Antibacterial activities and phytochemical properties of extracts of Dioscorea bulbifera Linn (Air Potatoe) tubers and peels against some pathogenic bacteria

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Omolade Mary Adeosun ◽  
◽  
Daniel Juwon Arotupin ◽  
Odeyemi Adebowale Toba ◽  
Alaba Adewole Adebayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Micrococcus Luteus ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Bioactive Ingredients

The antibacterial activities and bioactive constituents of ethanolic and aqueous extract of parts of the tuber against ten (10) clinical pathogens were determined, using agar well diffusion and standard techniques respectively. The proximate profile of this tuber included moisture content, ash, crude protein, fat, fibre and carbohydrate with varying percentages. The tuber was recorded to contain higher amount of saponin with the average of 24 mg/g, followed by cardiac glycosides with 13.13 mg/g, terpenoid with 8.48 mg/g, flavonoids followed with 5.36 mg/g and tannin with 4.21 mg/g was the least among the bioactive ingredients. Except for Proteus vulgaris, Serratia liquefaciens, Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus cereus and Citrobacter freundii, other test isolates were susceptible to the effect of the ethanolic extract of the peel of D. bulbifera at 500 µg/ml. High inhibition zones (between 17 and 22 mm) were recorded against 80% of the test organisms at 1000 µg/ml, except for 15 mm zone recorded against Bacillus cereus. The MIC and MBC of extract of D. bulbifera ranged in respect to the parts from 125 µg/ml to 500 µg/ml; and 250 µg/ml to 1000 µg/ml for peels and bulbils respectively. Antibacterial activity of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the bulbils of D. bulbifera was however, not profound in this present study compared to that of the peel. This study therefore, affirmed that D. bulbifera is a novel source of bioactive compounds which do not only enhance the antibacterial properties, but also ascertain its health promoting qualities.

scholarly journals Phytochemical and Antibacterial Properties of Ethanolic Seed Extracts of Chrysophyllum albidum (African Star Apple)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 05-09 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel L. Oputah ◽  
Kolawole O. Ajanaku ◽  
Raphael C. Mordi ◽  
Joseph A. O. Olugbuyiro ◽  
Shade J. Olorunshola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Seed Extracts ◽  
African Star Apple

Phytochemical and antibacterial properties of ethanolic extract of the seeds of African Star Apple (Chrysophyllum albidum) were investigated. The phytochemical result revealed the presence of saponins, carbohydrates, flavonoids, quinones, cardiac glycosides, fatty acids and terpenoids. The antibacterial activity was studied using agar well diffusion method at different concentrations against six pathogenic bacterial strains, three Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus varians and Bacillus cereus) and three Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus vulgaris). Significant inhibitory activities were exhibited by the ethanolic seed extracts for all test organisms except Bacillus cereus. Zone of inhibition of the crude ethanolic extract was correlated with that of a standard antibiotic Gentamicin, for antibacterial activity. The results indicated a notable inhibition of the bacterial growth.

scholarly journals A Evaluate the biological activity of Citrullus Colocynthis extract (In vitro study)

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
HAYDER YOUSIF ◽  
Zahraa F Shaker ◽  
Hayder Hamed Abed
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Citrullus Colocynthis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Test Organisms

The plant of c. colocynthis is perennial herbal of the Cucurbitaceous types that isused as a traditional medicinal plant on a Mediterranean tub and equatorialnations.Studies on the antibacterial properties of Citrullus colocynthis leaf extract,Medicinal plants have conventional been used in abortifacient and treatsconstipation, edema, Infection caused by bacteria, cancer and diabetesproblems.The antibacterial efficacy of citrullus colocynthesis (L.) was investigatedin this work using five species of pathogenic bacteria isolated from urinary tractinfections: E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus spp, Psudomonasauroginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. For the antibacterial test, water andethanol extract were employed.The ethanolic extract showed inhibitory activityagainst Escherichia Coli at (100 °C, 80 °C, 60 °C) while Staphylococcus aureus at(100 °C, 80 °C), Streptococcus spp. at (100 °C). Water extract exhibited less or noactivity against all types of bacteria.The findings of this investigation indicate thatC. colocynthis might be utilized to treat disorders caused by the test organisms.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract of safflower with contrasting seed coat colors

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
Basaki Tayebeh ◽  
Karami Soraya ◽  
Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Color

The present study aimed to investigate total flavonoid (TFC), cyanidin-3-glucoside (Cyd-3-glu) content, and anti-oxidant and antibacterial activities of ethanolic seed coat extract of two safflower genotypes (genotype C111 and A82) with contrasting seed coat colors. Despite the absence of Cyd-3-glu in seed coat extracts of white-seeded genotype C111 versus black-seeded genotype A82 and equal TFC index between the two genotypes, there was no significant difference in their antioxidant activity. Also, the ethanolic extract has growth inhibitory properties in pathogenic bacteria. It seems that differences in type and level of secondary metabolites of the seed coat with different color patterns can result in the ethanolic extract’s antioxidant activity. In addition, the results confirmed that seed coat color has not effect on the level (or severity) of the antibacterial properties of ethanolic seed coat extract.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF METAL NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED FROM HIBISCUS ROSA SINESIS AND THEIR ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY ESTIMATION AGAINST NINE PATHOGENIC BACTERIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Shruti Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Au Nanoparticles ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Micrococcus Luteus ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Agar Disc ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

Objective: This study demonstates  a simple, cost effective protocol  for biosynthesis of stable silver (Ag) and gold (Au) nanoparticles from Hibiscus Rosa sinesis and their comparison by applying antibacterial activities against nine pathogenic bacterial species.Methods: Silver (Ag) and gold (Au) nanoparticles were biosynthesized from Hibiscus Rosa sinesis were characterized by UV–VIS spectroscopy, FTIR and TEM. The antibacterial activities  of AgNPs  and AuNPs were evaluated against  9 pathogenic bacterial species  Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Bacillus subtilis Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterobacter aerogens, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Aeromonas hydrophila by the agar disc diffusion method.Results: Synthesized AgNPs  were obtained in 13.01 to 28.14 nm size range, while AuNPs were in  6.32 to 18.19 nm size range. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra indicates  that the AuNPs are bound to amine groups and the AgNPs to carboxylate ion groups. The antibacterial activities  of AgNPs,  the zone of inhibition significantly increased with the  increases of concentrations of AgNPs in all pathogenic bacterial species  except  in the case of S. epidermidis at 50%, S. aerogenes and A. hydrophila at 70%, while in case of AuNPs antibacterial activity  was displayed  only against B. subtilis at 20% and 100% concentration.Conclusion: This study suggests that AgNPs exhibits outstanding antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria as compared to AuNPs synthesized from Hibiscus Rosa sinensis leaf extract and insights to their potential applicability as an alternative antibacterial  agent in microbial and human health system to reduce the resistance ability of pathogenic bacteria. Keywords: silver nanoparticles; gold  nanoparticles; UV–VIS spectroscopy; FTIR; TEM; antibacterial activities.  

Diversity and antibacterial activity of actinomycetes from wetland soil

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya George ◽  
Gisha George ◽  
A. A. Mohamed Hatha
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Enzyme Production ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Wetland Soil ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Soil Actinomycetes ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Antibacterial Potential

Diversity of soil actinomycetes isolated from various regions of a wetland was analysed. The strains were assigned under 11 genera according to their morphological and biochemical characteristics. They are: Nocardia, Pseudonocardia, Streptomyces, Micromonospora, Rhodococcus, Actinosynnema, Nocardiodes, Kitasatospora, Gordona, Intrasporangium and Streptoalloteichus. Around 55% of the identified strains are Nocardioform actinomycetes. Screening for their antibacterial activities revealed that 96% of the isolated strains showed different degrees of inhibition potential against 12 test pathogenic bacteria (including various serotypes of Salmonella, Vibrio cholerae, Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli). Of these about 41% of strains showed antagonism towards Bacillus subtilis. The Nocardioform actinomycetes exhibited antibacterial activity against 9 out of 12 test organisms. The least antibacterial potential was exhibited by Gordona, Rhodococcus, Micromonospora and Kitasatospora. The isolated strains differed among themselves in their ability to decompose proteins and amino acids and also in enzyme production potential.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Effects of Oak Fruit, Jaft, and Jaftex Herbal Mouthwash: A Review

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cheraghi ◽  
Fatemeh Babadi
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Digital Literature ◽  
Review Study

Abstract Recently, natural products have been evaluated as a source of antimicrobial agent with efficacies against a variety of microorganisms. The antibacterial activities of the oak fruit,inner husk of oak fruit (Jaft), and Jaftex mouthwash have been studiedin several studies. Thisstudy aimedto review the studies ofthe effects of antibacterial properties of the oak fruit, oak fruit hull (Jaft), and Jaftex mouthwash. Materials and Methods In this review study, relevant articles related to the antimicrobial activity of the oak fruit, inner husk of oak fruit (Jaft), and 'Jaftex mouthwash' were searched from the current digital literature using electronic databases namely, SID, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Google Scholar, Magiran, Web of Science employing the same keywords from 1990 to 2019. Results Oakfruit, inner husk of oak fruit (Jaft), and Jaftex mouthwash have antimicrobial properties against many microorganisms. Discussion and Conclusion Antibacterial properties of oak fruit, inner husk ofoak fruit (Jaft) can be used to reverse the antibiotic sensitivity against pathogenic bacteria. Jaftex is recommended as an antibacterial and anti-plaque mouthwash.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and antibacterial activities of the essential oils from Ocotea zahamenensis Van Der Werff (Lauraceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-125
Author(s):  
Razafiarimanga Zara Nomentsoa ◽  
Randriamampianina Lovarintsoa Judicael ◽  
Randrianarivo Hanitra Ranjàna ◽  
Ralitera Andrianirina Manampisoa ◽  
Rakoto Danielle Aurore Doll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Vibrio Fischeri ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Detection Analysis ◽  
Toxicological Studies

The present work aimed to study the composition and antibacterial properties of the essential oils (EO) of Ocotea zahamenensis leaves (LEO), stem (SEO) and root (REO) barks from two harvest periods (March and June). All EOs were extracted by hydrodistillation from fresh plant parts with yields up to 4.5%. They are colourless, clear, with a strong odour, heavy, levogyre, with a low acid index and an ester index up to 14.89. Gas chromatography/flame ionisation detection analysis of these EOs identified 5 to 12 components representing 96.06 to 99.96% of the overall composition. Safrole was by far the most predominant constituent with contents ranging from 77.45% (SEO, June) to 97.05% (REO, March). The antibacterial activity was tested against eight pathogenic bacteria including 4 Gram (-) and 4 Gram (+) using microdilution assays. With Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values of less than 1 mg/mL, all EOs showed antibacterial activity which varied according to the strain. There was not much difference between the activities of March and June Eos, and in both cases SEO were slightly more effective than LEO and REO. All EOs had bacteriostatic action on Bacillus cereus and Vibrio fischeri and bactericidal on almost other strains. When administered orally to mice at 0.5 mg/kg body weight, all EOs caused symptoms of intoxication. Their LD50 varied from 1.019 to 2.73 g/kg body weight. These EOs could be a new source of safrole and could be used for various purposes with further toxicological studies.

scholarly journals Homogeneous Coatings of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Corona-Treated Cotton Fabric for Enhanced Self-Cleaning and Antibacterial Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Aalipourmohammadi ◽  
Abolfazl Davodiroknabadi ◽  
Ali Nazari
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Sunlight Irradiation ◽  
Self Cleaning ◽  
Mapping Techniques ◽  
Cellulosic Fabric ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Abstract This study discusses the effect of corona pretreatment and subsequent loading of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on self-cleaning and antibacterial properties of cellulosic fabric. The corona-pretreated cellulosic fabrics were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray mapping techniques revealed that layers of the titania deposited on cellulose fibers were more uniform than the sample without pre-corona treatment. The self-cleaning property of treated fabrics was evaluated through discoloring dye stain under sunlight irradiation. The antibacterial activities of the samples against two common pathogenic bacteria including Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were also assessed. The results indicated that self-cleaning and antibacterial properties of the corona-pretreated fabrics were superior compared to the sample treated with TiO2 alone. Moreover, using corona pretreatment leads to samples with good washing fastness.

Synergistic Effects of Silver Nanoparticles with Ethanolic Extract of Eucalyptus globules on Standard Pathogenic Bacteria in Vitro

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Jafari Sales ◽  
Afsoon Shariat
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Soxhlet Method ◽  
Eucalyptus Plant ◽  
Eucalyptus Globules

Introduction: Nowadays, with the increase of resistance due to overuse of synthetic chemical antibiotics, it seems necessary to find alternative drugs. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of silver nanoparticles and Eucalyptus globules (eucalyptus) ethanolic extract on standard bacteria of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Material and Methods: In this experimental study, aerial parts of Eucalyptus plant were collected from Marand city and identified as Eucalyptus plant by botanists of Islamic Azad University, Ahar Branch. In this study, eucalyptus ethanolic extract was prepared by Soxhlet method and the antibacterial effects of eucalyptus extract at concentrations of 20, 30, 50 and 400 mg / ml and silver nanoparticles at concentrations of 10, 20, 40 and 80 μg / ml with agar well diffusion methods and tubular dilution were investigated. Results: The results showed that the ethanolic extract of Eucalyptus had more antibacterial properties compared to silver nanoparticles. Eucalyptus extract and silver nanoparticles had a greater effect on gram-positive bacteria. The effect of the combination of eucalyptus extract and silver nanoparticles was much greater than the effect of either. Conclusion: The results showed that silver nanoparticles in combination with eucalyptus extract have good antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, this extract along with silver nanoparticles can be a good option for future studies in vivo to prepare antibacterial drugs.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT PROTEIN PRECIPITATES OF A WILD MUSHROOM, GANODERMA LUCIDUM FOR ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES AGAINST HUMAN PATHOGENIC BACTERIA

2019 ◽  
pp. 303-307
Author(s):  
SUNDARAMOORTHY MARIMUTHU ◽  
SABARIMANIKANDAN MAHENDRAN
Keyword(s):  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Protein Quantification ◽  
Drug Candidate ◽  
Acid Extract ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Active Protein ◽  
Human Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Test Organisms

Objective: The objective of the present study was to isolate different antibacterial protein precipitates from Ganoderma lucidum against human pathogenic bacteria and to evaluate suitable precipitating agent. Methods: The acid extract was prepared from the aqueous solution of the test mushroom. From separate aliquots of acid extract, antibacterial proteins were precipitated using five different concentrations (10–50%) of ammonium sulfate solutions, 10% trichloroacetic acid (TCA), 80% ethanol and methanol – Chloroform mixture (2:1 ratio). Protein quantification was performed in each stage of purifications. The as-prepared protein precipitates were subjected for antibacterial and hemolytic assays for identification of the active protein precipitate, which in turn was also checked for minimum inhibitory volume (MIV) for all test organisms. Results: The quantity of each protein precipitated by different protein precipitating agents from the acid extract of the test mushroom was found in the range of 2.3–4.8 mg/g wet.wt. Although all the precipitates showed different levels of antibacterial capacities, 10% TCA precipitate was considered as active protein as it yielded the maximum amount of protein (4.8 mg/g.wet.wt) as well as it exhibited burly bactericidal activities at lower volumes of protein solutions subjected (6.3 and 3.2 μl) on all bacterial strains tested with less hemolytic effects. Conclusion: The protein precipitated by 10% TCA from the acid extract of the test mushroom could be developed as a drug candidate for treating infectious diseases caused by pathogenic microbes in human.

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