scholarly journals Who Has to Tell Their Trauma Story and How Hard Will It Be? Influence of Cultural Stigma and Narrative Redemption on the Storying of Sexual Violence

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brianna C Delker ◽  
Rowan Salton ◽  
Kate C. McLean ◽  
Moin Syed
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
The United States ◽  
Societal Implications ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cultural Preference ◽  
Cultural Stigma

Although survivors of sexual violence have shared their stories with the public on social media and mass media platforms in growing numbers, less is known about how general audiences perceive such trauma stories. These perceptions can have profound consequences for survivor mental health. In the present experimental, vignette-based studies, we anticipated that cultural stigma surrounding sexual violence and cultural preference for positive (redemptive) endings to adversity in the United States (U.S.) would shape perceptions. Four samples of U.S. adults (N=1872) rated first-person narratives of 6 more stigmatizing (i.e., sexual violence) or less stigmatizing (e.g., natural disaster) traumatic events. Confirming pre-registered hypotheses, sexual violence trauma (versus other types of trauma) stories were perceived as more difficult to tell, and their storytellers less likeable, even when they had redemptive endings. Disconfirming other pre-registered hypotheses, redemptive (versus negative) story endings did not boost the perceived likelihood or obligation to share a sexual violence trauma story. Rather, redemptive (versus negative) story endings only boosted the perceived likelihood, obligation, and ease of telling other, less stigmatizing types of trauma stories. Findings suggest that sexual violence survivors do not benefit, to the same degree as other survivors, from telling their stories with the culturally valued narrative template of redemption. Clinical and societal implications of the less receptive climate for sexual violence stories are discussed.

Cute babies: How imagery and representation shape our collective beliefs

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-148
Author(s):  
Chris Kienke
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Media ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Public ◽  
Film And Television ◽  
American Values ◽  
Collective Beliefs ◽  
And Gender

Images about race, class and gender deeply affect our beliefs about what American values are and who gets to share and who does not get to share in those values. The continuing discussions about these issues filtered through social media, film and television in the United States is a dialogue that demands visual rendering. Realizing the depth of this conditioning is the first step. Critical next steps are examining which images are made available to the public and how to work with students who are developing their own voice.

Electoral system influence on social network usage patterns of parliamentary assistants as their legislators’ stand-in: The United States, Germany, and Israel

2020 ◽  
pp. 146144482090655
Author(s):  
Chen Sabag Ben-Porat ◽  
Sam Lehman-Wilzig
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Media ◽  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Electoral System ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Communications ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
Media Work ◽  
German Bundestag

Social networks are generally regarded as channels through which parliamentarians establish direct contact with the public. However, do they engage in these activities personally or rather delegate them to their parliamentary assistants? This study examines the intermediary relationship between parliamentarians and the public (henceforth PAs)—seeking to understand their role in contemporary, political communications. While numerous studies have looked at types of parliamentarian contact with the public, PAs have received little scholarly attention. Adopting a comparative perspective, this study will suggest a theoretical model of the MP/PA social media work relationship, creating a new questionnaire for PAs in the US House of Representatives, German Bundestag, and Israeli Knesset, exploring whether level of parliamentarians’ involvement in social networking is influenced by working within different electoral systems: representatives elected directly (the United States), mixed (Germany), and indirectly (Israel). The study investigates the level of parliamentarians’ engagement with social media communication according to a four-category model.

How do emergency managers use social media platforms?

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 251 ◽  
Author(s):  
DeeDee M. Bennett, PhD
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
General Public ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Public ◽  
Management Agency ◽  
Emergency Managers ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Social Media Platforms

Social media platforms are increasingly becoming a useful tool for victims, humanitarians, volunteers, and the general public to communicate during disasters. Research has shown that there are multiple advantages to using social media and the applicability of these platforms crosses several different types of disasters (human-caused, natural, and terrorist) here in the United States and abroad. However, some emergency management agencies have been reluctant to use social media as one of their many communications tools. In this study, the usefulness of social media for emergency management was examined over a 30-day period following a series of tornadoes. Using an observational approach, the public posts disseminated from an emergency management agency were analyzed to determine how two social media platforms were used. The findings show how emergency management agencies could leverage the connectedness of social media to reach victims and make unlikely partnerships.

scholarly journals Experiences and perceptions of perinatal depression among new immigrant Chinese parents: a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiao Li ◽  
Wenqing Xue ◽  
Wenjie Gong ◽  
Xin Quan ◽  
Quanlei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Perinatal Depression ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chinese Parents

Abstract Background Immigrant status, acculturation level, race and ethnicity have been found to contribute to the utilization of mental health services in the perinatal period. This study explored perinatal experiences and perceptions among Chinese immigrant mothers and their spouses, as well as the possible barriers and facilitators that affect their health care utilization. Methods We recruited 13 women ages 18–35 years born in mainland China, living in Rochester, New York, and residing less than 5 years in the United States. Participants primary language was Mandarin Chinese and all had given birth to at least one live infant within the past 7 years. Participants’ age was at least 18 years old at the time of delivery. Five spouses also participated. We divided women in two focus groups and held one focus group for men, with data collection including demographic questionnaires and semi-structured focus group questions conducted in December 2014. Data were analyzed following thematic analysis. Results Four themes emerged: experiences of perinatal depression; perceptions of perinatal depression; general preventive and coping strategies; and attitudes toward the supportive use social media applications (apps) and text messaging during the perinatal period. Participants had limited knowledge of perinatal depression and had difficulty distinguishing between normal perinatal mood fluctuations and more severe symptoms of depression. They discussed immigrant-related stress, conflicts with parents/in-laws while “doing the month”, the perceived gap between the ideal of “perfect moms” and reality, and challenges with parenting as the causes of perinatal depression. Women approved of screening for the condition but were conservative about follow-up interventions. As for the management of perinatal depression, participants preferred to deal with the problem within the family before seeking external help, due to potential stigma as well as Chinese traditional culture. They were receptive to obtaining pertinent health information from anonymous social media apps, preferring these to personal text messages. Conclusion The recent immigrant Chinese parents to the United States in the study had limited knowledge of perinatal depression and did not make full use of mental health services for support due to language and cultural barriers. Screening for perinatal depression is only the first step. Future research should explore what interventions may serve as an acceptable approach to overcoming these gaps.

scholarly journals Sexual Harassment: A Critical Issue for EFL in Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Robert O'Mochain
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
The United States ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Media Campaigns ◽  
The Public ◽  
Classroom Activities

Since the end of 2017, many controversies and social media campaigns, especially the “#MeToo” movement, have kept the issue of sexual harassment in the public eye. While the #MeToo movement has impacted many in the United States and elsewhere, its impact in Japan has been considerably less. This is surprising as sexual harassment inflicts very negative effects on victims and the problem is prevalent in many social spheres in Japan, including in educational institutions. This article outlines the extent of the problem and provides suggestions on classroom activities and educational initiatives to raise awareness for the transformation of currently toxic conditions. 2017年末から、多くの論争やソーシャルメディアによるキャンペーン、特に「#MeToo」運動により、セクシャルハラスメント問題に世間の関心が向けられている。「#MeToo」運動は米国などで影響を与えた一方、日本での影響は少なかった。これは驚くべきことである、何故なら、セクシャルハラスメントはその犠牲者に多大な否定的影響を与えるものであり、日本においても教育機関を含め多くの公共の場で蔓延しているからである。本論ではこの問題の広がりについて概要を述べ、現在の弊害を変えるための意識を高める、教室でできるアクティビティおよび教育主導に関しての提議を行う。

scholarly journals Analyzing Twitter as a Platform for Alzheimer-Related Dementia Awareness: Thematic Analyses of Tweets (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany Yi-Mei Cheng ◽  
Lisa Liu ◽  
Benjamin KP Woo
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Social Media ◽  
General Public ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
Health Advocacy ◽  
Twitter Users ◽  
Mental Health Advocacy

BACKGROUND Dementia is a prevalent disorder among adults and often subjects an individual and his or her family. Social media websites may serve as a platform to raise awareness for dementia and allow researchers to explore health-related data. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to utilize Twitter, a social media website, to examine the content and location of tweets containing the keyword “dementia” to better understand the reasons why individuals discuss dementia. We adopted an approach that analyzed user location, user category, and tweet content subcategories to classify large publicly available datasets. METHODS A total of 398 tweets were collected using the Twitter search application programming interface with the keyword “dementia,” circulated between January and February 2018. Twitter users were categorized into 4 categories: general public, health care field, advocacy organization, and public broadcasting. Tweets posted by “general public” users were further subcategorized into 5 categories: mental health advocate, affected persons, stigmatization, marketing, and other. Placement into the categories was done through thematic analysis. RESULTS A total of 398 tweets were written by 359 different screen names from 28 different countries. The largest number of Twitter users were from the United States and the United Kingdom. Within the United States, the largest number of users were from California and Texas. The majority (281/398, 70.6%) of Twitter users were categorized into the “general public” category. Content analysis of tweets from the “general public” category revealed stigmatization (113/281, 40.2%) and mental health advocacy (102/281, 36.3%) as the most common themes. Among tweets from California and Texas, California had more stigmatization tweets, while Texas had more mental health advocacy tweets. CONCLUSIONS Themes from the content of tweets highlight the mixture of the political climate and the supportive network present on Twitter. The ability to use Twitter to combat stigma and raise awareness of mental health indicates the benefits that can potentially be facilitated via the platform, but negative stigmatizing tweets may interfere with the effectiveness of this social support.

scholarly journals Perceptions of the IQOS Heated Tobacco Product on Twitter in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Canruo Zou ◽  
Xueting Wang ◽  
Zidian Xie ◽  
Dongmei Li
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Enforcement Policy ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Twitter Users

After the approval of the sales of IQOS in the United States market, discussions about IQOS have become active on social media. Twitter is a popular social media platform to understand public opinions toward IQOS. This study aims to explore public perceptions toward IQOS on Twitter in the United States. IQOS-related tweets from the United States between November 19, 2019, and August 24, 2020, were collected using a Twitter streaming application programming interface (API). Sentiment analysis was performed to determine whether the public perceptions toward IQOS were positive, neutral, or negative. In addition, topics discussed in these tweets were manually coded. From November 2019 to August 2020, the number of tweets discussing IQOS was relatively constant except for a peak starting from July 7, 2020, which lasted for 4 days. Among IQOS tweets with positive sentiments, the most popular topic is “IQOS is safer than cigarettes,” followed by “IQOS helps quit smoking.” Among tweets with negative sentiments, the most popular topic is “illegal marketing/selling to youth,” followed by “health risks/fire hazards.” “FDA approval/regulation” is the most popular topic for tweets with neutral sentiments. After the announcement of the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) enforcement policy on unauthorized flavored e-cigarette products on January 2, 2020, the proportion of tweets with positive attitudes toward IQOS significantly increased, while the proportion of negative tweets significantly decreased. Our study showed that the public perception of IQOS in the United States became more positive after the FDA enforcement policy on flavored e-cigarettes. While many Twitter users thought IQOS is safer than cigarettes and helps quit smoking, some Twitter users complained about the illegal marketing and health risks of IQOS. These findings provide useful information on future tobacco regulations.

Super aggregators and the media supply chain

2021 ◽  
Vol 180 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-63
Author(s):  
Tom O’Regan ◽  
Mark Balnaves
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Search Engines ◽  
The United States ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Media Industries ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Media

Search engines and social media came into their own from 2006. Indeed, when regulators in the United States crafted Section 230 in the 1990s to give immunity to web publishers from third-party content, they did not know that search services would become hypergiant advertising and news vehicles. In this article, the authors argue that the sudden upending of established practices in the media industries has far-reaching consequences for how audiences are represented for businesses and the public.

scholarly journals Measuring the Outreach Efforts of Public Health Authorities and the Public Response on Facebook During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Early 2020: Cross-Country Comparison (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aravind Sesagiri Raamkumar ◽  
Soon Guan Tan ◽  
Hwee Lin Wee
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Media Analysis ◽  
Public Response ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Public Health Authorities

BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic presents one of the most challenging global crises at the dawn of a new decade. Public health authorities (PHAs) are increasingly adopting the use of social media such as Facebook to rapidly communicate and disseminate pandemic response measures to the public. Understanding of communication strategies across different PHAs and examining the public response on the social media landscapes can help improve practices for disseminating information to the public. OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine COVID-19-related outreach efforts of PHAs in Singapore, the United States, and England, and the corresponding public response to these outreach efforts on Facebook. METHODS Posts and comments from the Facebook pages of the Ministry of Health (MOH) in Singapore, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in the United States, and Public Health England (PHE) in England were extracted from January 1, 2019, to March 18, 2020. Posts published before January 1, 2020, were categorized as pre-COVID-19, while the remaining posts were categorized as peri-COVID-19 posts. COVID-19-related posts were identified and classified into themes. Metrics used for measuring outreach and engagement were frequency, mean posts per day (PPD), mean reactions per post, mean shares per post, and mean comments per post. Responses to the COVID-19 posts were measured using frequency, mean sentiment polarity, positive to negative sentiments ratio (PNSR), and positive to negative emotions ratio (PNER). Toxicity in comments were identified and analyzed using frequency, mean likes per toxic comment, and mean replies per toxic comment. Trend analysis was performed to examine how the metrics varied with key events such as when COVID-19 was declared a pandemic. RESULTS The MOH published more COVID-19 posts (n=271; mean PPD 5.0) compared to the CDC (n=94; mean PPD 2.2) and PHE (n=45; mean PPD 1.4). The mean number of comments per COVID-19 post was highest for the CDC (mean CPP 255.3) compared to the MOH (mean CPP 15.6) and PHE (mean CPP 12.5). Six major themes were identified, with posts about prevention and safety measures and situation updates being prevalent across the three PHAs. The themes of the MOH’s posts were diverse, while the CDC and PHE posts focused on a few themes. Overall, response sentiments for the MOH posts (PNSR 0.94) were more favorable compared to response sentiments for the CDC (PNSR 0.57) and PHE (PNSR 0.55) posts. Toxic comments were rare (0.01%) across all PHAs. CONCLUSIONS PHAs’ extent of Facebook use for outreach purposes during the COVID-19 pandemic varied among the three PHAs, highlighting the strategies and approaches that other PHAs can potentially adopt. Our study showed that social media analysis was capable of providing insights about the communication strategies of PHAs during disease outbreaks.

scholarly journals DICK, Kirby and ZIERING, Amy. 2016. The Hunting Ground. The inside story of sexual assault on American college campuses. México: Hot Books, 188 pp.

2018 ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Ana Vidu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
The United States ◽  
College Campuses ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
The Public ◽  
Academy Award ◽  
One Year ◽  
Hunting Ground ◽  
The Invisible

<p>The Hunting Ground started to initially be a documentary released in 2015 daring to present on the big screen, the sexual violence on the United States college campuses. The filmmakers Kirby Dick and Amy Ziering were the Academy Award winners of the film “The Invisible war”, which tackles the sexual violence happening in the army context. While they were running along the United States college campuses screening “The Invisible War” and discussing about the silence perpetuated into the army, students were raising their hands from the public, claiming the gender violence also exits within the academy. According to its producers, The Hunting Ground is the consequence of directly interviewing around 70 people on camera and more than 200 in off-camera dialogues. One year after its first release, the documentary’s impact was uncountable. The visionary of this documentary at each university, contributed to trigger discussion about the issue of sexual harassment, started activism among its community and initiating change.</p><p><strong>Published online</strong>: 11 December 2018</p>

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