scholarly journals Design of Poverty Reduction in Developing Countries Based on Entrepreneurship

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
endang naryono
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Foreign Debt ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Entrepreneurial Spirit ◽  
Economic Level

Poverty is a very complex problem to solve and find a solution, this is because poverty is highly correlated with various cross-sectors with one another that is interconnected so that breaking the poverty rate requires a strategy that is concrete, valid and of course sustainable. The purpose of this paper is to make a policy design in an effort to alleviate poverty in developing countries or poor countries that have low per capita income. The main problem in developing countries is that they do not have sufficient budgets to develop their countries so that in general the budget deficit is covered through foreign debt, then it is still dependent on investment from foreign investors in driving the economy, especially in the manufacturing, industry and infrastructure sectors because the state has not been able to afford it. to build it themselves due to the lack of budget, the low quality of human resources, this is due to the low level of education so that they do not have the competitiveness in competing in getting jobs, so that people who do not have competitiveness are finally excluded and fall into poverty. Policies in developing countries are generally still at the macro-economic level, not at the micro-economic level in poverty alleviation so that the poverty rate, although there is a decline, is still very small compared to the ratio of poverty growth to population. One solution to overcome this poverty problem is to build an entrepreneurial spirit because entrepreneurship will have high economic value and have a very large multiplayer for economic growth.

The Role of Entrepreneurial Spirit in Indonesian Youths and Housewives to Reduce Unemployment and Poverty Rate

2019 ◽  
pp. 991-1008
Author(s):  
Ati Cahayani
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Entrepreneurial Spirit ◽  
The Government

Unemployment and poverty are problems experienced especially by developing countries. The higher level of unemployment and poverty will lead the higher level of crime. The unemployment rate in Indonesia in August 2014 is 5.94% or 7,244,905 people, and 4% of Indonesian people living on less than $1.25 a day. One of the things that can reduce the unemployment rate and the percentage of poor people is entrepreneurship. This chapter wants to explain that the level of unemployment and poverty can be minimized by the spirit of entrepreneurship of housewives and youths, who has a micro, small, and medium business. From six women and youth entrepreneurs who start their micro and small business that described in this book chapter, it can be seen that their effort could empower themselves and make themselves and their family exit from poverty. But, they are facing barriers to starting up. The government must push and encourage Indonesian people to become an entrepreneur by designing entrepreneurship development program, which includes government, educational institution, and family.

The Role of Entrepreneurial Spirit in Indonesian Youths and Housewives to Reduce Unemployment and Poverty Rate

2017 ◽  
pp. 140-156
Author(s):  
Ati Cahayani
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Entrepreneurial Spirit ◽  
The Government

Unemployment and poverty are problems experienced especially by developing countries. The higher level of unemployment and poverty will lead the higher level of crime. The unemployment rate in Indonesia in August 2014 is 5.94% or 7,244,905 people, and 4% of Indonesian people living on less than $1.25 a day. One of the things that can reduce the unemployment rate and the percentage of poor people is entrepreneurship. This chapter wants to explain that the level of unemployment and poverty can be minimized by the spirit of entrepreneurship of housewives and youths, who has a micro, small, and medium business. From six women and youth entrepreneurs who start their micro and small business that described in this book chapter, it can be seen that their effort could empower themselves and make themselves and their family exit from poverty. But, they are facing barriers to starting up. The government must push and encourage Indonesian people to become an entrepreneur by designing entrepreneurship development program, which includes government, educational institution, and family.

scholarly journals Berdamai dengan Hutan; Memberdayakan Kelompok Tani Dusun Sodong Ponorogo sebagai Agen Substitusi Pangan

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
Hendra Afiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Entrepreneurial Spirit ◽  
Economic Level ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
Younger Generation

<p>The cutting of the poverty chain is done through providing entrepreneurial insight to the farmer groups that is an agricultural sector of cassava super that is able to provide bigger income to improve the economic level of the community. The development of entrepreneurial spirit will automatically cut the unemployment class, the working class of Sodong village Sampung sub-district Ponorogo regency. Later, with the emergence of many cassava super entrepreneurs, people's income will increase. The increasing income of the community is related to the increasing level of education of the younger generation. If the level of education has begun to increase, the poverty rate will gradually be reduced in the following year. This paper concludes that Sodong farmers which are actually part of a social group, in a community stigmatized as looters and forest destroyers. Even if it is empowered with a structured plan, this stigma can be eliminated. The farmers should be able to be used as an agent to socialize various processed cassava products as food crops to replace rice.</p><p> </p><p>Pemotongan mata rantai kemiskinan bisa dilakukan melalui pemberian wawasan kewirausahaan kepada kelompok tani bahwa ada sektor pertanian singkong dengan varietas gajah yang mampu memberikan <em>income</em> lebih untuk meningkatkan taraf ekonomi masyarakat. Berkembangnya jiwa wirausaha akan secara otomatis memangkas kelas pengangguran, kelas buruh masyarakat KT dsn. Sodong, kec. Sampung. Nantinya dengan banyak munculnya wirausahawan singkong gajah maka pendapatan masyarakat meningkat. Peningkatan pendapatan masyarakat berelasi dengan meningkatnya tingkat pendidikan generasi muda. Jika tingkat pendidikan sudah mulai mengalami peningkatan maka secara perlahan angka kemiskinan ditahun berikutnya sedikit dapat dikurangi. Tulisan ini menyimpulkan bahwa kelompok tani Dusun Sodong yang <em>notabene </em>merupakan bagian dari kelompok sosial, di masyarakat distigma sebagai penjarah dan perusak hutan. Padahal jika diberdayakan dengan rencana terstruktur maka stigma ini dapat dihilangkan. Kelompok tani tersebut seharusnya bisa dimanfaatkan sebagai agen untuk memasyarakatkan berbagai hasil olahan singkong sebagai tanaman pangan pengganti beras.</p>

PROSPEK USAHA INOVASI SPEAKER DAN PAJANGAN UNIK UPAYA PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH GULUNGAN KERTAS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Saputri Rizki Ramadhanti ◽  
Joti Dina Kartikasari ◽  
Alfian Muttoqim Muttoqim ◽  
Umi Farida Farida ◽  
Amanda Oktaviani Amanda
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Waste Paper ◽  
Direct Selling ◽  
Paper Waste ◽  
Entrepreneurial Spirit ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Business Opportunities ◽  
New Business

The amount of paper waste, especially paper waste of yarn rolls in the socks manufactured factory and the convection industry that has not been used to get high economic value is an opportunity to open a new business, especially in the electronic and art craft product. SEPIK PANIK (Speaker of Music and Unique Display of Waste Paper Rolls) is an innovation from processing paper waste to be a unique speaker. The purposes of this program are: 1) Utilizing paper waste to get high selling value. 2) Creating handmade products from paper waste into speakers as well as unique creative display. 3) To accommodate the desire of college students who have entrepreneurial spirit and artistic creations to open new business opportunities. The method of make this SEPIK PANIK product includes 1) Making paper tube of speaker and 2) Making a Unique Display. The Sales of this product have been carried out during May to August 2019, products that have been sold are 34 units, obtained a profit of Rp. 1.170,000. Sales and promotion methods are carried out both online through social media and offline, namely direct selling and consignment. Based on these results, this business is very profitable and can benefit the surrounding environment.

THE POVERTY REDUCTION SOLUTIONS FOR ETHNIC MINORITIES IN THE NORTH EASTERN BORDER AREA USING THE MARKET ACCESS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phi Hung Cuong ◽  
Vu Van Anh
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Eastern Border

Income is an important indicator for assessing the level of economy development as well as identifying and assessing living standards. The population in Northeast border is poor, facilities are outdated, people’s life is difficult, but it hold great potentials for economic development. However, the region’s biggest challenge today is low living standards and high poverty rate. Differences in income and living standards across regions and strata tend to increase the gap. The sustainability of the trend of income increase and improvement of living standards of the population is not stable. As a result, the development of mountainous areas is dependent on poverty reduction solutions for ethnic minorities through the increase of incomes and improvement of market connectivity for ethnic minorities in mountainous areas.

Capital Flows to Developing Countries: Blessing or Curse? (Distinguished Lecture)

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (4I) ◽  
pp. 125-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsin S. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Capital Flows ◽  
Financial Integration ◽  
Foreign Capital ◽  
Foreign Debt ◽  
Capital Inflows ◽  
Private Capital ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Private Capital Flows ◽  
Significant Phenomenon

The surge of private capital flows to developing countries that occurred in the 1990s has been the most significant phenomenon of the decade for these countries. By the middle of the decade many developing countries in Asia and Latin America were awash with private foreign capital. In contrast to earlier periods when the scarcity of foreign capital dominated economic policy-making in these countries, the issue now for governments was how to manage the largescale capital inflows to generate higher rates ofinvestrnent and growth. While a number of developing countries were able to benefit substantially from the private foreign financing that globalisation made available to them, it also became apparent that capital inflows were not a complete blessing and could even turn out to be a curse. Indeed, in some countries capital inflows led to rapid monetary expansion, inflationary pressures, real exchange rate appreciation, fmancial sector difficulties, widening current account deficits, and a rapid build-up of foreign debt. In addition, as the experience of Mexico in 1994 and the Asian crisis of 1997-98 demonstrated, financial integration and globalisation can cut both ways. Private capital flows are volatile and eventually there can be a large reversal of capital because of changes in expected asset returns, investor herding behaviour, and contagion effects. Such reversals can lead to recessions and serious problems for financial systems. This paper examines the characteristics, causes and consequences of capital flows to developing countries in the 1990s. It also highlights the appropriate policy responses for governments facing such inflows, specifically to prevent overheating of the economy, and to limit the vulnerability to reversals of capital flows.

Remittance and Economic Development of Nepal

Patan Pragya ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-208
Author(s):  
Badri Narayan Sah
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Gulf Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Internal Sources ◽  
Sources Of Capital

Nepal is one of the least developed but high remittances recipient countries in the world. Nepal received remittance from US$ 8.1 billion in 2016 and it is ranked 23rd among the remittance receiving countries in the world. Remittance income is one of the major sources of capital formation in the context of Nepal. It is directly related with the labour migration in a country which in return enhances foreign employment. Remittances have become a major contributing factor to increasing household income as well as country’s GDP. About 30 percent of Nepal’s GDP comes in the form of remittance money which is sent home by Nepalese working abroad and it helps to reduce country’s poverty rate. Poverty reduction took place in Nepal from 42 percent (1995/96) to 25.2 percent (2010/11). Nepal’s remittance recipients reached 31.5 percent GDP in 2015. The total amount of remittance in the country is 259 billion and among which 20 percent is internal sources, 11 percent from India and 69 percent from Gulf countries. Remittance received by the households is mainly used for daily consumption (79 percent) and remaining other purposes. Moreover, Nepal’s economic status mostly depends on remittance received which is therefore migration driven economy.

The Governance of Global Agri-food Value Chains, Standards, and Development

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Swinnen ◽  
Rob Kuijpers
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Gender Effects ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Food Standards ◽  
Institutional Spillovers ◽  
And Gender

Understanding the development implications of agri-food standards and global value chains is crucial, as they are a fundamental component of developing countries’ growth potential and could increase rural incomes and reduce poverty, but at the same time they present serious challenges and could lead to further marginalization of the poor. This chapter reviews some of the implications of the spread of stringent standards associated with global value chains for developing countries and global poverty reduction. The chapter focuses on five aspects: the interaction between standards and value chain governance; the effects on agricultural productivity and smallholder welfare; farm-level and institutional spillovers; labor market and gender effects; and the interaction between liberalization policies and value chains.

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