scholarly journals Морфологічні та метричні особливості нематод Haemonchus contortus (Rudolphi 1803) Cobb 1898, виділених від овець (Ovis aries Linnaeus, 1758)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
В. В. Мельничук
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Caudal Bursa ◽  
Species Variability

Представлені результати визначення особливостей будови імагінальних форм нематод виду Haemonchus contortus (Rudolphi 1803) Cobb 1898, що паразитують у домашніх овець (Ovis aries), у кліматичних умовах центрального та південно-східного регіонів України з урахуванням їх морфометричних показників. Встановлено, що видовими ознаками самців H. contortus є особливості у морфологічній будові хвостової бурси, спікул, рулька, статевого конусу, а також їх метричні показники. Самки H. contortus мають специфічну для даного виду варіабельність щодо структури, форми, розмірів та кількості кутикулярних клапанів в області вульви. The results of the determination of the features of the imaginal forms structure of nematodes of the species Haemonchus contortus (Rudolphi 1803) Cobb 1898, which parasitize in domestic ovaries (Ovis aries), in the climatic conditions of the central and South-Eastern regions of Ukraine are presented, taking into account their morphometric indices. It has been established that the specific features of the H. contortus males are the features of the morphological structure of the caudal bursa, spicules, shank, sexual cone, and their metric indices. The females of H. contortus have a specific for this species variability in the structure, shape, size, and number of cuticular valves in the vulva.

Adaptive changes of the hair coat of the horses of zabaykalsky aborigenous breed

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Shkyratova ◽  
B. Z. Bazaron ◽  
T. N. Khamiruev ◽  
S. M. Dashinimaev
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Skin Thickness ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Hair Coat ◽  
Skin Fold ◽  
Winter Grazing ◽  
Shoulder Blade ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

The seasonal changes in the skin thickness and structure of the horses’ coat, as signs of adaptation to environmental factors, were studied. The experiment was carried out with the livestock kept in a herd using winter-grazing technology without additional feedings in the climatic conditions of the Trans-Baikal Territory. The objects of the research were adult mares of Zabaikalsky breed of horses of the same age, class and fatness. The studies were carried out in the middle of each season (May, July, October, February). The length of the coat was measured with a caliper, the coat itself with the determination of the ratio of hair (fl uffy hair, heterotype hair and coarse hair) and the thickness of the skin fold were measured in accordance with the approved methodological recommendations. The minimum skin thickness in winter was detected in mares on the back and shoulder blade – 4.3 and 4.4 mm, the maximum – on the side and thigh – 4.5 4.6 mm. When compared with the summer period, the increase on the side was 0.8 mm, whereas on the back, shoulder blade and thigh – 0.4 mm (p ≤ 0,001). In spring, thickening of the skin was noted within 0.1-0.3 mm in the same topographic areas, compared to autumn. The quantitative indicators of the coat changed depending on the season of the year. In winter, the coat contained more fl uffy hair (23.10%), and less coarse hair (68.24%), in summer there was a lower content of fl uffy hair (4.33%), but more coarse hair (94.01%.) Sharp seasonal changes were noted with regard to the length of the hair. The longest hair was found in winter and spring – 4.96 and 4.26 cm, whereas the shortest – in summer and autumn – 0.94 and 1.90 cm, respectively.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ESTIMATION OF RIVER RUNOFF FORMATION IN THE CLIMATIC ZONES OF GORN PAMIR

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 366-372
Author(s):  
Parviz NORMATOV ◽  
◽  
Inom NORMATOV ◽  
Richard ARMSTRONG ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Processing ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
River Flows ◽  
Hydrological Characteristics ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation

The research object. The hydrological characteristics of the Gunt and Vanch rivers belonging to the Southwestern and Central climatic zones of the Pamirs and are tributaries of the transboundary Pyanj River are considered. Long-term average values of temperature and precipitation as the main factors affecting the formation of river flows are determined for the period 1944–2016. The state of glaciation in the basins of the respective rivers is estimated. Goal. A comparative assessment of the influence of climatic features and mountain orography on the formation of river flows. Determination of the trend of changes in the climatic conditions of the Gunt and Vanch river basins at different periods of more than 70 years (1944–2016). Research methods. Generalization, systematization of meteorological and hydrological characteristics and determination of their change compared with the base period 1960–1990. Statistical processing of meteorological and hydrological data and establishing a trend of changes in climatic and hydrological characteristics using a differentiated method. Research results. It is shown that the nature of changes in hydrological characteristics, namely the flow of rivers in different climatic zones of the Pamir can differ significantly. On the example of two rivers (Gunt and Vanch) - tributaries of the transboundary Pyanj river, it is shown that the trend of change in the flow of the Gunt river differs from the Vanch river due to the state of glaciation of the river basin. To explain the results the meteorological conditions of the respective river basins and their possible impact on river hydrology were studied. Conclusion. The hydrological characteristics of the Gunt and Vanch rivers in the Pamirs taking into account the meteorological conditions of the respective river basins show that a key factor in improving the state of glaciation and reducing degradation processes, as well as achieving positive trends in the mass balance of glaciers is the presence of sufficient air mass in the glaciation zone. Naturally, this is the key to ensuring a sufficient amount of runoff.

scholarly journals 26 Copper oxide wire particles to complement control of gastrointestinal nematodes with levamisole and/or albendazole in lambs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 73-73
Author(s):  
Joan M Burke ◽  
James E Miller ◽  
Mohan Acharya ◽  
Erin Wood
Keyword(s):  
Copper Oxide ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Anthelmintic Resistance ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Further Development

Abstract Due to high prevalence of anthelmintic resistance (AR), complementary approaches to anthelmintic use to control gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) in sheep are necessary. Copper oxide wire particles (COWP) are effective against Haemonchus contortus but not other GIN, and FAMACHA aids to minimize further development of AR. The objective was to determine the efficacy of COWP alone or in combination with levamisole, albendazole, or a 3-way combination to control GIN known to have AR to these anthelmintics. Naturally infected Katahdin lambs were selectively dewormed based on FAMACHA© and/or packed cell volume (PCV). If FAMACHA© scores were 3, 4, or 5, lambs received 1 g COWP alone (n = 120), COWP and levamisole (n = 47) or albendazole (n = 6), or a 3-way combination (n = 10), respectively. Untreated lambs were included (CON; n = 31). Feces and blood were collected on days 0 (day of deworming) and 14 for determination of fecal egg counts (FEC) and FEC reduction (FECRED) and PCV. Data were analyzed using repeated measures in a mixed model. The mean FECRED was greater for the combination of levamisole and COWP than COWP alone (P < 0.001). In a mixed GIN population, COWP in combination with levamisole increased the efficacy of FECRED of H. contortus and other GIN genera present, offering greater GIN management in the presence of resistance to these anthelmintics.

scholarly journals Peat decomposition – shaping factors, significance in environmental studies and methods of determination; a literature review

Geologos ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danuta Drzymulska
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Meteoric Water ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Abstract A review of literature data on the degree of peat decomposition – an important parameter that yields data on environmental conditions during the peat-forming process, i.e., humidity of the mire surface, is presented. A decrease in the rate of peat decomposition indicates a rise of the ground water table. In the case of bogs, which receive exclusively atmospheric (meteoric) water, data on changes in the wetness of past mire surfaces could even be treated as data on past climates. Different factors shaping the process of peat decomposition are also discussed, such as humidity of the substratum and climatic conditions, as well as the chemical composition of peat-forming plants. Methods for the determination of the degree of peat decomposition are also outlined, maintaining the division into field and laboratory analyses. Among the latter are methods based on physical and chemical features of peat and microscopic methods. Comparisons of results obtained by different methods can occasionally be difficult, which may be ascribed to different experience of researchers or the chemically undefined nature of many analyses of humification.

Determination of dry matter (DM) and nitrogen (N) degradability in forages by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS)

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 154-154
Author(s):  
C. Cajarville ◽  
J. P Repetto ◽  
A. Curbelo ◽  
C. Soto ◽  
D. Cozzolino
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Optimum Planning ◽  
Plant Maturity ◽  
Animal Feeding

The nutritive value of forage crops is related mainly to climatic conditions and stage of plant maturity, and its determination for any given crop is essential for optimum planning and animal feeding (Berardo et al., 1993; Deaville and Flinn, 2000). Worldwide the nutritive value of forages is often estimated by chemical or physical methods and is expressed as the concentration of chemical constituents in the plant tissue. There is little information in the literature about the use of NIRS to determine degradability in pastures with different conditions, season, different places (Wilman et al., 2000). The aim of the work to explore the use of NIRS as rapid tool for estimate DM and N degradability in forages.

scholarly journals Modeling Mass-Balance Changes During a Glaciation Cycle

1990 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 238-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Pelto ◽  
S.M. Higgins ◽  
T.J. Hughes ◽  
J.L. Fastook
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Alpine Glacier ◽  
Alpine Glaciers

Identification of present-day climate setting and alpine glacier-balance gradients indicates that the balance gradient of alpine glaciers is primarily determined by climatic conditions. Determination of balance gradients for specific climatic settings on present-day ice sheets provides an analog for determining the mass balance on paleo and future ice sheets.

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