences in W/L ratio largely affected the scaling relationship of A vs. L, which led to large deviations of the data of ln(A) vs. ln(L) from the regression line. This implies that the square relationship between A and L does not apply to all species even if those are very closely related taxa.

scholarly journals Photosynthetic parameters of durum winter wheat plantings depending on the variety

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (98) ◽  
pp. 288-298
Author(s):  
V. V. Liubych ◽  
◽  
I. O. Polianetska
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Apical Leaf ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Under different weather conditions, not all plant varieties successfully adapt to agro-ecosystems. Given that, wheat is the most important food crop It is important to study the possibility of its adaptation to climatic conditions. The choice of plant variety is the first, most important and most difficult stage for wheat producers. Aim. To study the parameters of photosynthetic activity of durum winter wheat plantings depending on the variety. Methods. Laboratory, mathematical and statistical, physical. Results. The article presents the formation of photosynthetic parameters (length, leaf width, number of leaves on one stem, area of one leaf, area of one stem, leaf surface area, apical leaf parameters) of durum winter wheat plantings depending on the variety. The length and width of durum winter wheat leaves varied significantly depending on the variety and stage of plant growth. On the average for three years of researches the number of leaves on one stem in the tillering stage was 4.1–4.5 pieces depending on the variety. In the booting stage, this indicator was the lowest – 3.1–3.3 pieces, and in the earing stage of all varieties was at the level of 4.0 pieces. The number of leaves on the stem almost did not change during the milk stage of grain – 3.9–4.0 pieces. The parameters of the apical leaf also varied significantly with weather conditions. The area of apical leaves in 2013 in the standard and studied varieties was 5.9 and 5.5–7.3 thousand m2/ha, respectively. In the following 2014, the leaf area indicator was higher than in 2013 by 51–60%. The increase in leaf area in durum winter wheat in 2014 is due to the formation of a higher number of stems compared to 2013. Conclusions. Photosynthetic parameters of durum winter wheat plantings have features. The number of leaves on one stem changed the least depending on the year of study, as the variation coefficient was insignificant (V = 1.7–3.6 %). The length and width of durum wheat leaf varied in a wide range - V = 3.7–53.0 %. In the more favourable 2014, the leaf surface area was 40.1–71.0 thousand m2/ha in the earing stage, and in the less favourable – 15.9–29.0 thousand m2/ha in the earing and milk stages of grain depending on the variety. The area of apical leaves varies from 5.7–7.3 to 8.8–14.2 thousand m2/ha depending on the weather conditions of the season

SOOTY MOULD DISEASES OF SOME TREES FROM AURANGABAD DISTRICT, MAHARASHTRA (INDIA)

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
NAVALSINGH J. TODAWAT
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Severity Of Disease ◽  
Sooty Mould ◽  
Leaf Surface Area

Sooty mould diseases of Tress from Aurangabad district were surveyed. During the survey of tress, 5 species were found infected by fungal pathogens causing sooty mould diseases. Disease is easily identifiable by the presence of a black, velvety growth covering the leaf surface area. The fungus produces mycelium which is superficial and dark grows on the flowers, leaf, stem and sometime on fruits also. The severity of disease depends on the honeydew secretions by insects. The diseases were found to be caused by 5 species of fungi viz. Capnodium anonae, C. ramosum, Capnodium sp., Meliola bangalorensis and Meliola ranganthii.

INFLUENCE OF GROWTH REGULATORS AND LED IRRADIATORS ON PINE STRAWBERRY ADAPTATION

1970 ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
M. G. Markova ◽  
E. N. Somova
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Fragaria X Ananassa ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Light Effects ◽  
Control Version

Work on going through the adaptation stage of rooted micro-stalks comes down to searching for new growth regulators and studying the influence of external conditions, which include, among other things, light effects. The data of 2018-2019 on the effect of growth regulators Siliplant, EcoFus and experimental LED phytoradiators on the adaptation of rooted micro-stalks of garden strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa duch) in vivo are presented. The object of research is rooted micro-stalks of garden strawberries of the Korona variety. It was revealed that, at the adaptation stage of rooted micro-stalks of strawberries, the most effective was the treatment of plants by spraying with Siliplant at a concentration of 1.0 ml/l and the combined treatment with Siliplant and EcoFus at concentrations of 0.5 ml/l: regardless of lighting, the survival rate averaged 99.4 - 99.7%, the leaf surface area increased significantly from 291.85 mm2 to 334.4 mm2. The number of normally developed leaves of strawberry microplants increased significantly after treatment with all preparations from 3.5 to 6.0, 5.8 and 6.5 pcs/plant, and a significant increase in the height of strawberry rosettes was facilitated by treatment with Siliplant and Siliplant together with EcoFus. Regardless of growth regulators, the most effective was the experimental LED phyto-irradiator with a changing spectrum, which contributed to an increase in leaf surface area, height of rosettes and the number of normally developed leaves in strawberry microplants. When illuminated with a flashing phytoradiator, these indicators are lower than in the control version, but not significantly. By the end of the rooting stage, all microplants of garden strawberries corresponded to GOST R 54051-2010.

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