scholarly journals Reclaiming Education for Health. One Health as an Emerging Paradigm in Response to COVID-19 and other Anomalies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naina Goel ◽  
Ana Barbosa Mendes ◽  
Anne Snick
Keyword(s):  
One Health ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Systemic Approach ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Disciplinary Boundaries ◽  
Systemic Analysis ◽  
Mechanistic Worldview ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
The One ◽  
The University

The One Health approach reveals a growing awareness that human health is interdependent with the health of all living beings and therefore requires keeping the entire planetary ecosystem healthy. The COVID-19 crisis has made this interconnection undeniable: by intruding into wild ecosystems, driven by the combined pressures of population growth and extractive economics, the risk of zoonotic diseases for which human immune systems and health care facilities are unprepared has drastically increased; the tremendous impact of this unrestrained colonization of nature is now clear worldwide. One Health has emerged in response to the increasing complexity of health issues. It states that to guarantee the health of humans, considering the health of other-than-human beings is crucial. Various related disciplines should collaborate to face the current health challenges. Despite this growing demand for a more systemic approach, health institutions and professionals appear slow in embracing it; at best, they take a narrow approach to One Health, limited to interactions between domestic animals and humans. This article proposes a systemic analysis that explains this slow uptake of One Health. It explores lock-ins in epistemological and pedagogical patterns, focusing on the university as the site where these are (re)produced. Universities emerged during the Enlightenment when technical discoveries encouraged a mechanistic worldview and a separatist approach to knowledge. The structuring of academia in separate faculties reflects this worldview and paradigm. Even if the issues the planet is facing have become much more complex, universities have not significantly changed their underlying concepts and practices of research and education. In order for professionals to adopt a more systemic approach to health, they need to unlearn this separatist worldview, transcend the disciplinary boundaries, and familiarize themselves with a ‘relational’ paradigm. The article describes a concrete example of a learning programme that is learner-driven and fosters transdisciplinary learning. Two vignettes presented by Ph.D. researchers illustrate the analysis and the response proposed here. The text concludes by proposing leverages needed to unleash the potential of this kind of transdisciplinary learning about health.

Library - Lab - Research

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 185-188
Author(s):  
Tabea Lurk
Keyword(s):  
Information Service ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Research Knowledge ◽  
Art And Design ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Work Cycle ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
The One ◽  
The University

The Mediathek of the Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz Basel (FHNW) is a remarkable place. It's shaped, on the one hand, by the demands it must meet in functioning as the central information hub of the Faculty of Art and Design (Hochschule für Gestaltung und Kunst - HGK). On the other hand its exposed location on the Campus der Künste (art campus) and its specific spatial plan determine the everyday work. Positioned between research and education, the Mediathek HGK functions as an intermediary, with the character of a laboratory: it provides access to important knowledge bases and makes content available in a way which enables experimental, creative and yet also systematic forms of research. Knowledge, in the sense of classified information, becomes a resource and raw material for the arts and design. New, digital contents must be made as available and accessible as archived (post-research) or historical material. A creative work cycle is enabled, which continually questions, implements, refines and forgets materials and resources.1Both the dynamic agility of the university itself and the focus on always questioning the adequacy, timeliness, relevance, potential, etc. of the theme of information service, results in continuous developments at the Mediathek (bibliotheca semper reformanda est).

scholarly journals One Health Evaluation: A Case Study at the University of Bologna

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Aragrande ◽  
Massimo Canali ◽  
Mariana Roccaro ◽  
Elisabetta Ferraro ◽  
Alessandra Bonoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
One Health ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Human Interface ◽  
Quantitative Metrics ◽  
Health Initiatives ◽  
The One ◽  
The University

The level of One Health (OH), or “One Health-ness,” of health interventions has been defined as the capacity to operate according to six dimensions concerning OH operations and OH infrastructures, respectively (thinking, planning, and working; and information sharing, reciprocal learning, and systemic organization). Although health initiatives and research increasingly claim their orientation toward OH, such a capacity is rarely assessed. The objective of this study is to evaluate the One Health-ness of the academic team of the University of Bologna (UNIBO Team) working in the “ELEPHANT” project (Empowering universities' Learning and rEsearch caPacities in the one Health Approach for the maNagement of animals at the wildlife, livestock and human interface in SouTh Africa). This project involves universities, six from South Africa and two from Europe, and aims at embedding OH in research and learning to enable the control of diseases at the human, animal, and environmental interface, and to emphasize the interests of local African communities with wildlife conservation. The methodology adopts the NEOH method, developed in 2018 by the EU-COST Action, “Network for the Evaluation of One Health.” The approach is based on questionnaires delivered to participants, which focus on the six OH dimensions, and then translate answers into quantitative metrics through the OH Index (OHI) and the OH Ratio (OHR). The following two evaluation levels are foreseen: the whole project and the single partner institutions. The evaluations are carried on in parallel, with preliminary, mid-term, and final assessments, to monitor the efficacy of the project actions. The preliminary evaluation of the UNIBO Team resulted in the OHI of 0.23 and the OHR of 1.69 which indicate a low degree of OH-ness and an imbalance between OH operation and OH infrastructure. The UNIBO case study will be the baseline for the evaluation of the other partner institutions involved in the ELEPHANT project. This type of evaluation can support the implementation of OH practices inside a project and underpin the strategies that allow to achieving more effective results. Any improvement in the OH-ness of each single academic team can be also considered as a result of the ELEPHANT project, thus showing its multiplier effect in the context.

scholarly journals Development of a curriculum for training in One Health analytical epidemiology at the University of Zambia

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Muma ◽  
Martin Simuunza ◽  
K. Mwachalimba ◽  
M. Munyeme ◽  
B. Namangala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
One Health ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
London School ◽  
Human Interface ◽  
The One ◽  
The University

Recently, the world has witnessed emergence of novel diseases such as avian influenza, HIV and AIDS, West Nile Virus and Ebola. The evolution of these pathogens has been facilitated mainly by a constantly evolving animal-human interface. Whilst infectious disease control was previously conceptualised as either public health or animal health related issues, the distinction between disciplinary foci have been blurred by multiple causal factors that clearly traverse traditional disciplinary divides. These multiple evolutionary pressures have included changes in land use, ecosystems, human-livestock-wildlife interactions and antibiotic use, representing novel routes for pathogen emergence. With the growing realisation that pathogens do not respect traditional epistemological divides, the ‘One Health’ initiative has emerged to advocate for closer collaboration across the health disciplines and has provided a new agenda for health education. Against this background, the One Health Analytical Epidemiology course was developed under the auspices of the Southern African Centre for Infectious Diseases Surveillance by staff from the University of Zambia with collaborators from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and the Royal Veterinary College in London. The course is aimed at equipping scientists with multidisciplinary skill sets to match the contemporary challenges of human, animal and zoonotic disease prevention and control. Epidemiology is an important discipline for both public and animal health. Therefore, this two-year programme has been developed to generate a cadre of epidemiologists with a broad understanding of disease control and prevention and will be able to conceptualise and design holistic programs for informing health and disease control policy decisions.

scholarly journals One Health (r)Evolution: Learning from the Past to Build a New Future

Viruses ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Capua ◽  
Giovanni Cattoli
Keyword(s):  
One Health ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Past ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Health Concept ◽  
The One ◽  
Evolution Learning

The One Health concept recognizes that the health of human beings, animals, plants and the environment is interconnected and interdependent. This idea has been shaped over the centuries and has gained momentum and traction as anatomy, physiology, microbiology and other disciplines have substantiated earlier theories. Here we recall major historical milestones which have contributed to shaping the One Health concept as it is today, and discuss the past and future drivers in view of future challenges in an evolving scenario.

scholarly journals “Human beings are first and foremost resonant beings”

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-129
Author(s):  
Diogo Silva Corrêa ◽  
Gabriel Peters ◽  
João Lucas Tziminadis
Keyword(s):  
Critical Element ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Late Modernity ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Social Structural ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
Individual Self ◽  
The University ◽  
Existential Sociology

Hartmut Rosa is a Professor of Sociology at the University of Jena, and one of the most original and prolific critical social theorists of our time. The connections between the theoretical and substantive concerns of Rosa’s work, on the one hand, and the analytical purposes of this issue of Civitas dedicated to “existential sociology”, on the other, are manifold. Rosa’s arguments on how acceleration as a social-structural trend of late modernity throws light upon intimate dilemmas of individual self-identity, for instance, could certainly be interpreted as (existential) sociological imagination at its best. The same goes for Rosa’s subtlety and ingenuity in capturing human modes of relating to the world in his theory of resonance, which apprehends the intermingling of bodily, affective, evaluative and cognitive dimensions in a manner that could be deemed “existential” - in a broad and original sense of the word - as broad and original is also the conception of the “critical” element in his “critical theory” of late modernity. For these reasons, we are very pleased to include the following interview in this issue of Civitas.

The One Health Leadership Experience at the University of Saskatchewan, Canada

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabienne D. Uehlinger ◽  
Douglas A. Freeman ◽  
Cheryl L. Waldner
Keyword(s):  
One Health ◽  
Health Leadership ◽  
Leadership Experience ◽  
The One ◽  
The University

scholarly journals From the One Health Perspective: Schistosomiasis Japonica and Flooding

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1538
Author(s):  
Su-Ying Guo ◽  
Lu Li ◽  
Li-Juan Zhang ◽  
Yin-Long Li ◽  
Shi-Zhu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
One Health ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Schistosomiasis Japonica ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Adverse Impacts ◽  
Water Conservancy ◽  
The One

Schistosomiasis is a water-borne parasitic disease distributed worldwide, while schistosomiasis japonica localizes in the People’s Republic of China, the Philippines, and a few regions of Indonesia. Although significant achievements have been obtained in these endemic countries, great challenges still exist to reach the elimination of schistosomiasis japonica, as the occurrence of flooding can lead to several adverse consequences on the prevalence of schistosomiasis. This review summarizes the influence of flooding on the transmission of schistosomiasis japonica and interventions responding to the adverse impacts from the One Health perspective in human beings, animals, and the environment. For human and animals, behavioral changes and the damage of water conservancy and sanitary facilities will increase the intensity of water contact. For the environment, the density of Oncomelania snails significantly increases from the third year after flooding, and the snail habitats can be enlarged due to active and passive diffusion. With more water contact of human and other reservoir hosts, and larger snail habitats with higher density of living snails, the transmission risk of schistosomiasis increases under the influence of flooding. With the agenda set for global schistosomiasis elimination, interventions from the One Health perspective are put forward to respond to the impacts of increased flooding. For human beings, conducting health education to increase the consciousness of self-protection, preventive chemotherapy for high-risk populations, supply of safe water, early case finding, timely reporting, and treating cases will protect people from infection and prevent the outbreak of schistosomiasis. For animals, culling susceptible domestic animals, herding livestock in snail-free areas, treating livestock with infection or at high risk of infection, harmless treatment of animal feces to avoid water contamination, and monitoring the infection status of wild animals in flooding areas are important to cut off the transmission chain from the resources. For the environment, early warning of flooding, setting up warning signs and killing cercaria in risk areas during and post flooding, reconstructing damaged water conservancy facilities, developing hygiene and sanitary facilities, conducting snail surveys, using molluscicide, and predicting areas with high risk of schistosomiasis transmission after flooding all contribute to reducing the transmission risk of schistosomiasis. These strategies need the cooperation of the ministry of health, meteorological administration, water resources, agriculture, and forestry to achieve the goal of minimizing the impact of flooding on the transmission of schistosomiasis. In conclusion, flooding is one of the important factors affecting the transmission of schistosomiasis japonica. Multi-sectoral cooperation is needed to effectively prevent and control the adverse impacts of flooding on human beings, animals, and the environment.

Fundamental Research into Thin Films in a Developing Country

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 500-501
Author(s):  
J.A. Eades ◽  
E. Grünbaum
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Empirical Process ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Film Research ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
Controlled Deposition ◽  
The One ◽  
The University

In the last decade and a half, thin film research, particularly research into problems associated with epitaxy, has developed from a simple empirical process of determining the conditions for epitaxy into a complex analytical and experimental study of the nucleation and growth process on the one hand and a technology of very great importance on the other. During this period the thin films group of the University of Chile has studied the epitaxy of metals on metal and insulating substrates. The development of the group, one of the first research groups in physics to be established in the country, has parallelled the increasing complexity of the field.The elaborate techniques and equipment now needed for research into thin films may be illustrated by considering the plant and facilities of this group as characteristic of a good system for the controlled deposition and study of thin films.

FloRunTM ‘331’ Peanut Variety

EDIS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry L. Tillman
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
High Oleic ◽  
Central Stem ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
The University ◽  
High Yield Potential

FloRunTM ‘331’ peanut variety was developed by the University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, North Florida Research and Education Center near Marianna, Florida.  It was released in 2016 because it combines high yield potential with excellent disease tolerance. FloRunTM ‘331’ has a typical runner growth habit with a semi-prominent central stem and medium green foliage.  It has medium runner seed size with high oleic oil chemistry.

36. Practicing medicine and music II: Ophthalmology and music

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
L. P. Hwi ◽  
J. W. Ting
Keyword(s):  
Chamber Music ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Johann Sebastian Bach ◽  
Active Member ◽  
Active Researcher ◽  
Silver Medal ◽  
Medical Career ◽  
The One ◽  
The University ◽  
Over 40 Years

Cecil Cameron Ewing (1925-2006) was a lecturer and head of ophthalmology at the University of Saskatchewan. Throughout his Canadian career, he was an active researcher who published several articles on retinoschisis and was the editor of the Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology. For his contributions to Canadian ophthalmology, the Canadian Ophthalmological Society awarded Ewing a silver medal. Throughout his celebrated medical career, Ewing maintained his passion for music. His love for music led him to be an active member in choir, orchestra, opera and chamber music in which he sang and played the piano, violin and viola. He was also the director of the American Liszt Society and a member for over 40 years. The connection between music and ophthalmology exists as early as the 18th Century. John Taylor (1703-1772) was an English surgeon who specialized in eye diseases. On the one hand, Taylor was a scientist who contributed to ophthalmology by publishing books on ocular physiology and diseases, and by advancing theories of strabismus. On the other hand, Taylor was a charlatan who traveled throughout Europe and blinded many patients with his surgeries. Taylor’s connection to music was through his surgeries on two of the most famous Baroque composers: Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) and George Frederick Handel (1685-1759). Bach had a painful eye disorder and after two surgeries by Taylor, Bach was blind. Handel had poor or absent vision prior to Taylor’s surgery, and his vision did not improve after surgery. The connection between ophthalmology and music spans over three centuries from the surgeries of Taylor to the musical passion of Ewing. Ewing E. Cecil Cameron Ewing. BMJ 2006; 332(7552):1278. Jackson DM. Bach, Handel, and the Chevalier Taylor. Med Hist 1968; 12(4):385-93. Zegers RH. The Eyes of Johann Sebastian Bach. Arch Ophthalmol 2005; 123(10):1427-30.

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