scholarly journals Reproductive health and birth practices among early married females: A cross-sectional study in Jaipur India

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
Chintu Chaudhary ◽  
Mohd. Najmul Aqib Khan ◽  
Sameena Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
History Of ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health

Background: Early marriage is not only a violation of females but also causes harm to their physical and psychological health. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of early marriage and its association with reproductive health of females. Materials and Methods: This community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 322 married females in the field practice areas of JNU-IMRC, Jaipur, Rajasthan. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 20.0. Results: The study found that 53.4% of the females had married before the age of 18 years. Significant associations were found between age at marriage, their socio-economic status, number of children, awareness of contraception, and history of various obstetric complications (P<0.05). Conclusion: The study brings forth the fact that early marriages have an adverse effect on reproductive health of the females. Rigorous efforts and policies should be put in place for the adolescents to understand their reproductive health better.

PREVALENCE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH EARLY MARRIAGE IN CHIPULUKUSU TOWNSHIP OF NDOLA, ZAMBIA:cross sectional study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satiel Banda
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Child Marriage ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Lower Education Level ◽  
Lower Education

BACKGROUND In the statistics taken from media brief on ending child marriage in Zambia, (2014) states, “Zambia is the third highest country with cases of child marriages in the SADC region and 19th in the world. In Zambia, about 42 per cent of women aged 20-24 years are married by the age of 18 – a rate that has not evolved since 2002. The rates of child marriages vary from province to province, and are as high as 60 per cent in the Eastern Province. (www.girlsnotbrides.org.) accessed on 20th November 2014. At 13.42) The ZDHS [Zambia Demographic Health Survey] indicates that among married girls aged 15-19 in Zambia, 68 percent have already given birth. In addition, most of the births occurring to girls before age 18 are first births (85 percent), and a majority of these first births occur within marriage. A Central Statistical Office (CSO) report of 2010 carried out by Plan Zambia indicates that “only a few adolescent girls and boys complete upper primary education while the enrolment ratio in secondary education is 13.4% for males and 12.9% for females.” The report concludes that child marriage is the critical driver for this state of affairs. OBJECTIVE This study is aimed at determining the prevalence and factors associated with child marriage in Chipulukusu township of Ndola. Zambia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in Chipulukusu Township within the location of Ndola. A pretest questionnaire was used to collect information on child marriage prevalence and factors towards the practice of child marriage and other relevant socio-demographic characteristics. RESULTS the prevalence of early marriage in Chipulukusu township of Ndola district, Zambia was 20.7 % with it being significantly associated with lower social economic status (poverty), lower education level, orphanhood and teen pregnancies CONCLUSIONS the prevalence of early marriage in this study was high. Its prevalence was significantly associated with people of poor backgrounds (poverty), teen pregnancies, lower education level, and orphan hood.

scholarly journals Health Co-morbidities and Early Marriage in Women of a Rural Area of Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (230) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naresh Manandhar ◽  
Sunil Kumar Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Young Person ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Early marriage is defined as the marriage of a young person less than 18 years. Early marriage is more prevalent in South Asia as more than half of all child marriage occurs here. Thirtyseven percent of girls in Nepal marry before age 18 years. This study was done to find out the health consequences of early marriage in women of a rural area of Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 10th to 15th Feb 2020 February in 358 women from Panauti, Kavrepalchowk. The convenient sampling method was used. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee. Economic status was assessed by using Kuppuswamy’s socioeconomic scale. The collected data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science version 20. Point estimate at 95% confidence interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: The prevalence of early marriage was 187 (52.2%) (47.03 to 57.37 at 95% confidence interval). One hundred sixteen (62%) early marriage women had gynecological problems followed by depression problem 85 (45.5%) and miscarriage 32 (17.1%). The mean age of marriage was 17.2 years. The majority, i.e. 167 (89.3%) of respondents who married earlier were Hindu by religion. Early marriage was observed in 104 (55.6 %) of illiterate women. Conclusions: The prevalence of early marriage was high. Early married women had a lower level of socio-economic status, lower level of education, which harmed the participants' health status.

scholarly journals Sexualized Drug Use Among Female Sex Workers from Eight Cities in China: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason J. Ong ◽  
Mingzhou Xiong ◽  
Joseph D. Tucker ◽  
Yajie Wang ◽  
M. Kumi Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
History Of

AbstractThere is a rich literature on sexualized drug use (i.e., drug use before or during sex) for men who have sex with men but less data from female sex workers (FSW), particularly from low- and middle-income countries. We describe the sexual and reproductive health outcomes in FSW reporting sexualized drug use. In 2019, we conducted a cross-sectional study in eight cities from seven provinces in China. We recruited FSW through community organizations working with sex workers and included those aged 18 years or above, exchanged sex at least once for money or goods in the past three months, and had traded sex for longer than a year. Multivariable logistic regression models were used. In total, 650 women participated: average age was 38.8 years (SD 10.2), 57.1% reported a monthly income over 5000 RMB ($USD 707), and 12.8% completed high school or above. Among participants, 65 (10.0%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 7.8–12.6) reported a history of sexualized drug use. Compared to FSW who never reported a history of sexualized drug use, FSW who reported a history of sexualized drug use had greater odds of working for a manager compared to being self-employed (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 4.04, 95% CI 2.12–7.69), work in a sauna (AOR 2.43, 95% CI 1.09–5.41), charging a higher price for vaginal sex (AOR 2.15, 95% CI 1.14–4.06), and ever diagnosed with STIs (AOR 4.51, 95% CI 2.61–7.80). One in ten FSW reported sexualized drug use. Although they had similar risk profiles in terms of consistency of condom use and reproductive health outcomes, these women were more likely to report past STIs than those who reported no sexualized drug use. Health workers who work with substance users should devote attention to the sexual practices of their clients to make sure that they have safer sex.

Pattern of menarche age (normal, early and late) and its relationship with some demographic characteristics in girls and their parents

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naeimeh Tayebi ◽  
Zahra Yazdznpanahi ◽  
Shahrzad Yektatalab ◽  
Marzieh Akbarzadeh ◽  
Najaf Zare
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Menarche Age

Abstract Background: Menarche age is an indicator of a girl’s puberty besides the clinical assessment of detecting deviations. This study aimed to search the pattern of menarche age (normal, early and late) and its relationship with some demographic characteristics in girls and their parents. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on girls aged between 9 and 18 years old in Shiraz city. About 2000 students were selected through cluster sampling. Data collection was done by applying a demographic information form. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: About 1386 students (69.3%) had the history of menarche (at least once). The mean age of menarche was 12.26±1.11 years in Shiraz. The menarche age of the girls ranged from 9 years (as the least) to 15 (as the maximum). The prevalence of late menarche was 1.1%. In addition, no early menarche was reported. There was no relationship between menarche age and economic status, birth order and number of children, but a significant relationship was found between the parents’ education, house status, and the lifestyle of parents. Conclusion: The mean menarche age has been decreasing in cities. Therefore, it seems necessary for the families to be aware about the influence of time, trend and affecting factors on menarche; this helps them to make good decisions when educating their teenagers.

scholarly journals Attitudes of Physicians in Jordan Toward Non-Disclosure of Health Information

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saif M. Borgan ◽  
Justin Z. Amarin ◽  
Areej K. Othman ◽  
Haya H. Suradi ◽  
Yasmeen Z. Qwaider
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Right To Know ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Truth Disclosure ◽  
The Right To Know ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health ◽  
The Right ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Objectives: Our aim was to investigate the attitudes of physicians in Jordan toward non-disclosure and the differential attitudes of physicians who are “always truthful” and those who are not. Methods: Our report is based on the second subset of data from a cross-sectional study of the truth disclosure practices and attitudes of physicians in Jordan, which was conducted between January and August 2016. We selected 240 physicians from four major hospitals by stratified random sampling, and we invited them to complete a self-administered questionnaire regarding truth disclosure attitudes. We compared the attitudes of physicians who were “always” truthful and those who were not. Results: In total, 164 physicians (68%) completed the questionnaire, of whom 17 (10%) were “always truthful”, while the remaining 144 (90%) were not. Physicians who were “always truthful” were more likely to indicate that non-disclosure is “unethical” (77% v. 39%; p=0.009). Moreover, physicians who were “always truthful” were more likely to disagree that non-disclosure is beneficial for the physical and psychological health of patients (82% v. 55%; p=0.03). The majority of physicians agreed that all patients have the right to know their diagnosis, most patients prefer to know their diagnosis, and the introduction of legislation to enforce disclosure would positively affect medical practice in Jordan. Conclusion: The differential attitudes of physicians who were “always truthful” and those who were “not always truthful” suggest a rationale behind independent non-disclosure, namely that non-disclosure is ethically justifiable and beneficial for the physical and psychological health of patients.Keywords: Truth Disclosure • Physicians • Attitude • Jordan • Middle East • Cross-Sectional Studies

scholarly journals Adolescent Mothers Reproductive Health Status in an Iranian Setting: A Cross-Sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam zare ◽  
Afrouz Mardi ◽  
Mozhgan Gaffari-moggadam ◽  
Nazila Nezhad-dadgar ◽  
Malek Abazari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Adolescent Mother ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background: Reproductive health of married adolescent mothers including family planning, sexual, psycho-social and maternal health is still a severe and persistent challenge, where millions of women give birth before the age of 18 in developing countries. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the reproductive health status in married adolescent mothers attending Ardabil health care centers in 2019. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 312 married adolescent mothers, which were selected through a convenient sampling method in 2019. A demographic information questionnaire and Adolescent Women's Reproductive Health Questionnaire were completed anonymously. Data were analyzed using Statisical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 20). Results: The mean age of the participants, the mean age of their husbands, and the mean age of marriage were 16.41±0.85, 24.18±2.29 and 15.06±1.15 years, respectively. The mean score of reproductive health for adolescent mothers in this study was 63.78 ±11.06. There was a significant relationship between age, education, parity, age and education of husband and contraceptive methods with reproductive health status in married adolescent mothers (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that to promote the reproductive health in adolescent mother, we need to improve the education level, and awareness of women, and their spouses and increasing their ability to use contraceptive methods. This study supports the evidence of the negative role of early marriage and motherhood on the reproductive health of adolescent mothers.

scholarly journals Determinants and impact of early marriage on mother and her newborn in an urban area of Davangere: a cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1278
Author(s):  
Navneet Kaur Sandhu ◽  
Geethalakshmi R. G.
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Child Marriage ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status

Background: Early marriage is a long established custom in India. In spite of the legislations prohibiting early marriages, the prevalence of child marriages in our country is 30.2%, with the highest prevalence in Rajasthan (35.4%) and lowest in Himachal Pradesh (0.5%).Thus, this study was undertaken to study the prevalence, determinants and impact of early marriage on the mother and her newborn in an urban area of Davangere. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of 6 months in the Urban Family Welfare Centre, Doddapete. A total of 900 mothers were interviewed with the help of pre- designed and semi-structured questionnaire after taking informed consent. Results: The prevalence of child marriage in the present study was found to be 13% with 81% mothers belonging to lower socio- economic status and 77% belonging to Muslim religion. Most (62%) mothers married before the age of 18 years due to economic reasons. 54% of the mothers who married before the age of 18 years faced complications during delivery. 6% of the mothers married before the age of 18 years gave birth to low birth weight babies. Conclusions: The literacy and socio-economic status of the mother and her parents was observed as a major determinant in deciding the age at marriage. In spite of the prevailing religious traditions and socio-cultural influences that promote child marriage, an attempt should be made to educate the community regarding the medical and legal aspects of early marriage. 

scholarly journals Association Between Passive Smoking and Health Among Chinese Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-ling Xia ◽  
Shi-qi Xiao ◽  
Qi-jun Wu ◽  
Xin-ying Yu ◽  
Lin-lin Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Passive Smoking ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health ◽  
Smoking And Health

This study aimed to investigate the association between passive smoking and physical and psychological health in Chinese nurses. Participants of this cross-sectional study comprised 2,484 non-smoking nurses. Passive smoking and demographic information were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. Physical, psychological, and overall health status of nurses were measured using the Cornell Medical Index (CMI) health questionnaire. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for nurses' health were estimated by exposure to passive smoking using unconditional logistic regression models. A total of 1,219 nurses (49.07%) were exposed to passive smoking. Of these, 609 (24.52%), 160 (6.44%), and 587 (23.63%) nurses had poorer physical, mental, and overall health, respectively. After adjusting for other confounding factors, compared with the non-passive smoking group, passive smoking was associated with poor physical (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.25–1.83), mental (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.07–2.07), and overall (OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.30–1.93) health of nurses, respectively. We also carried out subgroup analyses stratified by age, department, and professional title, which showed that most findings supported the main results. This study demonstrated that exposure to passive smoking was a risk factor for overall decreased physical and mental health status among Chinese nurses.

scholarly journals Healthcare Workers’ Perspectives on the Upcoming COVID-19 Vaccine in Terms of Their Exposure to the Influenza Vaccine in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 465
Author(s):  
Leena R. Baghdadi ◽  
Shatha G. Alghaihb ◽  
Alanoud A. Abuhaimed ◽  
Dania M. Alkelabi ◽  
Rawan S. Alqahtani
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Seasonal Influenza Vaccine ◽  
History Of

In 2019, a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)) caused a global pandemic. There was an urgent need to develop a vaccine against COVID-19 to reduce its spread and economic burden. The main objective of this study was to understand the attitudes and concerns of healthcare workers (HCWs) towards the upcoming COVID-19 vaccine, whether their decision was influenced by their history of taking the seasonal influenza vaccine, and factors that influence the acceptance of the upcoming COVID-19 vaccine. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. We selected and surveyed 356 HCWs via an electronic self-administered questionnaire. A total of 61.16% of HCWs were willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, and 55.9% of them had received the seasonal influenza vaccine in the preceding year (2019–2020). The strongest predictors for taking the COVID-19 vaccine were the HCWs’ belief that the COVID-19 vaccine would be safe, needed even for healthy people, that all HCWs should be vaccinated against COVID-19, and that HCWs will have time to take the vaccine. Being female, being middle aged, having <5 years of work experience, having no fear of injections, and being a non-smoker were predictive factors for taking the upcoming COVID-19 vaccine. No associations were found between the intention to take the COVID-19 vaccine and a history of taking the seasonal influenza vaccine.

scholarly journals Prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection and feasibility of TB preventive therapy among Thai prisoners: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sivaporn Gatechompol ◽  
Weerakit Harnpariphan ◽  
Ruamthip Supanan ◽  
Gompol Suwanpimolkul ◽  
Jiratchaya Sophonphan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Preventive Therapy ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ltbi Prevalence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Latent Tb ◽  
Latent Tb Infection

Abstract Background Prisons are considered as major reservoirs for tuberculosis. Preventive therapy for latent TB infection (LTBI) is an adjunctive strategy to control TB. However, LTBI data in Thai prisoners is limited. This study assessed the prevalence of LTBI and feasibility of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT). Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among prisoners in Klong Prem Central Prison, Bangkok. Participants were screened for active TB by questionnaire and chest X-ray. LTBI was evaluated by Tuberculin skin test (TST) and QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFTP) among subgroup. Participants with positive TST or QFTP were considered to have LTBI. Participants with LTBI were offered IPT. Results From August 2018–November 2019, 1002 participants were analyzed. All participants were male with a median age of 38 (IQR 32–50) years. LTBI identified by either TST/QFTP was present in 466 (46.5%) participants. TST was positive in 359 (36%) participants. In the subgroup of 294 participants who had both TST and QFTP results, 181/294 (61.6%) tested positive by QFTP. Agreement between TST and QFTP was 55.1% (Kappa = 0.17). The risk factors associated with LTBI were previous incarceration (aOR 1.53, 95%CI, 1.16–2.01, p = 0.002), history of prior active TB (aOR 3.02, 95%CI, 1.74–5.24, p < 0.001) and duration of incarceration ≥10 years (aOR 1.86, 95%CI, 1.24–2.79, p = 0.003). Majority of LTBI participants (82%) agreed to take IPT. Three hundred and 56 (93%) participants completed treatment whereas 27 (7%) participants discontinued IPT due to the side effects of INH. Conclusion This is the first study to evaluate the prevalence of LTBI and feasibility of IPT among Thai prisoners. LTBI prevalence in male prisoners in Thailand is high. LTBI screening and treatment should be implemented together with other preventive components.

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