scholarly journals PILOT PROJECT: A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE CONTROL OF FERTILITY IN A POPULATION SAMPLE OF RED DEER FROM EL MONTE DE EL PARDO (SPAIN).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jara Gutierrez ◽  
Javier de Miguel
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Population Control ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Immunocontraceptive Vaccine

Context. The present study aims to promote fertility control as a non-lethal means of managing wild animal populations, specifically red deer (Cervus elaphus) in a region of Spain. The control of fertility in cervids through the use of long-acting contraceptives or other sterilization approaches has been advocated as a reasonable tool in the face of the challenges posed by overpopulation, especially in areas close to urban spaces. Among the contraceptive methods known to date, immunocontraception appears to be the most effective and favorable methodology with respect to the welfare of the animals.Aims: This action plan proposes the use of a single dose injectable immunocontraceptive vaccine (GonaConTM Immunocontraceptive Vaccine) in red deer that inhabit Monte de El Pardo, accompanied by a follow-up study to determine: (1) determine the effectiveness of the GonaConTM vaccine over 3 years in the prevention of pregnancy, (2) determine the possible secondary effects (contraindications), (3) identify any weaknesses and drawbacks of the treatment and (4) propose improvements and future perspectives. As far as we know, it would be the first to establish theoretical bases for the first use of this vaccine in wild red deer in Spain.Methods: The vaccine will be injected into a total of 200 wild female reed deer of reproductive age in Monte de El Pardo. The control group will consist of 50 females who will not be vaccinated but will be evaluated in the same way. The treated individuals in the study will be marked and identified, and follow-up will be carried out for a period of 3 years. The effectiveness of GonaConTM will be quantified by measuring physiological and ethological parameters (behavioral observations). These data will be compared with the results of the control group.Key results. We expect to achieve an average inhibition of reproductive production of more than 80% over the three year period, and it is hoped that in the first year the effectiveness will reach 90-100%, without notable detrimental effects on the physiology or behavior of the individuals in relation to the control group. Similarly, no significant differences are expected between the results from the non-reproductive behavior of the treated deer and that of the control group, in individuals between the start of vaccination and 12 months later (Quy et al. 2014), in the subsequent sampling throughout the 3 years of the study. It is expected that the deer treated with GonaConTM will exhibit a secretion response of sufficient anti-GnRH antibodies to achieve an inhibition in their reproductive behavior and physiology and, therefore, in their fertility (of at least 80% average effectiveness over the 3 years).Implications. The development of this method of population control is essential in urban and suburban areas, where lethal control, by poisoning or capture compromises animal welfare, in addition to the potential risk for the human population. It is expected that stability in the number of deer present in Monte de El Pardo will reduce potential threats that derive directly from collisions with vehicles and transmission of diseases. We suggest that a greater effort to develop less invasive and non-lethal population control modalities is justifiable.

scholarly journals Anti-adhesion Gel versus No gel following Operative Hysteroscopy prior to Subsequent fertility Treatment or timed InterCourse (AGNOHSTIC), a randomised controlled trial: protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S van Wessel ◽  
T Hamerlynck ◽  
V Schutyser ◽  
C Tomassetti ◽  
C Wyns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Live Birth ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Fertility Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Operative Hysteroscopy ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Abstract STUDY QUESTIONS Does the application of anti-adhesion gel, compared to no gel, following operative hysteroscopy to treat intrauterine pathology in women wishing to conceive increase the chance of conception leading to live birth? WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Intrauterine adhesions (IUAs) following operative hysteroscopy may impair reproductive success in women of reproductive age. Anti-adhesion barrier gels may decrease the occurrence of IUAs, but the evidence on their effectiveness to improve reproductive outcomes is sparse and of low quality. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This multicentre, parallel group, superiority, blinded and pragmatic randomised controlled trial is being carried out in seven participating centres in Belgium. Recruitment started in April 2019. Women will be randomly allocated to treatment with anti-adhesion gel (intervention group) or no gel (control group). Sterile ultrasound gel will be applied into the vagina as a mock-procedure in both treatment arms. The patient, fertility physician and gynaecologist performing the second-look hysteroscopy are unaware of the allocated treatment. Power analysis, based on a target improvement of 15% in conception leading to live birth using anti-adhesion gel, a power of 85%, a significance level of 5%, and a drop-out rate of 10%, yielded a number of 444 patients to be randomised. The baseline rate of conception leading to live birth in the control group is expected to be 45%. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Women of reproductive age (18–47 years), wishing to conceive (spontaneously or by fertility treatment) and scheduled for operative hysteroscopy to treat intrauterine pathology (endometrial polyps, myomas with uterine cavity deformation, uterine septa, IUAs or retained products of conception) are eligible for recruitment. Women may try to conceive from 3 to 6 weeks after receiving allocated treatment with follow-up ending at 30 weeks after treatment. If the woman fails to conceive within this timeframe, a second-look hysteroscopy will be scheduled within 2–6 weeks to check for IUAs. The primary endpoint is conception leading to live birth, measured at 30 weeks after randomisation. The secondary endpoints are time to conception, clinical pregnancy, miscarriage and ectopic pregnancy rates, measured at 30 weeks after receiving allocated treatment. The long-term follow-up starts when the patient is pregnant and she will be contacted every trimester. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work is funded by the Belgian Healthcare Knowledge Centre (KCE). The anti-adhesion gel is supplied at no cost by Nordic Pharma and without conditions. Dr. Tomassetti reports grants and non-financial support from Merck SA, non-financial support from Ferring SA, personal fees and non-financial support from Gedeon-Richter, outside the submitted work. None of the other authors have a conflict of interest.

scholarly journals Studies on Serum Total Cholesterol, in Second and Third Trimester of Pregnancy

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Husain ◽  
SA Latif ◽  
MM Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Total Cholesterol ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Unpaired Student

Study was carried out in the department of physiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh, Bangladesh during the period of July 2006 to June 2007 to investigate the effect of pregnancy on serum total cholesterol. The serum concentrations of total cholesterol was measured in 100 cases of 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy and in a control group of 100 cases of non pregnant women which was matched on reproductive age. Data were analyzed by computer with SPSS program using unpaired student‘t’ test. The results showed that the pregnant women had significantly higher concentrations of serum total cholesterol. Higher concentration of total cholesterol was more common in pregnant than control and reaching maximum at 3rd trimester of pregnancy. This may be a purely physiological response to pregnancy or it may be indicative of pathology in some women. These results deserve a follow up study to investigative whether the hypercholesterolemia persists after parturition. Key Words: Total cholesterol, pregnancy, parturition, hypercholesterolemia J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2006 Dec;(1):1-4.

scholarly journals Long-term attitude towards follow-up colposcopy in women of reproductive age after excisional treatment for cervical dysplasia

2019 ◽  
Vol 147 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 321-326
Author(s):  
Radmila Sparic ◽  
Dimitrios Papoutsis ◽  
Svetlana Spremovic-Radjenovic ◽  
Sasa Kadija ◽  
Zoran Bukumiric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Cervical Dysplasia ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age

Introduction/Objective. Very little is known about the factors influencing women?s attitude towards colposcopy follow-up after cervical treatment. The aim of the study was to investigate the long-term attitude to follow-up colposcopy in women of reproductive age after cervical excision and to evaluate if their attitude was related to their anxiety and depression levels. Methods. Women treated with cervical excision were interviewed after a follow-up colposcopy visit. Their socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were recorded. All women filled in the Beck?s anxiety and depression inventory. Results. A total of 160 women were divided into the study group of 42 (26.3%) women who felt discomfort during follow-up colposcopy and the control group of 118 (73.7%) women who did not report such feelings. The mean age of the total sample was 35.3 ? 5.4 years with median time after treatment being five years (range: 2?18). Women in the study group had a significantly lower BMI values, had higher rates of nulliparity and nulligravidity, were more often single or living alone, and had significantly changed their attitude towards condom use after treatment. Beck?s anxiety and depression scores were significantly higher in the study group. Multivariate analysis showed that independent predictors of discomfort during follow-up colposcopy were anxiety levels (OR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1?1.12), living alone or without a partner (OR: 2.65; 95% CI: 1.08?6.55), and the change in their practice of condom use after treatment (OR: 2.69; 95% CI: 1.02?7.07). Conclusion. Almost one third of women after excisional treatment reported discomfort during their follow-up colposcopy. These women exhibited higher levels of anxiety.

Efficacy of Chinese Children's Asthma Action Plan in the management of children with asthma

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. e3-e10
Author(s):  
Kang Zhu ◽  
Li Xiang ◽  
Kunling Shen
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Asthma Control ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Asthma Care ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Asthma Action Plan

Background: Abundant evidence has proven the effectiveness of following an asthma action plan for children. China released its first children's asthma action plan in 2017 to improve asthma control. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of the Chinese Children's Asthma Action Plan (CCAAP) in the management of children with asthma. Methods: Children with persistent asthma (6‐14 years old) at 10 tertiary hospitals were randomized to receive either CCAAP instructions (intervention group, n = 87) or no plan (control group, n = 86) in addition to the usual asthma care, including education, stepwise asthma therapy, and regular outpatient follow-up. Children were followed up by using a serial measurement of outcomes over the course of 3 months. Results: CCAAP instructions did not have a significant effect on any of outcomes compared with the intervention group: (1) variables related to asthma exacerbation, including the number of patients (p = 0.09), symptomatic days (p = 0.658), severity, medication (courses of reliever, p = 0.696; combined rhinitis medication, p = 0.081; combined oral antibiotics, p = 0.852), missed work days (p = 0.538) or school days (p = 0.441), and economic costs (p = 0.898); (2) asthma control (p = 0.180); or (3) pulmonary function parameters during the follow-up period. Both groups showed significant improvement in asthma control (both p < 0.001) and pulmonary function (p < 0.017) from baseline to the 3-month follow-up. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that provision of CCAAP may play a useful role in the management of children with asthma, but there were no greater benefits than usual asthma care. We need to plan a larger appropriately powered study.

Audio Stories as Incidental Language Teachers

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ute Ritterfeld ◽  
Timo Lüke
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Migrant Families ◽  
Populations At Risk ◽  
Grammatical Skills ◽  
Entertainment Value

Abstract. Audio stories offer a unique blend of narrative entertainment with language learning opportunities as a user’s enjoyment is dependent on their processing of the linguistic content. A total of 138 third- and fourth-graders from low socioeconomic status and migrant families recruited from a metropolitan area in Germany participated in a randomized pre–post follow-up intervention study with a control group. Children listened to a tailored crime story of approximately 90 min over a period of 3 days within the classroom setting. Entertainment value for the age group was established in a pilot study. Outcome variables included semantic and grammatical skills in German and were administered before (pretest), shortly after intervention (posttest), and 2 weeks later (follow-up). We used nonverbal intelligence, reading, comprehension skills, age and sex as control variables. Results indicate a strong positive effect of media reception on language skills. The effectiveness of the intervention is discussed with reference to different linguistic domains, entertainment value, and compensatory effects in populations at risk of language learning deficits.

Features of the cervix uteri in women of reproductive age with endometrial polyps and micropolyps

2016 ◽  
pp. 108-111
Author(s):  
T.F. Tatarchuk ◽  
◽  
D.G. German ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cervix Uteri ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Endometrial Polyps ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Aggressive Form ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Control Group Group

The article presents the comparative analysis of the state of the cervix in women with endometrial polyps and micropolyps. Patients and methods. The study involved 130 patients aged 18-35 years: 70 patients with endometrial polyps (group I), 30 patients with micropolyps (group II) and 30 patients of the control group (group III). Results. According to the anamnesis of women in the I group were significantly more frequent diseases of the cervix, which corrected physical surgery methods, in particular cryodestruction. In group II, the representatives of these indicators were similar to healthy. Normal colposcopic picture met significantly less frequently in patients and I, and II group. The differences in the incidence of HPV high oncogenic risk in all groups were not statistically significant. Conclusion. Destructive methods used in the detection of any changes in the cervix are often overly aggressive, form scars and contributing to inflamaciones process. In the chain of events leading to the formation of PE, cervical pathology and its correction can take the basic place. Key words: endometrial polyp, micropolyps, chronic endometritis, uterine cervix, colposcopy.

The effect of probiotics on the level of immunoglobulin A in women with violation of the biocenosis of the vagina

2017 ◽  
pp. 85-88
Author(s):  
O.I. Ostapenko ◽  
◽  
V.P. Kvashenko ◽  
I.K. Akimova ◽  
I.N. Nosova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Test System ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Local Action ◽  
Serum Immunoglobulin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Local Immunity ◽  
Serum Iga

The objective: the study of immunomodulatory effects of a probiotic, which contains lyophilized Lactobacillus (Lactobacillus rhamnosus) – 13 mg (2,0ґ109 CFU) and lyophilized bifidobacteria (Bifidobacterium lactis) – 4 mg (2,0ґ109 CFU) the level of serum immunoglobulin IgA as a marker of local immunity in the plasma of women of reproductive age with the violation of the biocenosis of the vagina. Patients and methods. The study involved 86 patients of reproductive age with the violation of the vaginal biocenosis, which were divided into two groups according to received treatment. A survey was conducted for all patients in both groups: determine the level of serum IgA, measuring pH of vaginal environment and the quantification of lactobacilli and pathogenic flora with the help of test-system «Florotsenoz» before treatment and in 6 weeks after treatment. The state of vaginal microbiocenosis in both groups before treatment was homogeneous. Patients in both groups as therapy at the first stage of treatment received, if necessary antimicrobial therapy depending on the selected flora. In the second stage (restoration of microflora) patient of the main group received systemic probiotic combined with a complex prebiotic local action, patients in the control group, the probiotic localy in the form of the vaginal candles or tablets. Results. The research stated the increasing level of serum IgA in blood plasma of patients of the main group compared to control group at 20%, normalizing the pH of the vaginal environment in the main group in 94% of cases, which indicates an increase of immunity in mucosal. Conclusion. The inclusion of the systemic probiotic in the scheme of treatment of disorders of biocenosis of the vagina system enhances the increasing of immunity of the mucous membranes, and the vaginal tablets prebiotic of local action restores the own normal microflora of the vagina. Key words: serum immunoglobulin A, local immunity, vaginal dysbiosis, probiotics, prebiotics, vaginal microbiocenosis, the pH of the vaginal environment.

Modern approaches to the treatment of mastitis in women of reproductive age

2016 ◽  
pp. 191-108
Author(s):  
A.A. Sukhanova ◽  
◽  
Yu.M. Melnik ◽  
O.O. Karlova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Clinical Method ◽  
Gynecological Examination ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Observation Period

The aim of the study: to study the efficacy and safety of use Mastofemin in the treatment of various forms of mastitis in women of reproductive age. Materials and methods. The study included 62 women of reproductive age (mean age of 33.5±2.3 years) who were screened in the Kiev city center reproductive and perinatal medicine. Women were divided into 2 groups. The first (main) group consisted of 32 patients who received the proposed treatment using herbal remedies Mastofemin 1 capsule 2 times per day for 3 months; 30 patients of the second (control) group were under observation and received no treatment. These groups were representative and homogeneous on age, clinical symptoms and sonographic characteristics. The clinical method included evaluation of complaints of patients, anamnesis, presence of concomitant gynecologic pathology, inspection, palpation of the lymph nodes and the breast and obtaining a discharge from the nipples to conduct cytological examination, which allowed excluding from the study women with suspected malignancy of the process. All the patients were performed ultrasound examination of the breast. The review was supplemented with vaginal gynecological examination and ultrasound examination of small pelvis organs to assess the condition of the uterus and its appendages, the diagnosis of gynecological diseases. Results. Summarizing obtained in this study results one should stress the positive long-term effect of applying Mastofemin for the treatment of proliferative changes of the breast in women of reproductive age. This is manifested by a decrease in the intensity of clinical signs of mastitis, consistent with the results of sonographic control. Established positive dynamics in the treatment of cystic mastitis, dectective and when combined cystic mastopathy with dectective. In the control group of patients for a given observation period (6 months) no significant changes in clinical signs of mastitis and sonographic characteristics. Regression of disease has not occurred in any of the patients, in 2 patients increased sensitivity of the breast after 6 months moved to the soreness. Sonographic characteristics of mastitis during the observation period did not change. Thus, the use of Mastofemin aimed at pathogenetic treatment of mastitis and prevention of breast cancer. Conclusion. Application of Mastofemin during the treatment of mastitis in women of reproductive age significantly improves the clinical condition of patients; reduce the subjective and objective symptoms of the disease. The positive effect of the treatment with Mastofemin proved in the case of the treatment of sonographic following forms of mastitis: cystic mastopathy, cystic mastopathy with dectectasy. Mastofemin may be the drug of choice for complex conservative monotherapy in women of reproductive age with proliferative changes in the breast, and can also be used as part of complex treatment in patients with diffuse changes of the breast when combined with hyperplastic processes of the myometrium and endometrium. Keywords: mastopathy, breast gland, herbal medicine, herbal remedies, Mastofemin.

Clinical and sonological features in endometriomas in women of reproductive age

2016 ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
О. Shapoval ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Benign Tumor ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Ovarian Endometriosis ◽  
Gynecological Examination ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Ovarian Endometriomas

The objective: to study the prevalence of ovarian endometriosis in women of reproductive age, the features of clinical and ultrasound picture of endometriosis. Patients and methods. The study involved 22 patients with endometriomas, the control group – 50 women gynecological and somatically healthy. Results. The incidence of ovarian endometriomas in the structure of benign tumor-like formations of ovaries is 0.62%. In 72.73% of ovarian endometriomas occur on a background of concomitant gynecological pathology. Clinically, in 77.27% of cases there is a pain syndrome, in 59.09% – algomenorrhea, in 13.64% – infertility; 18.18% of cases endometriomas remain «dumb» and proceed with the erased clinical picture. Sonologically in patients with endometriomas adenomyosis, endometrial hyperplasia, changes in the contralateral ovary are determined. Conclusion. Without additional methods of diagnostic gynecological examination may identify the 3 cm tumor-like formation of the ovary with different characteristics, which does not allow to differentiate endometrioma from inflammation, functional and ovarian tumors. Ultrasound can diagnose pathological ovarian formation of 1 cm, detailing the nature of the cyst. Key words: endometriosis, reproductive age, retrospective analysis, ultrasound.

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