scholarly journals Assessing introspective linguistic judgments quantitatively: The case of The Syntax of Chinese

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Chen ◽  
Yuhang Xu ◽  
Zhiguo Xie
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Chinese Speakers ◽  
The Status ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Forced Choice Task ◽  
English Syntax ◽  
Successful Replication

The informal judgments of the well-formedness of phrases and sentences have long been used as the primary data source for syntacticians. In recent years, the reliability of data based on linguists’ introspective intuitions is increasingly subject to scrutiny. Although a number of studies were able to replicate a vast majority of English judgments published in a textbook and in peer-reviewed journal articles, the status of data in many non-English languages has yet to be experimentally examined. In this work, we em- ployed formal quantitative methods to evaluate the reliability of judgments in the widely used textbook, The Syntax of Chinese (Huang, Li, & Li, 2009). We first assessed example sentences based on the acceptability ratings from 148 native Mandarin Chinese speakers. Using a target forced-choice task, we further explored the potentially problematic sentence pairs. Results of the two experiments suggest an eminently successful replication of judgments in the book: out of the 557 data samples tested, only five sentence pairs require further investigation. This large-scale study represents the first attempt to replicate the judgments in a non-English syntax textbook, in hopes to bridge the gap between the informal data-collection in Chinese linguistic research and the protocols of experimental cognitive science.

Network-Driven Analysis Methods and their Application to Drug Discovery

2011 ◽  
pp. 294-315
Author(s):  
Daniel Ziemek ◽  
Christoph Brockel
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Parallel Methods ◽  
Development Face ◽  
Large Scale Data ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Genome Scale

Drug discovery and development face tremendous challenges to find promising intervention points for important diseases. Any therapeutic agent targeting such an intervention point must prove its efficacy and safety in patients. Success rates measured from first studies in human to registration average around 10% only. Over the last decade, massive knowledge on biological systems has been accumulated and genome-scale primary data are produced at an ever increasing rate. In parallel, methods to use that knowledge have matured. This chapter will present some of the problems facing the pharmaceutical industry and elaborate on the current state of network-driven analysis methods. It will focus especially on semi-quantitative methods that are applicable to large-scale data analysis and point out their potential use in many relevant drug discovery challenges.

scholarly journals Kitab Shahih Bukhari (Kajian Tentang Identitas dan Relevansinya Dengan Fase Kodifikasi Hadis)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-99
Author(s):  
Nurcahaya Nurcahaya
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Secondary Data Sources

This study aims to describe the book of Sahih Bukhari and the background of the codification phase of Hadith. This research uses qualitative research methods based on library research (Library Research). Sources of data in this study consisted of primary data sources and secondary data sources. The primary data source in this study is the Sahih Bukhari book written by Imam al-Bukhari, while the secondary data sources are books and journal articles related to the codification phase of hadith. Data analysis used content analysis techniques, namely by deepening the meaning in the literature quotations used. The results showed that the Sahih Bukhari book was the first book compiled containing the Hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad. This book was written in a period of approximately 16 years through a very strict screening process from 600,000 Hadith which resulted in 7,397 Hadiths contained in the book. With regard to the book, the birth of the Hadith codification movement during the era of Imam Bukhari was the dynamics of Islamic law, particularly the influence of Imam Syafi'i. In the period before Imam Syafi'i formulated a system of law making as contained in the ar-Risalah.

scholarly journals Penerapan Mobile Crowdsourching Untuk Estimasi Waktu Kedatangan Bis Berdasarkan Informasi Masyarakat

2016 ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Yuli Fauziah ◽  
Heru Cahya Rustamaji ◽  
Rihadina Pambudi Ramadhan
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Arrival Time ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Mobile Crowdsourcing ◽  
Bus Stop ◽  
The Status ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
Yogyakarta City

Trans Jogja is a mass transportation system operating in Yogyakarta City, where the system has problems with the timeliness of departure and bus arrival, so the bus arrival schedule can not be ascertained. So, this study designs the application of mobile crowdsourcing concept to assist Trans Jogja bus users in terms of bus arrival estimation. The user broadcasts the location or when the passenger goes up so that the end-user passengers can get an estimate of how long the bus will come. The method used is qualitative method by collecting primary data source (interview, observation and literature study). This research involves passengers of Trans Jogja bus android smartphone users. Passengers post the status using the app to send the bus location. Other passengers who have been waiting at the bus stop can know the bus arrival time at the bus stop. Based on Performance test result, it can be obtained the average difference of bus arrival time in application with bus arrival time of survey result in line 1A is 1.86 minutes.

scholarly journals DNA Sequence Chromatogram Browsing Using JAVA and CORBA

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy D. Parsons ◽  
Eugen Buehler ◽  
LaDeana Hillier
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Contig Assembly ◽  
Client Server ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Washington University ◽  
Expressed Sequence

DNA sequence chromatograms (traces) are the primary data source for all large-scale genomic and expressed sequence tags (ESTs) sequencing projects. Access to the sequencing trace assists many later analyses, for example contig assembly and polymorphism detection, but obtaining and using traces is problematic. Traces are not collected and published centrally, they are much larger than the base calls derived from them, and viewing them requires the interactivity of a local graphical client with local data. To provide efficient global access to DNA traces, we developed a client/server system based on flexible Java components integrated into other applications including an applet for use in a WWW browser and a stand-alone trace viewer. Client/server interaction is facilitated by CORBA middleware which provides a well-defined interface, a naming service, and location independence.[The software is packaged as a Jar file available from the following URL: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/∼jparsons. Links to working examples of the trace viewers can be found athttp://corba.ebi.ac.uk/EST. All the Washington University mouse EST traces are available for browsing at the same URL.]

scholarly journals The Analysis of Basic Sentence Patterns in English Translation of the Holy Qur’an In Surah Ad Dukhan By Abdulloh Yousuf Ali

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 238
Author(s):  
Arifah Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
English Translation ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Primary Data Source ◽  
Syntactic Process ◽  
Sentence Patterns ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Basic Sentence ◽  
English Syntax

This study is aimed at the analysis of basic sentence patterns in English translation of the holy Qur’an in surah Ad Dukhan. Focusing on the problem statements, there are two cases in this study. They are “What are types of the basic sentence patterns that is found in English translation of the Holy Qur’an in surah Ad Dukhan and what is the dominant of the basic sentence patterns types that is found in English translation of the holy Qur’an in surah Ad Dukhan. This research, applied descriptive qualitative method. The data is collected by documentation. The primary data is taken from surah Ad Dukhan in Abdullah Yousuf Ali’s English translation of the noble Al Qur’an. The secondary data is taken from many literary books and some relevant materials to support and complete the primary data source. The procedure of analyzing the data start by analyzing about basic sentence patterns types based on Nichols’s theory in his book English Syntax. Then find the dominant of the basic sentence patterns types of the holy Qur’an English by Abdullah Yusuf ‘Ali, in 1934 that is focus in surah Ad Dukhan. The overall findings showed that there were basic sentence patterns found in 52 cases are in sentence patterns 1consist of 12 cases, in sentence patterns 2 there are 19 cases, in sentence patterns 3 there are 7 cases, in sentence patterns 4 there are 10 cases, in sentence patterns 5 there are 4 cases. From the result the dominant cases that occurred of sentence patterns that found in Abdullah Yusuf Ali’s translation. The most dominant is sentence patterns 2. After analysis in this paper, the writer suggests in analyzing basic sentence pattern of English, we find that selection is an important syntactic process. The learner will get new idea doing observe as the writer done and they can possibly provide more book to have deeper analysis about that. 

scholarly journals Chinese Education in Malaysia under Malaysian Ethnic Politics

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Xia ◽  
Yanan Yang ◽  
Yok Fee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Ethnic Politics ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Chinese Education ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
The Status

Malaysia is one of the multi-ethnic, multi-culture and multi-religious countries in Southeast Asia. Malaysia is a classic case where the state has used wide-ranging preferential policies to manage ethnic problems. As a matter of fact, because of the ethnic politics in Malaysia, the ethnic preferential policies affected most domains of this country, including social, political and economic areas, especially Chinese education in Malaysia. The objective of this paper is to examine Chinese education in Malaysia under Malaysian ethnic politics. Data of this article is based on two sources, primary data were collected through interviews and the informants were selected based on purposive sampling and snowball sampling, meanwhile, secondary data were collected from journal articles, newspapers, website pages and online resources. Hence, the authors focused on these qualitative data especially the informants’ oral interviews to reach the research objective. Content analysis was used to analyze primary and secondary data. Findings of this study indicate that, there is no doubt that the development of Chinese education in Malaysia is closely related to Malaysian ethnic politics, though it has undergone a thorny way, it is not a problem to maintain the status quo of the Chinese education; however, it is impossible to seek a great breakthrough at the present stage. Nowadays, the development of Chinese education in Malaysia depends to a certain extent on the development of China and it has a positive correlation with the Malaysia-China relationships.

scholarly journals Cardamom production in Kavrepalanchowk

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
Kiran Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Training Support ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
The Status ◽  
Market Management ◽  
Traditional Pattern

Cardamom production is a potential cash crop of Kavre district. Many farmers were found to grow cardamom following traditional pattern. Women's participation in Cardamom production in Kavre is satisfactory and their roles are vital in the farm and market management. To check the status of cardamom production and women's role in Kavre, the researcher visited the District Agriculture Office and used snowball sampling technique to collect the primary data. For the secondary data, library method has been applied. Although the production and women's participation are highly encouraging, the farmers are reluctant to invest and produce cardamom at large scale. The study has found that the farmers need the entrepreneurship training, support and empowerment for mass production of cardamom. The future of cardamom production is bright in Kavre.Research Nepal Journal of Development Studies Vol.1(1) 2018 58-65

scholarly journals PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI KONSUMEN DALAM PERJANJIAN BAKU JUAL BELI PERUMAHAN DENGAN PIHAK PENGEMBANG DI BALI

Acta Comitas ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A Gde Agung Brahmanta ◽  
Ibrahim. R ◽  
I Made Sarjana
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Bargaining Power ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Standard Contract ◽  
Consumer Protection Act ◽  
Real Estate Developer ◽  
The Status ◽  
Data Source

The rapid population growth makes the need for homes also increase. There are many emerging developer companies that offer home that could be obtained on credit. Real Estate Developer parties usually make an agreement with consumers in the form of standard contract, so that the consumers here have no bargaining power but to accept what is specified by the developer. This causes consumer to have less legal protection as opposed to what is contained in the provisions of Law No. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection. The problem faced is how the position of the buyers as consumers in the purchase of standard agreement of housing, as well as how the legal protection that can be provided to the consumer in the standard housing sale and purchase agreement with developers in Bali. This research is empirical legal research whose objects of study are the terms and provisions regarding the enforcement or implementation of normative law (codification, law or contract) is in action / in abstracto on any legal events that occur in the community (in concreto). The data source used in this study is primary data and secondary data. The results of this study indicate that the Status of the buyer as a consumer in the standard housing sale and purchase agreement has a weaker position compared to the business party (developer), this is because the purchase agreement offered by the business is made in the standard contract format so that consumers do not have bargaining power over what is contained in the clauses of the home purchase agreement. Legal protection that can be provided to the consumer in standard housing sale and purchase agreement with developers in Bali, namely if in the field there is a breach of the provisions set out in the Consumer Protection Act, a developer as the party carrying out the business can legally be sued by consumers as parties who feel aggrieved, then other measures are that a developer must also adjust the standard clause in the purchase and sale agreement that it offers is still at odds with this Law.

scholarly journals BUNDA: KISAH CINTA 2 KODI BY ASMA NADIA: A STRUCTURALISM STUDY

Lire Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-224
Author(s):  
Suhailee Suhailee ◽  
Ali Imron ◽  
Nafron Hasyim ◽  
Atiqa Sabardila ◽  
Markhamah Markhamah
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Boarding House ◽  
Secondary Data Source ◽  
Simple Language ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Historic Background

This study aims to describe the socio-historic background of (1) Asma Nadia and (2) the structure of Bunda: Kisah Cinta 2 Kodi, This study uses the descriptive qualitative method. The research strategy is embedded in case studies. The research data are in the form of words, phrases, sentences, and paragraphs in the novel Bunda: Kisah Cinta 2 Kodi that contains information about the socio-historic background of Asma Nadia, and the structure of the novel. The primary data source is the novel and the secondary data source is relevant journal articles. The data were collected through the library, observation, and documentation techniques. The data were analyzed using the semiotic reading method, namely heuristic and hermeneutic reading. The results of the study are (1) Sociohistorical setting: Asma Nadia was born into a literary family (her grandfather, Teuku Muhammad Usman El Muhammady and her two siblings, Helvy Tiana Rosa and her brother Aeron Tomino, and her husband, Isa Alamsyah, were writers). Her works have particular characteristics: Islamic theme, simple language, and the struggle of Moslem women. (2) The structure of the novel: the theme is the struggle of a mother in a family. It uses the flashback method since the story takes a regressive plot. The important figures are Kartika, Aryani, Farid, Bagja, Farid’s mother, Anton’s mother and Siti. The setting: schools, Kartika boarding house, campus canteens, cinemas, bookstores, Aryani's house, hospitals, abortion clinics, Tanah Abang market, Aryani's in-law's house, mushalla, and food stalls. Time setting: 1962, 1963, 1965, 1989, 1992, 1998 and 2000. Social setting: Kartika comes from Javanese and Minangkabau parents, whose works are civil servants and teachers.

scholarly journals Signifikansi Pemikiran Sayyid Abdullah Bin Alwi Al-Haddad Dalam Kitab Risalah Al-Muawanah Tentang Pendidikan Akhlak

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-100
Author(s):  
Nur Hidayati
Keyword(s):  
Moral Education ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Inductive Method ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
Technical Data ◽  
Primary Data Source ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Deductive Method ◽  
Data Source

Sayyid Abdullah bin Alwi Al-Haddad is a famous figure of Sufism. One of the books is the Minutes of Al-Mu'awanah, this study aims to find out how moral education according to Sayyid Abdullah Bin Alwi Al-Haddad in the Book of Al-Mu'awanah. The questions to be answered through this research are: (1) How is moral education according to Sayyid Abdullah bin Alwi Al-Haddad in the Book of Minutes of Al-Mu'awanah (2) What are the implications of the moral education of the Book of Al-Muawanah treatise according to Sayyid Abdullah bin Alwi Al- Haddad in everyday life. The research method used is library research. The data obtained is sourced from the literature. The primary data source is the Al-Mu'awanah Risalah, the secondary source is the translation and the other sources are the books and other books that are relevant and relevant to the research. The technical data analysis (content analysis) uses the Deductive method, the Inductive method. The findings of this study, show that the values ​​of moral education contained in the book of the Book of Al-Mu'awanah by Sayyid Abdullah bin Alwi Al-Haddad is very relevant to education now, and is needed to change students who are currently still madhmumah. ), be a person of morality (good). The model of moral education in the Book of Al-Mu'awanah is arguably very practical and still holds fast to the Qur'an and the Hadith. The thoughts of Sayyid Abdullah bin Alwi Al-Haddad about the moral education contained in the Book of Al-Mu'awanah can be grouped into three large-scale writers. First: Morals to Allah SWT. Second: Moral towards yourself. Third: Moral towards the environment

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