ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF CHIVES AND GINGER EXTRACT ON ESCHERICHIA COLI AND SALMONELLA SPP. ISOLATED FROM BROILER CHICKENS

The chives and ginger’s bulbs were extracted by ethanol 96%, 72%, 48% within 5, 10 and 15 days for each concentration (15, 30 and 45 days in total, respectively). The solidified extract then was used for antibacterial activity against E. coli and Salmonella spp. isolated from fecal of chickens with diarrhoea. The results showed that both ginger and chive, which socked and leached for greater than 30 days gave better antibacterial ability. Extracts diluted at concentrations of 5 µg/µl, 7.5 µg/µl and 10 µg/µl of ginger and chive bulbs are resistant to both bacteria. Compared with antibiotics, E. coli was resistant to amoxicillin, whereas Salmonella spp. was resistant to gentamicin and amoxicillin. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of chives extract (30 days) was 16-63 (31-125) mg/ml and ginger extract (30 days) was 16-80 (2-4) mg/ml; overall, the results indicated that both extract had bacteriostatic/bactericidal effects on E. coli and Salmonella spp.

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AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK BIJI JERUK SIAM (Citrus reticulata) PADA BAKTERI Escherichia coli

Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) ◽

10.29122/jbbi.v7i2.4194 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 289-295

Author(s):

Mohammad Arfi Setiawan ◽

Mita Dewi Retnoningrum ◽

Febriyandhi Yahya ◽

Resa Ragil Andika ◽

Dyan Hatining Ayu Sudarni

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Seed Extract ◽

Nutrient Agar ◽

Citrus Reticulata ◽

E Coli ◽

Mic Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Paper Disc

Antibacterial Activity of Citrus seed (Citrus reticulata) Extract on Escherichia coli Indonesian agriculture provides a resource of medicinal plants whose potential needs to be explored in order to benefit society. One of them is the use of Siam orange seeds (Citrus reticulata) which has the potential for the production of antibacterial compounds. This study aims to test the antibacterial activity of the ethanol and n-hexane extract of orange seeds. The extract was obtained through maceration techniques using ethanol and n-hexane as solvents. The antibacterial activity test of orange seeds against Escherichia coli used the paper disc diffusion method with nutrient agar (NA) media. The concentration of orange seed extract for the determination of MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) was 0.5, 2, 8, 10, 20 mg mL-1. The results showed that the ethanol and n-hexane extract of orange seeds had antibacterial activity against E. coli. However, the ethanol extract had a higher antibacterial effect than the n-hexane orange seed extract. From the results of this study, it is hoped that the waste of orange seeds will provide beneficial contribution for pharmaceutical development. Pertanian Indonesia memiliki sumber tanaman obat yang perlu digali potensinya agar bermanfaat bagi masyarakat. Salah satunya pemanfaatan biji jeruk siam (Citrus reticulata) yang berpotensi menghasilkan senyawa antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol dan n-heksana biji jeruk. Ekstrak diperoleh melalui teknik maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol dan n-heksana. Uji aktivitas antibakteri biji jeruk terhadap Escherichia coli menggunakan metode difusi paper disc dengan media nutrient agar (NA). Konsentrasi ekstrak biji jeruk untuk penentuan MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) adalah 0,5, 2, 8, 10, 20 mg mL-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol dan n-heksana biji jeruk memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap E. coli. Namun, ekstrak etanol memiliki efek antibakteri yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan ekstrak biji jeruk n-heksana. Dari hasil penelitian ini, limbah biji jeruk diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi bermanfaat bagi pengembangan farmasi.

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In Vitro Antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract of Myrsine africana against laboratory Strains of Pathogenic Organisms

International Journal of Bioassays ◽

10.21746/ijbio.2016.04.0011 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (04) ◽

pp. 4512

Author(s):

Jackie K. Obey ◽

Anthoney Swamy T* ◽

Lasiti Timothy ◽

Makani Rachel

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

E Coli ◽

Zones Of Inhibition ◽

In Vitro Antibacterial Activity ◽

Myrsine Africana

The determination of the antibacterial activity (zone of inhibition) and minimum inhibitory concentration of medicinal plants a crucial step in drug development. In this study, the antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration of the ethanol extract of Myrsine africana were determined for Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The zones of inhibition (mm±S.E) of 500mg/ml of M. africana ethanol extract were 22.00± 0.00 for E. coli,20.33 ±0.33 for B. cereus,25.00± 0.00 for S. epidermidis and 18. 17±0.17 for S. pneumoniae. The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) is the minimum dose required to inhibit growth a microorganism. Upon further double dilution of the 500mg/ml of M. africana extract, MIC was obtained for each organism. The MIC for E. coli, B. cereus, S. epidermidis and S. pneumoniae were 7.81mg/ml, 7.81mg/ml, 15.63mg/ml and 15.63mg/ml respectively. Crude extracts are considered active when they inhibit microorganisms with zones of inhibition of 8mm and above. Therefore, this study has shown that the ethanol extract of M. africana can control the growth of the four organisms tested.

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Transcriptome analysis of Escherichia coli K1 after therapy with hesperidin conjugated with silver nanoparticles

BMC Microbiology ◽

10.1186/s12866-021-02097-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Abdulkader Masri ◽

Naveed Ahmed Khan ◽

Muhammad Zarul Hanifah Md Zoqratt ◽

Qasim Ayub ◽

Ayaz Anwar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Neonatal Meningitis ◽

E Coli ◽

Drug Candidates ◽

Metabolic Genes ◽

Genetic Mechanisms ◽

Cell Stress Response

Abstract Backgrounds Escherichia coli K1 causes neonatal meningitis. Transcriptome studies are indispensable to comprehend the pathology and biology of these bacteria. Recently, we showed that nanoparticles loaded with Hesperidin are potential novel antibacterial agents against E. coli K1. Here, bacteria were treated with and without Hesperidin conjugated with silver nanoparticles, and silver alone, and 50% minimum inhibitory concentration was determined. Differential gene expression analysis using RNA-seq, was performed using Degust software and a set of genes involved in cell stress response and metabolism were selected for the study. Results 50% minimum inhibitory concentration with silver-conjugated Hesperidin was achieved with 0.5 μg/ml of Hesperidin conjugated with silver nanoparticles at 1 h. Differential genetic analysis revealed the expression of 122 genes (≥ 2-log FC, P< 0.01) in both E. coli K1 treated with Hesperidin conjugated silver nanoparticles and E. coli K1 treated with silver alone, compared to untreated E. coli K1. Of note, the expression levels of cation efflux genes (cusA and copA) and translocation of ions, across the membrane genes (rsxB) were found to increase 2.6, 3.1, and 3.3- log FC, respectively. Significant regulation was observed for metabolic genes and several genes involved in the coordination of flagella. Conclusions The antibacterial mechanism of nanoparticles maybe due to disruption of the cell membrane, oxidative stress, and metabolism in E. coli K1. Further studies will lead to a better understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying treatment with nanoparticles and identification of much needed novel antimicrobial drug candidates.

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Antibacterial activity of ginger extracts on bacteria isolated from digestive tract infection patients attended Muhoza Health Center

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v11i2.27449 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 35-41

Author(s):

Callixte Yadufashije ◽

Adolyne Niyonkuru ◽

Emanuel Munyeshyaka ◽

Sibomana Madjidi ◽

Joseph Mucumbitsi

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Health Center ◽

Digestive Tract ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Ginger Extract ◽

E Coli ◽

Shigella Spp ◽

Stool Samples

Background: Ginger (Zingiber officinale) has been used for long time due to its potential antimicrobial activity against diversity of microbial pathogens. Aims and Objectives: The study was carried out to investigate the bacteria pathogens found in digestive tract infections and assess antimicrobial activities of ginger extract to identified bacteria. Materials and Methods: Bacteriological studies were carried out on stool samples from 30 patients attending Muhoza health center. Different types of bacteria were isolated from stool samples of digestive tract infection patients by using various methods such culture, biochemical test and antimicrobial activity of ginger extracts was analyzed at INES-Ruhengeri in clinical microbiology laboratory. Results: Study findings showed isolated bacteria and antibacterial activity of Ginger. Isolated bacteria and their percentages including Escherichia coli (46.6%) which is the predominant isolated bacteria, Salmonella species (33.33%), Enterobacter spp (10.0%), Shigella spp (6.6%) and Citrobacter (3.33%) which is the least isolated bacteria. Antibacterial activity of ginger was seen on isolated bacteria, as ethanol and methanol were used for ginger oil extraction, the antibacterial activity of ginger extracts using ethanol was seen on isolated bacteria such us Citrobacter spp with 14 mm of inhibition zone, Shigella spp with 12 mm, Salmonella with 11.1 mm, E. coli with 9.5 mm and Enterobacter spp which was seen to be resistant to ginger extract using ethanol with 0.66mm of inhibition zone. For methanol extracts antibacterial activity was seen as follows: Citrobacter spp at 12 mm, Shigella spp at 11 mm, E. coli at 8 mm, salmonella spp at 6.1 mm, and Enterobacter spp with 5 mm. Enterobacter spp was seen to be the most resistant bacteria in both extracts. Conclusion: Ginger has shown to have an antibacterial activity on bacteria isolated from digestive tract infected patients. It can be used as a medicine to treat these infections. Number of researches should be done to be sure on this reality of antibacterial activity of ginger.

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Efektivitas Fluoroquinolon Terhadap Isolat Bakteri Saluran Pencernaan Ular Sanca Batik (Python reticulatus)

Acta Veterinaria Indonesiana ◽

10.29244/avi.1.1.27-31 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 27-31

Author(s):

Agustina Dwi Wijayanti ◽

Antasiswa Windraningtyas Rosetyadewi ◽

Tri Untari

Keyword(s):

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Brilliant Green ◽

Salmonella Spp ◽

E Coli

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang efektivitas antibiotika golongan fluoroquinolon (flumequin dan enrofloksasin) terhadap Salmonella dan E. coli yang diisolasi dari saluran pencernaan ular sanca batik (Python reticulatus). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas fluoroquinolon terhadap infeksi saluran pencernaan pada ular dan reptil pada umumnya. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan 8 ekor sanca batik dewasa yang menderita gangguan pencernaan dengan lesi klinis berupa mouthrot. Sampel ulas kloaka dan mulut serta sampel darah diambil dari semua ular, untuk selanjutnya dilakukan uji mikrobiologis berupa isolasi dan identifikasi bakteri melalui media Brilliant Green Agar (BGA), Mc Conkay Agar (MCA), Triple Sugar Iron (TSI) dan media biakan murni. Isolat murni yang didapatkan adalah Salmonella spp. dan E. coli dan selanjutnya dilakukan uji sensitivitas bakteri terhadap flumequin dan enrofloksasin serta penentuan Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) untuk enrofloksasin. Hasilnya adalah kedua antibiotika efektif terhadap Salmonella dan intermediet terhadap E. coli. Nilai MIC enrofloksasin terhadap Salmonella adalah 2,5 μg/ml.

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Antibacterial Activity of Geraniol in Combination with Standard Antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Helicobacter pylori

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1801300701 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 1934578X1801300 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Subrat Kumar Bhattamisra ◽

Chew Hui Kuean ◽

Lee Boon Chieh ◽

Vivian Lee Yean Yan ◽

Chin Koh Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Synergistic Effect ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

E Coli ◽

Checkerboard Assay ◽

H Pylori

The antibacterial activity of geraniol and its effect in combination with ampicillin, amoxicillin and clarithromycin against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Helicobacter pylori was tested. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and combinatory effects of geraniol against the bacteria were assessed by using the modified broth microdilution and checkerboard assay, respectively. The combinatory effect is expressed as fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI). The MIC of geraniol against S. aureus, E. coli and H. pylori was found to be 11200, 5600, and 7325 μg/mL, respectively. A significant synergistic effect was observed with geraniol and ampicillin against S. aureus with FICI in the range 0.19 to 0.32. Geraniol and ampicillin exhibited a partial synergistic effect against E. coli. A similar effect was observed with geraniol and clarithromycin against S. aureus. A partial synergistic effect was observed with clarithromycin and geraniol against H. pylori with the FICI value in the range 0.86 to 0.89. An additive effect was observed with geraniol and amoxicillin combination against H. pylori. However, the amoxicillin and clarithromycin dose was reduced by thirty-two fold when combined with geraniol against H. pylori. The anti- H. pylori effect of geraniol with clarithromycin and amoxicillin could be of potential interest in the treatment of H. pylori infection and associated ulcers in humans. Further, geraniol, in combination with other antibiotics, has substantial therapeutic potential against S. aureus and E.coli infection.

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Assessment of antimicrobial activity of Cola milleni seed and pulp extracts against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Penicillium notatum

Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences ◽

10.4314/bajopas.v12i1.12s ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 71-75

Author(s):

A.M. Aliyu ◽

S.J. Oluwafemi ◽

S. Kasim

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Bioactive Components ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

Penicillium Notatum ◽

Standard Techniques

All over the world, hundreds of plants have been identified based on researchers and experimental evidence as good sources of medicinal agents. The bioactive components (phytochemicals) of both the seeds and pulp of Cola milleni were extracted using ethanol as solvent. The bioactive components detected were alkaloids, tanins, saponins, cardiac glycosides, carbohydrates, sterols, resins and terpenes while Flavonoids, anthraquinones, anthracyanides and phenol were not detected for both the seed and pulps. Antimicrobial activity of the ethanol extract (Seed and pulp) against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Penicillium notatum was carried out using standard techniques. Staphylococcus aureus had the highest zone of inhibition for pulp having a range of 9.7mm±0.58mm - 19.7mm±2.52mm while Penicllium notatum had the least with 0.00mm. S.aureus also had the highest zone of inhibition range of 14.3mm±2.08mm - 21.3mm±1.53mm for the seed extract while penicillium had the least inhibition range of 5.0mm±1.00mm - 5.7mm±0.58. E.coli showed the highest minimum inhibitory concentration with ethanol extract of the pulp (160mg/ml) while penicillium notatum was not reactive. The minimum inhibitory concentration of seed against penillium notatum was the highest (160mg/ml) while staphylococcus aureus showed the lowest of 40mg/ml. The antimicrobial activity is as a result of the presence of phytochemicals detected, which suggest the use of the plant for the treatment of diseases caused by these organisms. Key words: Cola millenii, Phytochemical, Antimicrobial activity, Bacteria, Fungi

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Comparative evaluation of antibacterial efficacy of plants traditionally used as antidiarrheal against enteropathogenic Escherichia coli

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.6697 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Ashish Srivastava ◽

D. B. Mondal

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Punica Granatum ◽

Psidium Guajava ◽

Antibacterial Efficacy ◽

E Coli ◽

Methanolic Extracts

The study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial efficacy against enteropathogenic E. coli of plants commonly used to treat calf-diarrhoea. Methanolic extracts of six plants (Aegle marmelos, Curcuma longa, Dalbergia sissoo, Mangifera indica, Psidium guajava and Punica granatum) were screened for their antibacterial property against enteropathogenic E. coli by standard disc diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and of the extract exhibiting highest antibacterial activity was estimated by broth dilution method and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was measured by streaking the contents of MIC tubes on nutrient agar plates. Among the six extracts tested, only extracts of Curcuma longa, Psidium guajava and Punica granatum exhibited antibacterial activity against E. coli. Out of these three, Punica granatum extract was found to be most effective with a mean inhibition zone of 14.67±0.577 mm followed by Psidium guajava (9.67±0.577 mm) and Curcuma longa (8.67±0.577 mm), produced by the disc containing 8.00 mg of respective extract. Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of the Punica granatum extract were estimated to be 02.00 mg/mL and 03.00 mg/mL respectively. These findings suggest that methanolic extracts of Curcuma longa, Psidium guajava and Punica granatum possess antibacterial activity against enteropathogenic E.coli

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Serum Inhibitory and Bactericidal Activity of Ciprofloxacin following Intravenous Administration

DICP ◽

10.1177/106002808902300603 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 23 (6) ◽

pp. 456-460

Author(s):

Michael N. Dudley ◽

Hilary D. Mandler ◽

Kenneth H. Mayer ◽

Stephen H. Zinner

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Bactericidal Activity ◽

Resistant Strain ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽

E Coli ◽

Dose Levels

Serum inhibitory and bactericidal titers were measured in nine healthy volunteers following single iv doses of ciprofloxacin 100, 150, and 200 mg. The median peak serum bactericidal titer (5 minutes following completion of a 30-minute infusion) against two highly susceptible strains of Escherichia coli ranged between 1:64 and 1:1024 and titers exceeded 1:8 for six hours for all dose levels. The bactericidal titers against two strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and a methicillin-resistant strain of Staphylococcus aureus were considerably lower, the median peak being 1:2 at all dose levels. Measured inhibitory and bactericidal titers at five minutes and one hour postinfusion were significantly greater than those predicted (measured serum ciprofloxacin concentration to minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] or minimum bactericidal concentration [MBC]) for only one strain of E. coli. Intravenous doses of ciprofloxacin 100–200 mg produce high and sustained serum bactericidal titers against highly susceptible bacteria; considerably lower levels of activity are seen against bacteria having higher MICs and MBCs but still considered susceptible to the drug.

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Heterogeneous Absorption of Antimicrobial Peptide LL37 inEscherichia coliCells Enhances Population Survivability

10.1101/313536 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Mehdi Snoussi ◽

John Paul Talledo ◽

Nathan-Alexander Del Rosario ◽

Bae-Yeun Ha ◽

Andrej Košmrlj ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Mathematical Model ◽

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Cell Density ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Single Cell Level ◽

Cell Level ◽

E Coli ◽

Rapid Absorption ◽

Growing Population

AbstractAntimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are broad spectrum antibiotics that selectively target bacteria. Here we investigate the activity of human AMP LL37 againstEscherichia coliby integrating quantitative, population and single-cell level experiments with theoretical modeling. Our data indicate an unexpected, rapid absorption and retention of a large number of LL37 byE. colicells upon the inhibition of their growth, which increases the chance of survival for the rest of population. Cultures with high-enough cell density exhibit two distinct subpopulations: a non-growing population that absorb peptides and a growing population that survive owing to the sequestration of the AMPs by others. A mathematical model based on this binary picture reproduces the rather surprising behaviors ofE. colicultures in the presence of LL37, including the increase of the minimum inhibitory concentration with cell density (even in dilute cultures) and the extensive lag in growth introduced by sub-lethal dosages of LL37.

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