scholarly journals Evaluation of Serum Hepatocellular Enzymes in Nigerian with Goitre

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-81
Author(s):  
Johnkennedy Nnodim ◽  
Emejulu Adamma ◽  
Elendu Humphrey Ndubueze
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Imo State ◽  
And Control

Objective: The determination of serum gammaglutamyl transferase (GGT),alkaline phosphatase(ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in patient with goitre in Owerri, Imo state Nigeria were investigated.Material & Methods: Thirty confirmed patients with goitre age 50 to 70years with the following thyroid index (Total T4 > 140.65±7.28nmol/l , Total T3 > 2.43±0.96nmol/l, Free T4 < 50.24±9.11nmol/l and TSH > 4.12±1.00nmol/l) were selected for the study. Thirty normal subjects free from goiter age 50 to 70 years were used as control. Patients with complications such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension and diabetes were excluded.Results: The level of serum gamaglutamyl transferase in goitre subjects was significantly higher (50.32 ±4.27 iu/l) when compared with control (17.50±3.94 iu/l) at P< 0.05. In the same vein the level of alkaline phosphatase was significantly higher (110.9m/l±12.92 iu/l) when compared with the control (56.3±12.06 iu/l) P<0.05. The levels of AST and ALT in goitre and control were not significant when compared with the control.Conclusion: This observation shows that gammaglutamyl transferase and alkaline phosphatase are frequently in-creased in goitre. Hence, they are possibly thyroid dependent enzymes.Key Words: Gammaglutamyl transferase; alkaline phosphatase; aspartateaminotransferase; alanine aminotransferase; thyroid hormonesDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v2i2.3870Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 2 (2011) 79-81

scholarly journals Leucas zeylanica (L.) R. Br. protects ethanol and hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress on hepatic tissue of rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (9) ◽  
pp. 148-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahdat Hossain ◽  
Mijanur Rahman ◽  
Nusrat Fatima ◽  
Mozammel Haque ◽  
Jahirul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Antioxidative Activity ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Hepatic Tissue

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of Leucas zeylanica against oxidative stress on hepatic tissue. Oxidative stress was induced by exposing hepatic tissue to ethanol and Fenton’s reagent (H2O2+FeSO4). The effect of oxidative stress on liver also was evaluated by the determination of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and the levels of lipid peroxide (LPO). The antioxidative activity of L. zeylanica was determined by estimating it ability to inhibit the hepatic levels of lipid peroxide (LPO), as indicator of oxidative stress. Concomitantly, the antioxidant phytochemicals such as polyphenols and flavonoids were assessed against pyrogallol and quercetin standards. The ALT and AST activities and the levels of LPO of hepatic tissue were significantly increased by oxidative stress. L. zeylanica pretreatment, however, significantly repressed the oxidative stress on hepatic tissue, as indicated by the decreased activities of ALT and AST enzymes and levels of LPO. Analyses of the phytochemicals revealed that the extract of L. zeylanica contained substantial amounts of polyphenols (74.32 ± 4.6 µg of pyrogallol equivalent/mg) and flavonoids (15.69 ± 2.2 µg quercetin equivalent/mg of extract). Finally, the results of the present study demonstrated the presence of antioxidant phytochemicals, including polyphenols and flavonoids in L. zeylanica and henceforth conferred protection against ethanol and H2O2-induced oxidative stress on hepatic tissue.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v2i9.16076 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal, August 2013, 2(9): 148-151

Hepatotoxic effects of chloroform extract of Artemisia macivera Linn in rats following intraperitoneal administration of different subchronic doses

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
SE Atawodi ◽  
AC Ene ◽  
DA Ameh
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Hepatocellular Injury

The possible hepatotoxic effects of chloroform extract of Artemisia maciverae was evaluated biochemically and histologically using male Swiss albino rats, randomly assigned into four groups of 24 animals each. The groups (control, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) were treated for 60 days and then monitored for another 30 days before sacrifice. Alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin (total and direct), total protein and albumin were assessed colorimetrically, while tissue specimens were subjected to histological examination following standard hematoxyline-eosin staining techniques. After 1 week of treatment, the extract caused statistically significant elevation in levels of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin (total and direct), while there was significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the levels of serum total protein and albumin at the onset of treatment when compared with the control. These abnormalities in the levels of serum biochemical parameters were spontaneously corrected within 2 weeks of treatment. Similarly, histological assessment showed severe hepatic tissue injuries after 1 week, but these organs recovered spontaneously by the second week of treatment. The results indicate that long-term exposure to therapeutic doses of chloroform extract of A maciverae is relatively safe, but high dose exposure may result in hepatocellular injury.

scholarly journals Comparison of a full-spectrum multi-analyte clinical analyser with six reference instruments using canine and feline blood samples

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 342-350
Author(s):  
CS Lin ◽  
GH Chiang ◽  
CH Liu ◽  
HC Tsai ◽  
CC Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Total Bile Acid ◽  
Analytical Performance ◽  
Blood Samples

In this study, we report the characterisation of a novel centrifugation and spectrum-integrated veterinary clinical analyser, the AmiShield<sup>TM</sup>, which has been developed for the multiplex measurement of biochemical, electrolyte and immunoassay parameters in a point-of-care testing environment. The aims of this study were to evaluate the analytical performance of the AmiShield<sup>TM</sup> and to compare it with six reference instruments using clinical blood samples. Two hundred and four canine and 120 feline blood samples collected from veterinary teaching hospitals were analysed in parallel using the AmiShield and appropriate reference instruments. All results were evaluated separately for canine and feline specimens. The instrument’s analytical performance was evaluated initially for short- and long-term precision, bias, and observed total error using quality control material. This was followed by comparison of clinical specimens on the AmiShield analyser in parallel with the Vitros and Hitachi for biochemical parameters, VetScan and SNAPshot for total bile acids, and VetLyte and Biolyte for electrolytes. Overall, the AmiShield analyser’s performance met the standards of the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology for total allowable error for most analytes, and can be considered suitable for use in veterinary clinical practices. Using canine samples, excellent correlation coefficients (r ≧ 0.92) were identified for 14 analytes of various categories including glucose, total protein, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, amylase, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, phosphorus, Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, Cl<sup>–</sup> and total bile acid, while good correlations (0.91 ≧ r ≧ 0.80) were recorded for albumin (r = 0.91). Bland-Altman difference plots also showed agreement (greater than 95% within Limits of Agreement) for glucose, total protein, albumin, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, amylase, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, Cl<sup>–</sup> and total bile acid between AmiShield and the reference instruments. However, aspartate aminotransferase and phosphorus exhibited higher outliers, implying potential problems associated with matrix interferences such as lipemic samples, which warrant further study. This study demonstrates that the AmiShield compares favourably with standard reference instruments, and the new device generated data of high quality for most analytes in clinical canine and feline samples. The capability of reliably measuring multi-category analytes in one device using minute amounts (170 μl) of whole blood and short turn-around times (&lt; 15 min) underlines the high potential of the device as a good alternative in-house diagnostic application.

scholarly journals Can elevated concentrations of ALT and AST predict the risk of ‘recurrence’ of COVID-19?

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Z. Chen ◽  
Z. H. Lin ◽  
J. Chen ◽  
S. S. Liu ◽  
T. Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Concomitant Disease ◽  
Risk Of Recurrence ◽  
Tongji Medical College ◽  
Medical College ◽  
And Control

Abstract ‘Recurrence’ of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has triggered numerous discussions of scholars at home and abroad. A total of 44 recurrent cases of COVID-19 and 32 control cases admitted from 11 February to 29 March 2020 to Guanggu Campus of Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology were enrolled in this study. All the 44 recurrent cases were classified as mild to moderate when the patients were admitted for the second time. The gender and mean age in both cases (recurrent and control) were similar. At least one concomitant disease was observed in 52.27% recurrent cases and 34.38% control cases. The most prevalent comorbidity among them was hypertension. Fever and cough being the most prevalent clinical symptoms in both cases. On comparing both the cases, recurrent cases had markedly elevated concentrations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (P = 0.020) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (P = 0.007). Moreover, subgroup analysis showed mild to moderate abnormal concentrations of ALT and AST in recurrent cases. The elevated concentrations of ALT and AST may be recognised as predictive markers for the risk of ‘recurrence’ of COVID-19, which may provide insights into the prevention and control of COVID-19 in the future.

Some Methodological Modifications of the Technicon "SMA 12/60 AutoAnalyzer" System

1972 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 630-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tevfik K Bigat ◽  
Abraham Saifer
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Glucose Oxidase ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
New Method ◽  
Green Method ◽  
Bromcresol Green ◽  
Made In

Abstract Methodological modifications have been made in our "SMA 12/60 AutoAnalyzer" system, to improve the reproducibility and accuracy of six commonly performed procedures. These include glucose with the glucose oxidase method, albumin with the bromcresol green method, and alkaline phosphatase with the sodium thymolphthalein monophosphate method. We have also modified the composition of the reagents used in the determination of protein, inorganic phosphate, and aspartate aminotransferase. A general approach that is useful for adapting a new method to a multichannel AutoAnalyzer system is discussed.

scholarly journals Biochemical Effects to Toxicity of CCl4 on Rosy Barbs (Puntius conchonius)

Our Nature ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Bhattacharya ◽  
L. Lun ◽  
G.D. Gomez R.
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Target Organ ◽  
Biochemical Changes ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Biochemical Effects

Biochemical changes in the liver, kidneys and gills of rosy barbs due to toxicity of CCl4 were measured after 96 hour exposure. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinin (CRN), levels were measured. Significant increase in ALP, ALT, LDH and BUN activities were observed in the liver in the treated groups compared to controls (P < 0.05). AST level was significantly higher in the kidneys. This study indicates that the enzymatic activity was comparatively higher in the liver than kidneys or gills, suggesting that the liver is the target organ of CCL4 toxicity to rosy barbs.Keywords: Toxicity, Rosy Barb, CCl4doi:10.3126/on.v3i1.330Our Nature (2005)5:20-25

scholarly journals A Comparative Study on the Hepatoprotective Effect of Tamarindus indica and Vitamin E in Long Evans Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
NJ Shammi ◽  
ZK Choudhry ◽  
MI Khan ◽  
MM Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Tamarindus Indica ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Long Evans

The protective effects of ethanolic extract of Tamarindus indica leaves and seeds in compoarison to vitamin E, were studied on paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in Long Evans Rats. Different groups of animals were administered in the paracetamol (1500mg /kg, p.o.) for 7 days. Ethanolic extracts of leaves and seeds of Tamarindus indica (1250mg/kg) with parallel vitamin E (500 mg/kg), were administered to paracetamol pretreated rats. On treatment with paracetamol a significant increase in alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase were observed. On administration of ethanolic extracts of leaves and seeds a significant decrease in the level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were observed and histopathological examination of liver tissue revealed an almost return to normal architecture. The result were almost comparable to vitamin E, a known hepatoprotective agent. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmb.v6i2.17645 Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2013; 6(2): 63-67

Hepatotoxicity Associated with Cisplatin Chemotherapy

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Cersosimo
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Case Summary

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of possible cisplatin-associated hepatotoxicity. CASE SUMMARY: A 69-year-old man received three cycles of cisplatin (100 mg/m2) and fluorouracil (1000 mg/m2/d for five days) for management of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Liver enzyme concentrations were within normal limits prior to each cycle of therapy but the aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase concentrations increased on the second day of each cycle. The concentrations began to decline on day 3 of each course, despite continued fluorouracil administration, and returned to normal by day 10. The patient's antiemetic therapy included metoclopramide in cycle 1 and ondansetron in cycles 2 and 3, which may have contributed to the enzyme elevations. DISCUSSION: Case reports of cisplatin-associated hepatotoxicity are reviewed. An association between cisplatin administration and hepatotoxicity is proposed in this patient. CONCLUSIONS: This patient may have experienced cisplatin-induced liver damage. Metoclopramide and ondansetron may have contributed to this effect.

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