scholarly journals A RCT study of DataCite metadata completeness to quantify the benefits of metadata quality on dataset uptake and sharing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher I Hunter ◽  
Scott C Edmunds ◽  
SiZhe Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Trial Period ◽  
Randomised Controlled Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Metadata Quality ◽  
Negative Findings ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Properly describing and documenting data via rich metadata allows users to understand and track important details of the work. It is thought that richer metadata fuels discovery and innovation, increasing the discoverability and reusability of research, and eliminating duplication of effort. Researchers are told to expend effort to improve their metadata, but efforts to quantify the benefits of putting in this effort have not been carried out. With that in mind we have carried out a randomised controlled study of DataCite metadata completeness on dataset uptake and sharing. 1093 datasets were randomised and given rich vs minimal metadata, and the effect of re-use and sharing of this data was followed over a 1-year period. Analysing this data after the trial period, based on the very low rate of page-views there was no significant difference detected between the two different RCT groups. Despite the negative findings we would like to share this proof of concept and provide lessons learned for how randomised controlled trials should be carried out to quantify the benefits of FAIR data sharing.

scholarly journals Effect of Aprotinin in Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome

1986 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 390-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. V. Tuxen ◽  
J. F. Cade
Keyword(s):  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Randomised Controlled Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Seriously Ill Patients ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
And Control ◽  
Seriously Ill

The possible beneficial effect of aprotinin, a broad protease inhibitor, on the incidence and outcome of ARDS was examined in two complementary studies. In the first study, the effect of aprotinin was assessed in 147 patients admitted with multiple trauma or shock. In the 57 patients who developed ARDS, mortality was significantly less in those who had previously received aprotinin (8/20, 40%) than in those who had not (26/37, 70%). Although both treatment groups were well matched, this was a retrospective study and a second prospective, randomised, controlled study was therefore carried out. In 78 patients at risk of ARDS, there was no significant difference between treated and control patients in the incidence, duration or severity of ARDS, or in mortality or other major complications. It is concluded that aprotinin is not effective in improving any aspect of ARDS or its outcome in seriously ill patients.

scholarly journals The effect of planned training given to women with preeclamptic pregnancy on oxidative stress and anxiety levels: non-randomised controlled-study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
emel tasci ◽  
serdal ogut ◽  
mehmet özkaya
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomised Controlled Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Experimental Group

This study aimed to studying the effects of planned training given to women with preeclamptic pregnancy on stress-anxiety and oxidative stress levels. A non-randomised controlled-study study, carried out in Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinics of Research and Application Hospital of one university. In the study, 28 preeclamptic patients matching the sampling criteria were taken as the experimental group and 22 other preeclamptic patients who also match the sampling criteria constituted the control group. Questionnaire, scale application and laboratory evaluation for the control group were performed only once. In the experimental group, there is a statistically significant difference between the TAS (mmol trolox equ./L) (t = -9.71 P = 0.00) and the TOS (lmol H2O2 equ./L) (t = 6.56 P = 0.00) measurements before and after the training and there is a statistically significant difference between the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (t = 3.64 P = 0.00) before and after the training. It has been determined in the study that the planned training given to the pregnant women who received a diagnosis of preeclampsia has decreased their oxidative stress levels and state anxiety levels.

scholarly journals Evaluating Effect of Prophylactic Intravenous Dexamethasone in Post Spinal Shivering: A Single Centre Randomised Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr Chih Nie Yeoh ◽  
Dr Billy Voon ◽  
Datin Dr Siti Nidzwani Mohamad Mahdi ◽  
Dr Syarifah Noor Nazihah Sayed Masri ◽  
Associate Professor Dr Azarinah Izaham
Keyword(s):  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Spinal Anaesthesia ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Dexamethasone Group ◽  
Randomised Controlled Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Introduction: Shivering is a common side effect of central neuraxial anaesthesia. Intravenous pethidine is commonly used in reducing shivering but has been associated with significant opioid side effects. Dexamethasone as a powerful anti-inflammatory and analgesia agent is postulated to inhibit inflammatory mediators’ release thus inhibiting central thermoregulatory centre, potentially attenuating post spinal shivering.  This double-blinded randomised controlled study was to determine the ability of intravenous dexamethasone in decreasing the incidence, severity and the need for treatment for post spinal shivering. Methods: We recruited 72 patients requiring spinal anaesthesia and randomised them to receive either dexamethasone 0.1 mg/kg (up to 8 mg) or normal saline (placebo). We observed their tympanic membrane temperatures, mean arterial pressures and shivering scores at regular intervals up to 2 hours post-spinal or till end of surgery (minimum 30 minutes post spinal). Results: Both groups showed consistent and comparable drop in tympanic membrane temperatures and mean arterial pressures after spinal anaesthesia, except at 15 minutes in which patients of dexamethasone group demonstrated significantly higher temperatures than saline group (p=0.04). There were also significantly less patients in the dexamethasone group reporting incidence of visible shivering as compared to the placebo group (p=0.003). No significant difference was seen in severity of shivering or usage of pethidine. Conclusion: Dexamethasone has the potential to mitigate the reduction in core body temperature, especially at 15 minutes post spinal. It can reduce the incidence of clinically significant visible grade of shivering post spinal.

Randomised controlled study with cyproterone acetate (100 mg/die) versus Pygeum africanum (200 mg/die) in benign prostatic hypertrophy

1994 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-136
Author(s):  
M. Pavone-Macaluso ◽  
E. Alcini ◽  
A. Bono ◽  
C. Consoli ◽  
U. Jacobellis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Prostate Volume ◽  
Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy ◽  
Prostatic Hypertrophy ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Randomised Controlled Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Pygeum Africanum

A multi-centre comparative study was carried out on 143 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy and reduced or no sexual activity. 74 patients were treated with a low dose of CPA (100 mg a day) and 69 with PYG (200 mg a day), administered orally and assigned randomly. The patients were evaluated at 4,12 and 24 weeks. Results showed a significant statistical difference in favour of the CPA treatment for almost all parameters (flow, post-micturitional residue, symptomatological score). There was a decrease in prostate volume, equal to 19.3% compared to the initial values, only in those patients treated with CPA who completed the treatment. Considerable improvement in nicturia and micturitional urgency was noted in about half the patients, without a significant difference between the two groups.

Does Imagined Exposure to the Consequences of Not Ritualising Enhance Live Exposure for OCD? a Controlled Study

1995 ◽  
Vol 167 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. De Araujo ◽  
L. M. Ito ◽  
I. M. Marks ◽  
A. Deale
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Study ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Randomised Controlled Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
External Cues ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
H 30

BackgroundThis randomised controlled study tested whether adding imagined to live exposure plus ritual prevention would enhance gains in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).MethodOut-patients with OCD were randomly allocated to either have nine sessions of daily live self-exposure and ritual prevention to external cues alone (Ex) (n = 23) or to have, in addition to Ex, daily self-exposure to the imagined internal cues of the consequences of not ritualising (group Exi) (n = 23). All patients had the same sessional exposure time of 1 h 30 min (Exi 1 h live, 30 min imagined; Ex 1 h 30 min live), and had to practise either Exi or Ex daily for the same duration and to keep diaries of that self-exposure homework throughout treatment. Patients were followed up to week 32. Outcome measures were YBOCS for rituals and obsessions, compulsion checklist, target rituals and obsession, general anxiety, depression (Beck, Hamilton), work and social disability, clinical global impression (CGI).ResultsAt weeks 4, 9, 20 and 32 the two groups improved similarly with no significant difference between them, neither for washers nor for checkers. Imagined exposure was more difficult to do than live exposure and there were more drop-outs.ConclusionsDaily imagined exposure to internal cues did not enhance exposure to external cues. Perhaps longer imagined exposure would have been more enhancing.

scholarly journals 927 Efficacy of Surgical Helmet Systems for Protection Against COVID-19: A Double-Blinded Randomised Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Erotocritou ◽  
G Schaller ◽  
S Nayar ◽  
A Overton ◽  
T Stelzhammer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Randomised Controlled Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
Additional Protection ◽  
Fit Testing ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Respiratory Droplets

Abstract Introduction This study assesses whether sterile surgical helmet systems (SSHS) provide additional protection from aerosol pathogens alongside protecting against splash. There has been debate on whether to use such systems in orthopaedic surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method Thirty-five participants were enrolled in a double-blinded randomised controlled study investigating efficacy of the Stryker Flyte Surgical Helmet (Stryker Corporation, Kalamazoo, MI, USA) as protection against respiratory droplets. Wearing the SSHS in a fit testing hood, subjects were randomised to nebulised saccharin solution or placebo. Twenty were allocated to the saccharin group with 15 to placebo. Positive sweet taste represented test failure. Taste tests were performed with the helmet fan turned on and off. Results SSHS did not prevent saccharin taste (p < 0.0001). Within the saccharin cohort, 40% recorded a positive taste with the fan on and 100% with the fan off. There was a statistically significant difference in mean time-to-taste saccharin (p = 0.049) comparing fan on (123.5 s) vs. off (62.6 s). Conclusions SSHS do not protect against aerosol particulate and therefore are not efficacious in protection against COVID-19. The fan system employed may even increase risk by drawing in particulates and delaying recognition of intraoperative cues that point to respirator mask leak.

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