Too WEIRD, Too Fast: Preprints about COVID-19 in the Psychological Sciences

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arathy Puthillam
Keyword(s):  
Overwhelming Majority ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Psychological Studies

That American and European participants are overrepresented in psychological studies has been previously established. In addition, researchers also often tend to be similarly homogenous. This continues to be alarming, especially given that this research is being used to inform policies across the world. In the face of a global pandemic where behavioral scientists propose solutions, we ask who is conducting research and on what samples. Forty papers on COVID-19 published in PsyArxiV were analyzed; the nationalities of the authors and the samples they recruited were assessed. Findings suggest that an overwhelming majority of the samples recruited were from the US and the authors were based in US and German institutions. Next, men constituted a large proportion of primary and sole authors. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Chapter II. The World Economy

1986 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 18-29
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Growth ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Considerable Improvement ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Small Growth ◽  
Trade Sector

After a disappointing first quarter in which, in broad terms, the small growth in output in the OECD area could be attributed wholly to stock movements in the US, the second quarter brought a considerable improvement. Though US stockbuilding was much smaller, OECD countries' total GDP appears to have risen by about 1 per cent, with notably rapid growth in major countries where output had fallen in the first quarter (Germany especially, Japan, France and, on some estimates, Italy). This acceleration, based largely on consumers' expenditure, was moreover achieved in the face of adverse developments in the foreign trade sector, with many non-OECD countries, the oil producers in particular, reducing the volume of their imports to compensate in part for a worsening in their terms of trade.

scholarly journals Analyzing the Current Problems and Prospects for Enterprise Development in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (525) ◽  
pp. 247-252
Author(s):  
I. V. Nosach ◽  
◽  
N. V. Vodolazska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Innovation System ◽  
World Market ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Government

The article is aimed at studying the analysis of modern problems and prospects for the development of enterprises in Ukraine. Analyzing the latest researches and publications of scientists, the general theoretical bases of problems and prospects for the development of domestic enterprises were considered. The article covers and theoretically substantiates modern problems of entrepreneurship development, which periodically require their study and research, taking into account constant changes in the economy. In general, enterprises play a significant role, because their effective activities is a source of economic growth, which ensures employment in the country and directly affects the improvement of the quality of life of the population, solving social problems and overcoming poverty. However, Ukrainian economy continues to situate «on the swings» in a constantly changing tendency. It is especially influenced by such factors as raising the US dollar exchange rate, reducing attractiveness in the world market, and recently the introduction of quarantine restrictions in the face of the coronavirus pandemic, which has had a significant impact on its development both in Ukraine and around the world. At the same time, precisely the small enterprises play a leading role in creating an effective economy of Ukraine, despite the fact that their development is uneven and they have not taken a proper place in the structure of the national economy. Thus, for the government of the country should become priority directions for stimulating the innovative activity of the entrepreneurial sector, introducing European approaches to the development of small and medium-sized businesses, as well as the formation of a favorable regulatory environment, innovation and investment climate. Moreover, the implementation of this policy should be carried out purposefully, consistently and systematically, as part of the complex of the national innovation system.

The Development of Chinese Nuclear Forces: Start of a Deep Transformation

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 76-93
Author(s):  
V. B. Kashin
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Potential ◽  
Nuclear Forces ◽  
Missile Defense ◽  
Defense Systems ◽  
The Us ◽  
Un Security Council ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Prevailing View

China is currently the only member of the UN Security Council that is actively increasing the quality and quantity of its nuclear potential. Exactly how far China is willing to go in developing its nuclear forces remains a subject of discussion. The prevailing view is that China is seeking to implement a limited increase in its nuclear arsenal in order to secure the potential for a guaranteed re taliation in the face of the US continuously improving its missile defense systems. Since late 1990s, the development of air and naval forces of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) has been a subject of increased attention both in Asia and in the world at large. Nuclear potential was not perceived as a priority for China’s development of its military power and remained in the background. However, the events of recent years have shown that the world does not quite realize the true scale of China’s efforts in creating strategic nuclear forces. At this point, it can be perceived as a fait accompli that China has managed to implement most of its long-term program for the modernization of its nuclear forces without attracting too much attention from other major countries and, above all, from the world’s sole superpower.

Inner Workings of the Chinese Economy and the US–China Trade War

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (02) ◽  
pp. 2050016
Author(s):  
Winston W. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Equity Markets ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Capital Flight ◽  
External Shocks ◽  
Success Story ◽  
China Trade ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Trade War

China has been touted as a unique success story in development economics. The world financial crisis of 2007–2010 impacted China severely. Its GDP growth slowed, corporate debts piled up, equity markets became volatile, the renminbi weakened, and its forex reserves shrank in the face of capital flight. This paper analyzes the policymakers’ approaches in coping with the recent external shocks to the economy noted for having rigid economic structures (such as the trilemma problem and privatization issues). It discusses the tough balancing act facing the policymakers and the various reform options, including capital flow liberalization and structural reform. Finally, the paper discusses the US–China trade war.

scholarly journals The Human Dimensions of Coastal Adaptation Strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 546
Author(s):  
Chad J. McGuire
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Human Dimensions ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Coastal Adaptation ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Global Citizenry ◽  
Insight Into

Not only are humans responsible for the anthropogenic causes of currently observed climate change, but we are also responsible for our responses to climate change. How we choose to respond provides important insights into our ability to collectively act in the face of threats with the unique characteristics of climate change. This communication attempts to provide an overview of some of the difficulties in forging new policy directions along our coastlines in an era of climate change. It is meant as a referential framing for the research presented in this Special Issue. As this communication is being written, the world is gripped by a global pandemic caused by a variant of the coronavirus. There are important corollaries between the underlying characteristics of the coronavirus and the causes and effects of climate change. Seeing how the global citizenry is responding to the current epidemic provides some insight into the difficulties in fostering collective action towards climate change. As with the pandemic, the issue is not really one of understanding the problem, but rather the varying human responses to the problem. We can expect the same difficulties as we continue to confront the ever-growing problem of climate change.

scholarly journals Protectionism and the global trade stagnation

2020 ◽  
pp. 147-153
Author(s):  
Alessandro Vitale
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Global Trade ◽  
Economic Nationalism ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Exclusive Or ◽  
Trade Market

The protectionism of the last twelve years is forcing many countries to backtrack in the face of the devastating consequences of those policies on their economies and the world trade. The pandemic COVID-19 has highlighted even more how those policies may be destructive and produce impoverishment. The current global pandemic crisis is producing an abrupt and probably very long braking effect on international trade. However, it would be wrong to consider it as the exclusive or the most important cause of global trade stagnation. In fact, the ground had already been prepared by the economic-financial crisis of 2007–2008 and in particular by the choices of “economic nationalism” of neo-protectionist type, which made a precise political use of the modern linear border. Globalisation means mainly the overcoming of political barriers, borders, and the opening to the global free trade market. On the contrary, it is now still hindered by heavy political factors, among which protectionism has been the main one for many years. Those policies, implemented on the large areas by major world powers, have caused a long phase of “de-globalisation”, characterised by the renewed use of the modern border to enclose economies, well before the pandemic crisis.

Chapter II. The World Economy

1983 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 21-31
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
World Economy ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face

It is always difficult to distinguish the trend of output in the early months of the year, as much depends on the weather. This year, it seems fairly clear that relatively mild conditions in January in a number of countries, notably the US and West Germany, contributed significantly to recovery both in industrial production and, more especially, in construction from the depressed levels of the previous quarter. But it is not possible to isolate this influence on the statistics from that of falling interest rates or as yet to judge how far it may have been balanced, in terms of the first quarter as a whole, by unseasonably cold weather later on. Gratification at what seems on the face of it to have been an encouraging start to the year must be tempered by reservations about its reliability as an indication of what is to follow.

How Far Dare an Evaluator Go Toward Saving the World?: Redux, Update, and a Reflective Practice Facilitation Tool

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-184
Author(s):  
Michael Quinn Patton
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Reflective Practice ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Practice Facilitation ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Philanthropic Foundations ◽  
Global Sustainability ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face

In 2004, Robert Stake published a provocative article that asked: “How Far Dare an Evaluator Go Toward Saving the World?” This question raises the issue of what role evaluators’ values play in the conduct of evaluations. Following review of Stake’s premises, I present value statements from a diverse group of 40 evaluators working with philanthropic foundations. The results update and revise Stake’s list of “six advocacies common in evaluation.” The findings capture changes in evaluation language and substantive concerns over the last 15 years regarding evaluators’ values and engagement. The conclusion affirms Stake’s original overarching principle. In closing, I offer an additional concern toward saving the world not on Stake’s list or that of the evaluators sampled: global sustainability and environmental justice in the face of the global pandemic and climate emergency. This process of inquiry generated a facilitation tool for use by evaluators, presented here, to support reflective practice about evaluators’ values.

scholarly journals Modeling the incidence and death rates of COVID-19 pandemic in different regions of the world

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (s1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Puziol de Oliveira ◽  
Jorge Alberto Achcar ◽  
Altacílio Aparecido Nunes
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Counting Data ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The World ◽  
Hard Times ◽  
The Face ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

AbstractThis paper reports a broad study using epidemic-related counting data of COVID-19 disease caused by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). The considered dataset refers to 119 countries’ daily counts of reported cases and deaths in a fixed period. For the data analysis, it has been adopted a beta regression model assuming different regions of the world where it was possible to discover important economic, health and social factors affecting the behavior of the pandemic in different countries. The Bayesian method was applied to fit the proposed model. Some interesting conclusions were obtained in this study, which could be of great interest to epidemiologists, health authorities, and the general public in the face of the forthcoming hard times of the global pandemic.

scholarly journals Facts and Recommendations of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: An Update

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-215
Author(s):  
The BASE Medicine Task Force
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World ◽  
Science And Politics ◽  
The Face ◽  
Effective Drugs ◽  
Self Protection ◽  
Meaningful Role

Since the first SARS-CoV-2 infection was officially reported at the end of 2019, COVID-19 has quickly swept the world like a terrifying demon. The whole world is like entering a biological terrorist attack. Everyone seeks all kinds of useful or useless self-protection amidst extreme panic and uncomfortable sadness. The shutdown of the world has brought the entire pandemic crisis into an unprecedented level of confusion. In this process, various forces wrestled with each other, and even science and politics were mixed and strangled. This jumbled together of fish and dragons has cast a shadow of uncertainty over the entire atmosphere of fighting the pandemic. This updated task force provides the latest information on the SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 from its occurrence, development, therapeutics, and prevention. Over several months, although the scientific community has spared no effort in searching for effective drugs that can effectively fight against SARS-CoV-2, the facts are not satisfactory. This task force provides potentially useful therapeutic information after careful identification and screening. It is hoped that it will play a meaningful role in the entire process of the siege of SARS-CoV-2. Simultaneously, this task force makes a more detailed comment on the development of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. In the face of the global pandemic, various forces should work together to find useful medical methods to control SARS-CoV-2 as soon as possible instead of mutual condemnation. We cannot control the virus’s mutation, whereas we will never lose our confidence in defeating the virus and taking off the masks to return to normal.

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