scholarly journals Direct seeded rice cultivation method: a new technology for climate change and food security

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
S Marasini ◽  
TN Joshi ◽  
LP Amgain
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Change Scenario ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Direct Seeded

Rice (Oryza sativa) is the major food crop in terms of production and economy and grown in all ecological regions of Nepal. Rice is cultivated traditionally through transplanting of 20-25 days old seedling in the country. Due to unavailability of suitable technology for rice cultivation, there is a huge yield gap in rice production of Nepal. Country has made target of self-sufficiency in rice production by 2020 AD. This target can be achieved through adoption of Direct seeded rice cultivation technology of rice cultivation which also helps to adapt in the climate change scenario of Nepal. Due to issues of water scarcity and expensive labour, direct seeded rice cultivation technology is adopting worldwide. Direct seeded rice is a resource conservation technology and reduces water and labor use by 50%. Productivity of DSR is 5-10% more than the yield of transplanted rice. It offers a very exhilarating opportunity to improve water and environmental sustainability. Methane gas emissions is lower in DSR than with conventionally tilled transplanted puddle rice. It involves sowing pre-germinated seeds into a puddled soil surface (wet seeding), standing water (water seeding) or dry seeding into a prepared seedbed (dry seeding). Precise water management, particularly during crop emergence phase (first 7-15 days after sowing), is crucial in direct seeded rice. Furthermore, weed infestation is the major problem, which can cause large yield losses in direct seeded rice. Weed management in DSR can be done through chemical, hand weeding or stale seed bed method.

scholarly journals Increasing the efficiency of rice production through the introduction of resource-saving technologies on the example of rice systems in Krasnodar Territory

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00031
Author(s):  
Igor Prihodko
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Irrigation Project ◽  
Irrigation Technology ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Potential Area

Rice cultivation is the most resource-intensive production in the Russian agro-industrial sector. Historically, the technology of flooded rice cultivation in thу Krasnodar Territory has remained virtually unchanged for more than 90 years. This is due not only to the biological but also to the technological features of its cultivation. In this connection, the issue of optimizing the production process of rice cultivation is becoming increasingly important every year. Global experience in rice cultivation has determined a further direction of research on optimizing rice cultivation technologies, namely the development of a resource-saving technology for drip irrigation of rice. The pioneering research done by domestic scientists to test drip irrigation of rice in Russia has proved the feasibility and effectiveness of their use. This article proposes a modern resource-saving drip irrigation project for rice, which was tested in OOO “Chernoerkovskoe” in the Slavyanskiy District of the Krasnodar Territory. The authors have proved the efficiency of the proposed rice cultivation technology, resulting in the reduction of irrigation norm, material, labour, energy and technical-technological resources in rice production and crops of rice rotation. The introduction of the new technology has improved not only the biometric indicators of rice, but also the ameliorative condition of soils. Drip irrigation technology makes it possible to cultivate rice outside the rice irrigation systems on land previously used for rain-fed agriculture, which will increase not only the potential area under rice cultivation, but also the geography of rice cultivation in Russia.

scholarly journals Direct Seeded Rice: A New Technology for Enhanced Resource-Use Efficiency

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishal Bista
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Method ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Good Opportunity ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Use Efficiency

Rice (Oryza sativaL.) is a major staple food crop that feeds around 60% of the world’s population. It is a major food crop in terms of production, economy and is grown in all ecological zones of Nepal. In Nepal, traditional method of rice cultivation is widely accepted in which 20-25 days old seedlings are transplanted in the puddled field. Looming water scarcity, water-intensive traditional method of rice cultivation, escalating labour costs pressurize the development of alternative which is highly sustainable and profitable. Direct-seeded rice (DSR) offers a very good opportunity that can cope up the global need and reduces the water use to 50%, labour cost to 60% and increases productivity by 5-10%. It involves sowing of pre-germinated seeds into wet soil surface (wet seeding), dry soil surface (dry seeding) and standing water (water seeding). Weeds are the major constraint in direct-seeded rice (DSR) reducing the crop yield upto 90% and sometimes even crop failure. Enhanced nutrient use efficiency and integrated weed management can produce comparable yields to that of transplanted rice (TPR) encouraging many farmers to switch to DSR. Methane gas emission is significantly lower in DSR than in conventionally tilled puddled transplanted rice mitigating the world’s threat of global warming. Blast disease and root-knot nematode (RKN) are other important problems associated with DSR. Based on the evidences collected, the article reviews integrated package of cultivation technologies associated with DSR, advantages, constraints and likeliness of DSR to be the future of rice cultivation in Nepal.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(3): 181-198

scholarly journals A Review of Technology Innovation in Increasing Rice Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
F. Faisal ◽  
Marlina Mustafa ◽  
Yunus Yunus
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Agricultural Technology ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Technology Innovations ◽  
Integrated Crop Management ◽  
Agricultural Research And Development ◽  
Cultivation Technology

Rice is the main commodity in Indonesia so it needs to be supported by technological innovation in the context of increasing production. Currently, the Agricultural Research and Development Agency has created technological innovations to increase rice production because it is necessary to disseminate information on technological innovations so that all users can know and take advantage of these innovations. The purpose of writing this paper is to provide information and an overview of some of the current agricultural technological innovations in Indonesia that contribute to increasing rice production in Indonesia. Several agricultural technology innovations are currently being implemented such as new superior varieties technology, planting jajar legowo, Salibu rice cultivation system, hazton rice cultivation, SRI rice cultivation technology, integrated planting calendar, and integrated crop management. These technological innovations have had an impact on increasing rice production in Indonesia

scholarly journals Climate Change Implications for Rice Cultivation

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Prabir Datta ◽  
Utpalendu Debnath ◽  
C. K. Panda
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Impact ◽  
Seasonal Prediction ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Asian Rice ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Change Impact ◽  
Agriculture Management

The inter-linkage between climate change and agriculture are multidimensional and complex. Crop response to climate change depends on the location specific baseline climate and soil condition thus; no consensus has emerged so far on how rice production will be affected by climate change impact in India. SRI methods have been implemented for more robust and healthy plants and the larger and deeper root systems. Climate change might have some adverse impacts on rice production that has been reflected in several literatures. As per Prof. M.S. Swaminathan, there will be a decline in Asian rice production due to climate change impact. International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) has indicated one-degree increase in temperature could cause a reduction of 10 percent in rice yield. Climate directly influences the physiological processes of rice plant’s growth, development and grain formation. Indirectly, climate influences the incidence of crop pests, diseases and hence, and grain yields. A skilful seasonal prediction will likely become significantly essential to provide the necessary information to guide agriculture management to mitigate the compounding impacts of soil moisture variability and temperature stress in rice cultivation.

scholarly journals An assessment of irrigated rice cultivation with different crop establishment practices in Vietnam

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Van-Hung Nguyen ◽  
Alexander M. Stuart ◽  
Thi-My-Phung Nguyen ◽  
Thi-Minh-Hieu Pham ◽  
Ngoc-Phuong-Thanh Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Mekong River Delta ◽  
Crop Establishment

AbstractOveruse of seed and chemical inputs is a major constraint for sustainable rice production in Vietnam. In this study, two seasons of field trials were conducted to compare different crop establishment practices for rice production in the Mekong River Delta using environmental and economic sustainability performance indicators. The indicators including energy efficiency, agronomic use efficiency, net income, and greenhouse gas emissions (GHGEs) were quantified based on four treatments including manual broadcast-seeding, blower seeding, drum seeding, and mechanized transplanting. Across the four treatments, yields ranged from 7.3–7.5 Mg ha−1 and 6.2–6.8 Mg ha−1 in the Winter-Spring (WS) and Summer-Autumn (SA) seasons, respectively. In comparison with direct seeding methods, mechanized transplanting decreased the seed rate by 40%. It also led to a 30–40% reduction in pesticide use during the main crop season (WS). Mechanized transplanting required higher inputs, including machine depreciation and fuel consumption, but its net energy balance, net income and GHGE were at a similar level as the other non-mechanized planting practices. Mechanized transplanting is a technology package that should be promoted to improve the economic and environmental sustainability of lowland rice cultivation in the Mekong River Delta of Vietnam.

scholarly journals Assessing the impacts of climate change on dependable flow and potential irrigable area using the SWAT model. The case of Maasin River watershed in Laguna, Philippines

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-98
Author(s):  
Lanie A. Alejo ◽  
Victor B. Ella
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Stream Flow ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Change Scenario ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Seasonal changes in rainfall and temperature brought about by climate change affect water resources availability for rice production areas. There are currently no published applications of the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model on quantified effects of climate variability on irrigation service areas for rice production. The study assessed the impacts of climate change on dependable flow and potential irrigable areas of the Maasin River in Laguna, Philippines. Projected variations of rainfall and temperature in 2020 and 2050 developed using PRECIS model based on special report on emission scenarios were employed. The SWAT model was then used to simulate stream flow for each climate change scenario, from which dependable flows were quantified using flow duration analysis. Diversion water requirements for the rice areas in the watershed were determined using CROPWAT. Based on dependable flows and irrigation demand, the potential irrigable areas were estimated. Calibration and validation of the SWAT model showed satisfactory performance in stream flow simulations. The dependable flow in irrigation systems may decline by more than 50% in 2020 and by as much as 97% in 2050, because of seasonal changes in rainfall. In effect, the potential irrigable area may decrease to less than half of the current service area depending on the level of greenhouse gases emissions. SWAT water balance projections suggest surface runoff during wet seasons and increase annual groundwater recharge are possible sources of supplemental irrigation. Provisions of suitable storage reservoir facilities and groundwater development projects will alleviate water scarce conditions. The study demonstrated a technique that may be applied in other irrigation systems in the Philippines and in other countries to quantify the effects of climate change on dependable flows and potential irrigable areas. It can serve as an input to water resources planning and policy recommendations for climate change adaptation and risk reduction strategies. This technique can also be used to assess water resources in other perennial rivers and its viability for the development of new irrigation systems in the Philippines.

scholarly journals Interactive Effect of Weeding Regimes, Rice Cultivars, and Seeding Rates Influence the Rice-Weed Competition under Dry Direct-Seeded Condition

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Sharif Ahmed ◽  
M. Jahangir Alam ◽  
Akbar Hossain ◽  
A. K. M. Mominul Islam ◽  
Tahir H. Awan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Hybrid Cultivar

Dry direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.), a climate-smart and resource-efficient (labor and water) rice production technology is gaining popularity in many parts of Asian countries; however, weeds are the major constraints for its early establishment and optimum productivity. Chemical weed management is effective, rapid, and also decreases weed management costs in dry direct-seeded rice (DSR) system; however, chemical use for weed management have a negative effect on the environment and also have human health hazards. Therefore, integrated weed management (IWM) is the best option for the sustainability of rice production under the DSR system. Improving competitiveness against weeds, weed-competitive rice cultivars, and high seeding rates were found to be the most promising IWM strategies in DSR. In this context, a field study was conducted to evaluate the weed competitiveness of rice cultivars and seeding rates on the performance of aus rice in dry direct-seeded systems in Bangladesh. Three inbred rice cultivars (CV), namely “BRRI dhan26”, “BRRI dhan48”, and “BRRI dhan55”, and one hybrid cultivar, “Arize” were tested in a seeding rate (SR) of 20, 40, and 80 kg ha−1 under two weeding regimes (WR) of weed-free and partially-weedy. Rice grain yield was strongly affected (p < 0.01) by the interactions of WR, CV, and SR. In weed-free conditions, the yield of all three inbred cultivars was increased up to SR of 40 kg ha−1 and for the hybrid cultivar, up to SR of 20 kg ha−1, and with further increment of SR, there was no yield advantage. Conversely, under partially weedy conditions, the yield of three inbred cultivars increased up to SR of 80 kg ha−1; however, for the hybrid cultivar, this increment was up to SR of 40 kg ha−1 and thereafter, no yield gain. In weedy conditions, the higher SR compensates for the yield losses by increasing the competitiveness of rice with weeds. Across SR, the hybrid cultivar had a significantly (p < 0.01) higher weed competitive index (WCI) than all the inbred cultivars and the highest SR always had a higher WCI.

scholarly journals PERSEPSI PETANI TERHADAP TEKNOLOGI “PANCA KELOLA” DI LAHAN RAWA BEKAS TERBAKAR (Kasus lahan gambut bekas terbakar Desa Talio Hulu Kecamatan Pandih Batu Kab. Pulang Pisau)

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 408
Author(s):  
Yanti Rina Darsani ◽  
Yiyi Sulaeman ◽  
Masganti Masganti
Keyword(s):  
Rice Production ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Urea Fertilizer ◽  
Land Preparation ◽  
Management Technology ◽  
Cultivation Technology

To understand the potential for increasing rice production on burnt peatlands, a demo farm (demonstration of grouped farming and fishing) which is a collaboration between Balittra and BRG which covers an area of 38 ha in Talio Hulu Village, Pandih Batu District, Pulang Pisau Regency, Central Kalimantan in 2020-2021. This study aims to discover the farmers' perceptions of the technology components and performance of rice cultivation technology. The activities have been carried out on farmers' land by applying “Five Management” technology include (1) water management techniques; (2) land preparation, (3) amelioration and fertilization (4) utilization of new high yielding varieties with high yield potential, and (5) integrated pest and disease control. Data were collected from 24 cooperating farmers by survey method. Primary data were collected by conducting direct interviews with farmers using a structured questionnaire. The data collected was tabulated and analyzed descriptively. The results showed that burned peatlands have the potential to increase rice production. The results showed that burned peatlands have the potential to increase rice production.. The response of farmers to the components of rice cultivation technology is positive. The five technology components that have the highest value with a value of 95.83% are (1) water regulation in paddy fields, (2) the utilization of ash and urea fertilizer in the nursery, (3) the utilization of manure and lime as ameliorant, (4) the utilization of urea fertilizer, SP-36, and NPK, and (5) the utilization of natural phosphate. The farmer's perception of the Five Management technology is positive.  Economically, rice farming of the Inpara 2 variety is efficient (R/C = 1.14). 

Climate resilient rice production system: Natural resources management approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (Special) ◽  
pp. 143-167
Author(s):  
Mohammad Shahid ◽  
Sushmita Munda ◽  
Rubina Khanam ◽  
Dibyendu Chatterjee ◽  
Upendra Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Production System ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Weather Events

Climate change is widely recognized as one of the most pressing issues confronting humanity today. It is considered to be a direct threat to our food production system including rice. Climate change affects rice production in various ways. The variability in temperature and precipitation increases, predictability of seasonal weather patterns reduces and the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events such as droughts, floods and cyclones increases. In India, the effect of natural disasters on agriculture, including disasters caused by climate change has been gradually growing. It is believed that during the mid and end century India's future rice production is projected to reduced by 2.5 to 5% from the current level. As there is less scope for rice area to grow in the future, any growth in rice production will have to come only from productivity gains. Since climate change is a continuous process, the rice production system requires specific adaptation strategies to prevent rice yield losses and its variability. Therefore, it's critical to understand how climate change affects rice crop and to follow better production practises including crop establishment methods, water management, weed management, nutrient management and microbial resources utilization that make cropping systems more resilient to extreme weather events. The spread of climate resilient production technologies would benefit rice production systems' resilience.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document