scholarly journals Penghambatan Ekstrak Etanol Sereh (Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf ) terhadap Produksi Verotoksin Escherichia coli Verotoksigenik

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Gino Nemesio Cepeda ◽  
Ratih Dewanti Hariyadi ◽  
Supar Supar
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Broth Dilution

Citronella was a spicy plant used as seasoning in Indonesian food. It was reported to have antimicrobial activity. Itsextract in form of volatile oil prepared by distilation can inhibit the growth of some bacteria. The objective of theresearch was to know the inhibition of ethanolic extract of the citronella on growth and verotoxin production ofverotoxigenic Escherichia coli. The assay of antimicrobial activity was done by using broth dilution and verocellassay. The results indicated that minimum inhibitory concentration of extract can inhibit effectively verotoxinproduction of verotoxigenic Escherichia coli.

scholarly journals Assessment of antimicrobial activity of Cola milleni seed and pulp extracts against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Penicillium notatum

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
A.M. Aliyu ◽  
S.J. Oluwafemi ◽  
S. Kasim
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Penicillium Notatum ◽  
Standard Techniques

All over the world, hundreds of plants have been identified based on researchers and experimental evidence as good sources of medicinal agents. The bioactive components (phytochemicals) of both the seeds and pulp of Cola milleni were extracted using ethanol as solvent. The bioactive components detected were alkaloids, tanins, saponins, cardiac glycosides, carbohydrates, sterols, resins and terpenes while Flavonoids, anthraquinones, anthracyanides and phenol were not detected for both the seed and pulps. Antimicrobial activity of the ethanol extract (Seed and pulp) against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Penicillium notatum was carried out using standard techniques. Staphylococcus aureus had the highest zone of inhibition for pulp having a range of 9.7mm±0.58mm - 19.7mm±2.52mm while Penicllium notatum had the least with 0.00mm. S.aureus also had the highest zone of inhibition range of 14.3mm±2.08mm - 21.3mm±1.53mm for the seed extract while penicillium had the least inhibition range of 5.0mm±1.00mm - 5.7mm±0.58. E.coli showed the highest minimum inhibitory concentration with ethanol extract of the pulp (160mg/ml) while penicillium notatum was not reactive. The minimum inhibitory concentration of seed against penillium notatum was the highest (160mg/ml) while staphylococcus aureus showed the lowest of 40mg/ml. The antimicrobial activity is as a result of the presence of phytochemicals detected, which suggest the use of the plant for the treatment of diseases caused by these organisms. Key words: Cola millenii, Phytochemical, Antimicrobial activity, Bacteria, Fungi

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Cymbopogon citratus Essential Oil Alone and in Combination with Origanum majorana and Caryophyllus aromaticus Essential Oils against Some Foodborne Bacteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
Razieh Partovi ◽  
Fazele Talebi ◽  
Zahra Boluki ◽  
Aghil Sharifzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Foodborne Bacteria ◽  
Origanum Majorana ◽  
Time Kill

Background: Food spoilage and foodborne diseases are two important problems in the food industry. On the other hand, consumers’ tendency to use natural additives is increasing. Hence, plant essential oils (EOs) can be safe alternatives in this regard. Objective: The objectives were to determine the chemical composition and to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Cymbopogon citratus EO against some foodborne bacteria alone and in combination with Origanum majorana and Caryophyllus aromaticus EOs. Materials and Methods: Chemical composition of C. citratus EO was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Further, antibacterial activity of the EO against foodborne bacteria was assessed using disk diffusion method. In addition, the minimum inhibitory concentration of the EO was determined by microdilution broth method and then the minimum bactericidal concentration value was determined. Checkerboard synergy testing was also performed to determine the fractional inhibitory concentration index. Finally, time-kill curves were drawn based on the bacterial population (CFU/mL) against time (h). Results: The major compounds of C. citratus EO were isothymol, thymol, trans-caryophyllene, and cymene. The most and the least sensitive foodborne bacteria to C. citratus EO were Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of C. citratus EO against all the evaluated bacteria were 0.1% and The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values ranged between 0.1 and >2% (v/v). The combination of C. citratus and O. majorana EOs showed a synergistic activity against Salmonella typhimurium and partial synergism against B. subtilis, Escherichia coli O157:H7, S. aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes. Moreover, the combination of C. citratus and C. aromaticus EOs demonstrated partial synergism against S. aureus and L. monocytogenes, and additive interaction against S. typhimurium; however, the combination was indifferent against E. coli O157:H7 and B. subtilis. Furthermore, C. citratus plus O. majorana EOs and C. citratus plus C. aromaticus EOs showed a bactericidal effect against S. typhimurium after 24 hours in the time-kill assay. Conclusion: In general, the synergism, partial synergism, and additive effects of C. citratus in combination with C. aromaticus and O. majorana EOs strengthen the antimicrobial activity, expand the spectrum of activity, reduce the concentrations required, decrease the side effects, and prevent the alteration of organoleptic properties of food.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF CHIVES AND GINGER EXTRACT ON ESCHERICHIA COLI AND SALMONELLA SPP. ISOLATED FROM BROILER CHICKENS

2019 ◽  
Vol 128 (3B) ◽  
Author(s):  
Phan Vu Hai ◽  
Hoang Thi Hong Van ◽  
Nguyen Van Chao ◽  
Nguyen Dinh Thuy Khuong ◽  
Thuong Thi Thanh Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Ginger Extract ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bactericidal Effects

The chives and ginger’s bulbs were extracted by ethanol 96%, 72%, 48% within 5, 10 and 15 days for each concentration (15, 30 and 45 days in total, respectively). The solidified extract then was used for antibacterial activity against E. coli and Salmonella spp. isolated from fecal of chickens with diarrhoea. The results showed that both ginger and chive, which socked and leached for greater than 30 days gave better antibacterial ability. Extracts diluted at concentrations of 5 µg/µl, 7.5 µg/µl and 10 µg/µl of ginger and chive bulbs are resistant to both bacteria. Compared with antibiotics, E. coli was resistant to amoxicillin, whereas Salmonella spp. was resistant to gentamicin and amoxicillin. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of chives extract (30 days) was 16-63 (31-125) mg/ml and ginger extract (30 days) was 16-80 (2-4) mg/ml; overall, the results indicated that both extract had bacteriostatic/bactericidal effects on E. coli and Salmonella spp.

Antimicrobial Activity of Crude Extract Obtained from the Root of Plumbago zeylanica

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Shafiqur Rahman ◽  
M Nural Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plumbago Zeylanica ◽  
Antifungal Activities ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Mic Value

Ethanolic extract of Plumbago zeylanica root was investigated for its antimicrobial activities against 11 human pathogenic bacteria and 6 phytopathogenic fungi using disc diffusion method and poisoned food technique respectively. The extract exhibited good antibacterial and antifungal activities against the test organisms. Among the test bacteria, Vibrio cholerae was found to be the most sensitive to the extract showing the highest diameter of zone of inhibition and lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value (200 μg/ml). The extract was also very effective against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa showing MIC value of 250 μg/ml. Among the phytopathogenic fungi tested, Curvularia lunata exhibited the highest sensitivity to the extract with an MIC value of 150 μg/ml, which was followed next by Colletotrichum corchori and Fusarium equiseti (MIC value 250 μg/ml). The root extract from P. zeylanica seems promising since it showed both antibacterial and antifungal activities.  Keywords: Antimicrobial activity, Plumbago zeylanica, Ethanolic extract, Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v24i1.1244  Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 24, Number 1, June 2007, pp73-75

CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND IN-VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF POLYALTHIA STENOPETALA ESSENTIAL OIL

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (6-8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Izzatie Munira Kamaruddin ◽  
Nor Azah Mohamad Ali ◽  
Muhd Fauzi Safian ◽  
Zaidah Zainal Ariffin
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Subtilis Atcc ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis Atcc

Polyalthia stenopetala essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation from the leaves and were analyzed using gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) system. Thirty one compounds were identified from the analysis. The most abundant components in the leaves oil are curzerene (37.56%) followed by viridiflorol (11.59%), germacrene B (3.77%) and aromadendrene (4.01%). The antimicrobial activity of the oil essential oils was determined with disk diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay. Four bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) Psedomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 10145) and two yeasts, Candida albicans (ATCC 10231) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ATCC 4098) were selected. The crude oil shows the most reactivity against B. subtilis (ATCC 6633) and C. albicans (ATCC 10231) with an inhibitory zone of 11mm. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of sample against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) Psedomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 10145) and Candida albicans (ATCC 10231) in range of 0.5 mg/ml – 1.0 mg/ml which can categorized as strong.

scholarly journals DAYA HAMBAT EKSTRAK BUAH ANDALIMAN (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC) DALAM ETIL ASETAT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Escherichia coli

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 257
Author(s):  
Fitri Maria Clarensia Sitanggang ◽  
Agus Selamet Duniaji ◽  
I Desak Putu Kartika Pratiwi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Strong Inhibition ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria

This study aims to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Consentration (MIC) of andaliman fruit extract (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC) in ethyl acetate against the growth of Escherichia coli bacteria. The design of this study used an experimental method with 10 extract concentrations for MIC testing, namely 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100% with 2 repetitions so that they were obtained 20 experimental units. The variables observed were the formation of clear zones, namely the inhibition produced by the presence of antimicrobial activity from andaliman fruit extract in ethyl acetate against the growth of Escherichia coli. Data from research results are presented in the form of tables, figure and discussed descriptively. Andaliman fruit extracts in ethyl acetate have varying inhibitory forces, namely at the concentrations of concentrations of 10% to 20% was 0.65 mm to 3.15 mm with weak inhibition categories, concentrations of 30% to 50% was 5.25 mm to 6, 60 mm in the moderate inhibition category and concentrations of 60% to 100% showed strong inhibition categories with inhibition diameters of 7.20 mm to 9.60 mm. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) for the growth of Escherichia coli was at the concentration of 60% with a clear zone diameter of 7.2 mm with a strong category.     Keywords : Andaliman fruit, Escherichia coli, antibacterial.

scholarly journals Investigating the antimicrobial activity of extract prepared by ultrasound against Escherichia coli isolated from poultry stool

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 01-05
Author(s):  
Elham Javadian
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Rotary Machine ◽  
Microdilution Method

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of Mentha piperita , Withania somnifera and Rosmarinus officinalis extract on antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli isolated from poultry stool in Zabol city. Materials & Methods: The extract of Mentha piperita, Rosmarinus officinalis and Withania somnifera was prepared by rotary machine. Escherichia coli strains were isolated from poultry stool samples. Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration were determined by microdilution method. Results: The results of this study showed that Mentha piperita extract showed the highest inhibitory ratio compared to other extracts. The minimum inhibitory concentration was 3.1 ppm, with 5 strains inhibited at this concentration. Discussion: The results of this study could be an effective strategy for production and preparation of medicinal plants to help treating E. coli infections.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Olive and Rosemary Leave Extracts Prepared with Different Solvents Against Antibiotic-Resistant Escherichia coli

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahman Fazeli-Nasab ◽  
Moharam Valizadeh ◽  
Mohammad Amir Hassanzadeh ◽  
Maryam Beigomi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

Background: This study was done to investigate the antimicrobial activity of rosemary and olive extracts on antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from quail feces in Zabol city. Methods: Ethanolic and methanolic extracts of rosemary (leaf) and olive (leaf) plants were prepared using a rotary apparatus. Also, E. coli strains were isolated from poultry feces samples, the minimum inhibitory concentration and the minimum bactericidal concentration were determined by the microdilution method. Results: The lowest values of MIC and MBC against E. coli were 12.5 ppm and 25 ppm for rosemary ethanolic extract and 25 ppm and 50 ppm for rosemary methanolic extract, respectively. The lowest values of MIC and MBC against E. coli were 12.5 ppm and 25 ppm for olive ethanolic extract and 6.25 ppm and 12.5 ppm for olive methanolic extract, respectively. Conclusions: In general, methanol solvent and olive extract are highly effective against E. coli. Due to the obtained results and increasing resistance of bacteria to chemical antibiotics, it is suggested that with further studies on olives and the use of methanol solvent in the extraction of plant extracts, antibacterial compounds of olives and other plants be used in the treatment of bacterial infections.

Green and Simple Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Aqueous Extract of Perovskia abrotanoides: Characterization, Optimization and Antimicrobial Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1129-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somayeh Mirsadeghi ◽  
Masoumeh F. Koudehi ◽  
Hamid R. Rajabi ◽  
Seied M. Pourmortazavi
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Silver Particles ◽  
Silver Nps ◽  
Perovskia Abrotanoides

Background: Herein, we report the biosynthesis procedure to prepare silver nanoparticles as reduction and capping agents with the aqueous plant extract of Perovskia abrotanoides. Methods: The therapeutic application of silver nanoparticles entirely depends on the size and shape of the nanoparticles therefore, their control during the synthesis procedure is so important. The effects of synthesis factors, for example, silver ion concentration, the mass of plant extract, reaction time and extraction temperature, on the size of silver particles were considered and optimized. Several analytical methods were used for the characterization of silver NPs including FT-IR and UV–Vis spectrophotometer, XRD and SEM. Results: The results showed that the mean size of the silver particles was about 51 nm. Moreover, the antibacterial properties of biosynthesized silver NPs were investigated by the minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentration, and Well-diffusion tests. The minimum inhibitory concentration/ minimum bactericidal concentration values of silver NPs and aqueous plant extract versus Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli) were 3.03/0.00, 1.20/0.01, 3.06/0.00, 0.98/1.04, 1.00/0.05 and 1.30/0.03 (mg/mL), respectively. Conclusion: The antimicrobial activity study displayed that the synthesized silver nanoparticles by plant extract have better antimicrobial properties compared to aqueous plant extract of Perovskia abrotanoides.

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