scholarly journals A New Approach to Keyboard Inputting Error Prevention and Increasing Inputting Productivity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis D. Eigen
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Negative Reinforcement ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Software Suite ◽  
Error Prevention ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Spell Check ◽  
Beta Testing ◽  
Initial Concept ◽  
Made In

This article describes the initial concept and developments of a new approach to reducing the number of inputting errors that are made in working with computers and decreasing the time the inputter must spend correcting errors. The approach involves intercepting and correcting errors before they are designated as such by Spell Check and eliminating the need for the time and effort of Spell Check. The operating principles and concepts of this approach, called Super ErrorCorrect™, is described, along with a software suite, that enables the implementation and the testing of the approach. This paper reports on the changes and evolution that resulted from analysis and limited Beta Testing. The preliminary data shows that not only is the Super ErrorCorrect™ approach feasible, but substantial time is saved while error rates are reduced markedly. Some data also suggests that in addition to the time saved in not using Spell Check, there is a tendency for users to type faster as they do not get negative reinforcement when they type faster and make errors as the software fixes the error in real time. Researchers are invited to collaborate in further research and licenses to the technology and software are provided at no cost if research results will be publicly disclosed.

DISCUSSION ON THE USE OF HEXACHLOROPHENE IN THE NURSERY

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 406-412
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Artificial Ventilation ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Dilute Solution ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
Intact Skin ◽  
Special Diets ◽  
Made In

Discussion–following papers by Kimbrough, Mullick and Gluck Richard Davis, USC: We have been examining brain sections from infants who have died in our nursery. So far we have found five cases similar to those described by Dr. Lampert. However, they occurred both during the period when hexachlorophene was being used as well as after its use had been discontinued. Dr. Shinefield: What was the concentration of hexachlorophene used? Dr. Davis: One teaspoon of 3% hexachlorophene in a quart of water. Moderator: With such a dilute solution, the amount of hexachborophene actually administered must have been very small. This raises the question as to whether the treated infants form a suitable study group. Dr. Alan Hodson: We have 10 cases showing striking bilateral and symmetrical vacuobation in myelinated areas; six were newborn infants and four were dermatobogical cases. The newborn infants were all immature (27 to 34 weeks' gestation) and received daily baths of 3% hexachiorophene for approximately 8 days. They were selected from 40 infants who died between 1967 and 1971. None of the infants was asphyxiated at birth and none required artificial ventilation. These are preliminary data and we do not yet know what the incidence of these lesions might have been before hexachlorophene bathing was introduced. Dr. Finberg: I would bike to report an observation recently made in Peru which might be a description of chronic hexachborophene toxicity following absorption of the chemical through the intact skin. In a unit established to study nutritional problems in children with severe marasmic kwashiarkor, the children were noted to become lethargic, vomit, and develop neurological manifestations when on special diets.

A Cognitive Approach to the Mechanism of Intelligence

2011 ◽  
pp. 18-35
Author(s):  
Yi X. Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
Simulation Approach ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Core ◽  
Behavior Simulation ◽  
Structural Simulation ◽  
Functional Simulation ◽  
Made In

An attempt was made in the article to propose a new approach to the intelligence research, namely the cognitive approach that tries to explore in depth the core mechanism of intelligence formation of intelligent systems from the cognitive viewpoint. It is discovered, as result, that the mechanism of intelligence formation in general case is implemented by a sequence of transformations conversing the information to knowledge and further to intelligence (i.e., the intelligent strategy, the embodiment of intelligence in a narrower sense). It is also discovered that the three major approaches to AI that exist, the structural simulation approach, the functional simulation approach, and the behavior simulation approach, can all be harmoniously unified within the framework of the cognitive approach. These two discoveries, as well as the related background, will be reported here in the article.

A study on a new criterion for minimum-energy perfect control in the state-space framework

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (7) ◽  
pp. 779-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech P Hunek ◽  
Marek Krok
Keyword(s):  
Energy Cost ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Control Law ◽  
Performance Simulation ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Energy Behavior ◽  
New Criterion ◽  
Made In

In this article, an advanced study concerning the energy cost of the perfect control algorithm is provided. An application of different nonunique matrix inverses into perfect control law has resulted in remarkable influence on both control and state signals. Following the newly obtained issues, covering the minimum-energy behavior, a new related criterion is proposed here. Based on deterministic norm we can, in a simple way, estimate the crucial energy performance. Simulation examples made in MATLAB/Simulink environment show the high potential of a new approach considered in the article.

A new approach to the calculation of electrostatic energy relations in minerals: the dioctahedral and trioctahedral phyllosillicates

1979 ◽  
Vol 293 (1401) ◽  
pp. 169-208 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Time ◽  
Quadratic Functions ◽  
Electrostatic Energy ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Considerable Saving ◽  
Lattice Energies ◽  
Energy Relations ◽  
Made In

This paper presents an original and useful method for calculating and comparing the electrostatic component of the lattice energies of families of related, complex structures. The methodology and use of hypothetical, tractable steps in passing from one structure to another can be extended to families of crystal structures other than the phyllosilicates. Calculations made on a single ‘generic’ silicate, KX 2 X'T 4 O 10 (OH) 2 , enables us to obtain the lattice energies of 1M aluminium mica, phlogopite, talc, pyrophyllite, saponite, beidellite, illite, montmorillonite and hectorite and their fluorinated analogues. Site potentials are readily obtained when calculations are made in this manner. Considerable saving of computer time and effort coupled with little sacrifice of accuracy are a feature of this approach. The paper further goes on to suggest how comparison of this type of generic calculation with the results obtained from calculations made on the true individual phyllosilicate structure can extend the potential information that can be gained from these studies. The investigation of substitutional and relaxation energies of the phyllosilicates is considered. Surface energies (shown to be quadratic functions of x for micas derived from the structure A X X 2 X'T 4 O 10 (OH) 2 , (A = Na or K)) are calculated on the same principle, from, in this case, a ‘generic’ expanded lattice. The transferability principle introduced in this work enables us to make specific predictions regarding minerals for which single crystal X-ray diffraction studies are impractical. We attempt wherever possible an interpretation of the energies we calculate.

A First Approach to the Cost of a Basic Social Benefit

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noemi Peña-Miguel ◽  
J Iñaki De La Peña Esteban ◽  
Ana Fernandez-Sainz
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Quantile Regression ◽  
Social Benefit ◽  
Financial Cost ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Lump Sum ◽  
The Social ◽  
Assistance Service ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Made In

AbstractThe Social Security System in Spain is significantly broader and more complex than in other EU countries. One of its problems is that it was not created as a single whole. Instead of this, there are different kinds of social assistance service depending on the region, so there is a real need to reduce the complexity of these schemes and homogenise the benefits paid out in a general basic social benefit. In this paper we propose a new approach to universal basic protection benefit (called Basic Social Benefit) as a way of unifying and rationalising the different grants and economic aids currently available in Spain in order to cover the basic needs of all citizens. This is the first study made in Spain in calculating the lump sum of a basic social benefit for the whole population. For this, we use Quantile Regression (QR) to calculate the principal variables that explain the minimum vital expenditures of Spanish citizens. We also show the total financial cost of this measure for Spain in 2010 and a projection of the cost for the next 12 years.

Gerardus Joannes Vossius (1577–1649) and the study of Latin grammar

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 109-128
Author(s):  
Cornelis S. M. Rademaker
Keyword(s):  
17Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Port Royal ◽  
Latin Language ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Complete Survey ◽  
Humanist Tradition ◽  
The One ◽  
Made In

Summary Gerardus Joannes Vossius (1577–1649) published his De arte grammatica libri septem in 1635. From the second edition in 1662 the work became known as Vossius’s Aristarchus. This important Latin grammar of Vossius, and also his other publications devoted to Latin, have their particular place in the evolution of grammatical studies in the 17th century. Vossius’s works were used in the first place because in them he had given a complete survey and systematization of all the scholarly information concerning Latin existing up to his own days. Neoscholastic Aristotelism was the philosophical basis of his treatment with Latin language and grammar. However, we find at the same time in Vossius’s work sometimes hints at a new approach to the study of Latin grammar. He followed in many respects the new directions pointed out by men like Scaliger and Sanctius. Thus, on the one hand, Vossius stood in the Humanist tradition of his day while, on the other, his work could be used profitably also by the Port-Royal grammarians and other philologist of the late 17th and 18th centuries. Following an appraisal of Vossius’s place in the Humanist tradition and of the contribution he made in his Aristarchus, the paper deals at some length with the analogy principle as used by Vossius and his successors. It concludes with sections on the evolution of grammatical ideas in the 17th and early 18th centuries marked especially by the tradition associated with the works of Sanctius, Vossius, and Port-Royal.

scholarly journals Efficient Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis by Degradable LPCE Nano-Conjugate-Delivered p65 siRNA

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Xiaohua Chen ◽  
Bailing Zhou ◽  
Yan Gao ◽  
Kaiyu Wang ◽  
Jieping Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Interfering Rna ◽  
Light Chain Enhancer ◽  
Made In

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most common autoimmune diseases worldwide, causing severe cartilage damage and disability. Despite the recent progress made in RA treatment, limitations remain in achieving early and efficient therapeutic intervention. Advanced therapeutic strategies are in high demand, and siRNA-based therapeutic technology with a gene-silencing ability represents a new approach for RA treatment. In this study, we created a cationic delivery micelle consisting of low-molecular-weight (LMW) polyethylenimine (PEI)–cholesterol–polyethylene glycol (PEG) (LPCE) for small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based RA gene therapy. The carrier is based on LMW PEI and modified with cholesterol and PEG. With these two modifications, the LPCE micelle becomes multifunctional, and it efficiently delivered siRNA to macrophages with a high efficiency greater than 70%. The synthesized LPCE exhibits strong siRNA protection ability and high safety. By delivering nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) p65 siRNA, the p65 siRNA/LPCE complex efficiently inhibited macrophage-based cytokine release in vitro. Local administration of the p65 siRNA/LPCE complex exhibited a fast and potent anti-inflammatory effect against RA in a mouse model. According to the results of this study, the functionalized LPCE micelle that we prepared has potential gene therapeutic implications for RA.

scholarly journals PEMAKNAAN RUANG TERBUKA PUBLIK TAMAN NOSTALGIA KOTA KUPANG

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Yoseph Liem ◽  
Reginaldo Christophori Lake
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Open Space ◽  
City Center ◽  
Public Park ◽  
Public Open Space ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The City ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Initial Concept ◽  
Made In

Taman Nostalgia Kota Kupang menjadi salah satu ciri kota Kupang sebagai satu-satunya taman yang cukup representatif di kawasan Kota Kupang. Namun jiwa tempat merupakan kekuatan nonfisik yang mampu membentuk kesan dalam kota. Apakah taman Nostalgia berhasil memberi makna sebagaimana konsep awal perencanaan dan pembangunannya guna membawa manfaat yang luas bagi Kota Kupang dan warganya. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pemanfaatan taman Nostalgia sebagai ruang publik dan bagaimana maknanya bagi warga kota. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Pengamatan dilakukan diruang taman pada waktu-waktu yang telah ditentukan untuk mendapatkan gambaran pola pemanfaatannya. Adapun hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan ruang terbuka publik taman Nostalgia masih belum maksimal sesuai konsep awal, dimana tujuan pemanfaatan taman pada skala yang lebih besar belum tercapai ditandai dengan belum berhasilnya upaya menjadikan taman sebagai paru-paru kota/hutan kota dan belum memberi makna yang demokratis bagi pengunjung taman sebagai ruang terbuka publik yang bebas dan bisa diakses oleh semua warga terutama oleh pengunjung lanjut usia dan balita.Kata kunci: pemaknaan, ruang terbuka publik, taman nostalgia Title: The Meaning of Public Space of Kupang City Nostalgia Park Kupang City Nostalgia Park became one of the characteristics of the city where the park is located in the city center and became the only representative representative park in the city of Kupang. But the soul is unreliable. Is Nostalgic Park able to give meaning to the initial concept of planning and development in order to provide broad benefits for the city of Kupang and its citizens. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to know the extent to which Nostalgia parks as a public space and how its meaning for the citizens of the city. This research was conducted by qualitative descriptive method. Observations were made in the park room at predetermined times to get an overview of the utilization pattern. The results show that the utilization of open space Nostalgia public park is still not maximized according to the initial concept, where the purpose of utilization of the park on a larger scale has not been integrated with the unsuccessful efforts to make the park as the lung of the city / forest city and has not given a democratic meaning to visitors park as a public open space that can be accessed by the visitors. Keywords: meaning, public open space, Nostalgia park

scholarly journals Risk as Challenge: A Dual System Stochastic Model for Binary Choice Behavior

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Shye ◽  
Ido Haber
Keyword(s):  
Loss Aversion ◽  
Choice Behavior ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Reflection Effect ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Decision Under Risk ◽  
Central Hypothesis ◽  
Psychological Models ◽  
Made In

Challenge Theory (CT) is a new approach to decision under risk that departs significantly from expected utility, and is based firmly on psychological, rather than economic, assumptions. The paper demonstrates that a purely cognitive-psychological paradigm for decision under risk can yield excellent predictions, comparable to those attained by more complex economic or psychological models that remain attached to conventional economic constructs and assumptions. The study presents a new model for predicting the popularity of choices made in binary risk problems.A CT-based regression model is tested on data gathered from 126 respondents who indicated their preferences with respect to 44 choice problems. Results support CT's central hypothesis, strongly associating between the Challenge Index (CI) attributable to every binary risk problem, and the observed popularity of the bold prospect in that problem (with r=-0.92 and r=-0.93 for gains and for losses, respectively). The novelty of the CT perspective as a new paradigm is illuminated by its simple, single-index (CI) representation of psychological effects proposed by Prospect Theory for describing choice behavior (certainty effect, reflection effect, overweighting small probabilities and loss aversion).

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