Effect of coffee on blood pressure and electrocardiographic changes in nicotine users

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to see the effect of coffee on Heart rate Blood pressure and ECG changes in nicotine users.Methods: The study was conducted on 120 volunteers aged 21-40 years and with body mass index (BMI) between 17.3-28.0 kg /m2 .The subjects were divided into two groups: Control (n=40) and Study group (n=80).Results: Observation suggests that increment in blood pressure, recorded in study group after coffee ingestion, was lesser than that of control group. We also observed that there were no significant changes in diastolic blood pressure in any group while the mean arterial pressure was higher in both the groups following coffee ingestion.Conclusion: Coffee ingestion decreases the heart rate with no changes in QTc, hence we concluded that less amount of coffee ingestion may not be harmful.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i3.10090Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(3) 2015 46-48

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The COMPARISON BETWEEN HYPERBARIC BUPIVACAINE PLUS FENTANYL AND HYPERBARIC BUPIVACAINE ALONE IN SPINAL ANESTHESIA FOR CAESAREAN SECTION

Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal ◽

10.51253/pafmj.v71i3.3618 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 71 (3) ◽

pp. 1033-36

Author(s):

Fatima Iqbal ◽

Manzoor Ahmed Faridi ◽

Aisha Saeed ◽

Inamullah Shah

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Caesarean Section ◽

Arterial Blood Pressure ◽

Mean Arterial Blood Pressure ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Hyperbaric Bupivacaine ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

The Mean

Objective: To compare the result of the combination of hyperbaric bupivacaine plus fentanyl with hyperbaric bupivacaine alone in patients undergoing caesarean section in spinal anaesthesia. Study Design: Comparative, cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anesthesia, Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Dec 2017 to Jun 2018. Methodology: After consulting the institutional ethical review committees a total of 60 females between ages 18-40 years were enrolled for caesarean section delivery. They were divided into two groups. The study group (n=30) received a subarachnoid injection of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine (10mg) 2ml with 25ug of fentanyl 0.5ml and control group (n=30) was injected 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 12.5mg (2.5 ml) only. Pain experienced during the procedure was assessed by using 10-point visual analogue scoring method. The mean duration of analgesia, mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate after surgery were compared between two groups. Results: The mean duration of analgesia was 206.5/min ± 6.4 in the study group and it was 163.6min ± 7.2 in the control group (p=0.001). Mean arterial BP after surgery was 92.3mmHg ± 3.8 in the study group and 88.7mmHg ± 4.1 in the control group (p=0.001). The mean heart rate recorded after surgery was 75.2/min ± 5.2 in the study group and it was 70.4/min ± 6.1 in the control group (p=0.001). Conclusions: The mean duration of analgesia was significantly longer in the study group when compared with the control group with better mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate response after Caesarean section.

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Effect of intravenous oxycodone on the physiologic responses to extubation following general anesthesia

BMC Anesthesiology ◽

10.1186/s12871-021-01350-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Menglu Jiang ◽

Jiawei Ji ◽

Xin Li ◽

Zhenqing Liu

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

General Anesthesia ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Clinical Trial Registry ◽

Blood Oxygen Saturation ◽

Blood Concentrations ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Blood Hormones

Abstract Background Endotracheal intubation and extubation may cause undesirable hemodynamic changes. Intravenous oxycodone has recently been introduced and used for relieving hemodynamic alterations in response to intubation, but there is insufficient information regarding its application in stabilizing hemodynamics during extubation in the patients emerging from general anesthesia. Methods One hundred patients, who had undergone assorted laparoscopic surgeries under general anesthesia, were randomly assigned to Control group (saline injection, 50 cases) and Study group (intravenous injection of 0.08 mg/kg oxycodone immediately after completion of the surgical procedure, 50 cases). Blood pressure, heart rate, blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) as well as blood concentrations of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and cortisol were recorded or measured immediately before extubation (T0), during extubation (T1), as well as one minute (T2), 5 min (T3), and 10 min after extubation (T4). In addition, coughing and restlessness, time of eye-opening, and duration from completing surgery to extubation as well as Ramsay Sedation Scale were analyzed. Results Blood pressure and heart rate as well as blood concentrations of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and cortisol were significantly higher in the Control group compared with the Study group at the time of extubation as well as 1, 5, and 10 min after extubation (P < 0.05). When the patients emerged from general anesthesia, 70 % of the Control group had cough, which was significantly higher than that of Study group (40 %, P < 0.05). Significantly higher number of patients manifested restlessness in the Control group before (40 %) and after extubation (20 %) compared with that in the Study group (20 and 2 %, respectively, P < 0.05). In addition, patients of Control group had lower Ramsay score at extubation (1.7 ± 0.7) as well as 30 min after extubation (2.4 ± 0.9) compared to that of the patients of Study group (2.2 ± 0.9, and 3.0 ± 0.8, respectively, P = 0.003 and 0.001). Conclusions Intravenous oxycodone attenuated alterations of hemodynamics and blood hormones associated with extubation during emergence from general anesthesia. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2000040370 (registration date: 11-28-2020) “‘retrospectively registered”.

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Cardiovascular response and backward, upward, right push maneuver during laryngoscopy: comparison between CMAC® video laryngoscopy and conventional Macintosh

Medical Journal of Indonesia ◽

10.13181/mji.v26i2.1505 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 116-21

Author(s):

Arif H.M. Marsaban ◽

Aldy Heriwardito ◽

I G.N.A.D. Yundha

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Mean Arterial Pressure ◽

Cardiovascular Response ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Nociceptive Stimulation ◽

Cardiovascular Parameters ◽

Pain Stimulation ◽

Frequent Response

Background: Increased blood pressure and heart rate are the most frequent response to laryngoscopy which sometimes causes serious complications. Laryngoscopy technique and tools modification lessen the nociceptive stimulation, thus preventing hemodynamic response. BURP maneuver is used to lower Cormack-Lehane level, but it can cause additional pain stimulation during laryngoscopy. The aim of this study was to compare the cardiovascular response and the need of BURP maneuver during laryngoscopy between CMAC® and conventional Macintosh.Methods: A randomized, single blinded, control trial was performed to 139 subjects who underwent general anesthesia with endotracheal tube. Subjects were randomised into a control group (conventional Macintosh) and an intervention group (CMAC®). The cardiovascular parameters (systolic, dyastolic, mean arterial pressure, and heart rate) were measured prior to induction (T1). Midazolam 0.05 mg/kg and Fentanyl 2 micrograms/kg were given 2 minutes before the induction. Moreover, they were given propofol 1 mg/kg followed by propofol infusion of 10 mg/kg/hour and Atracurium 0.8–1 mg/kg. After TOF-0 cardiovascular parameters (T2) were remeasured, it was proceeded to laryngoscopy. When Cormack-Lehane 1–2 was reached (with or without BURP maneuver), cardiovascular parameters were measured again (T3).Results: Unpaired T-test showed that cardiovascular response during laryngoscopy were significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control group (p<0.05). The need of BURP maneuver was significantly lower in the CMAC® group compared to the Convensional Macintosh group (13.9% vs 40.3%; p<0.05).Conclusion: Cardiovascular response and BURP maneuver during laryngoscopy with CMAC® were significantly lower compared to conventional Macintosh.

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Anesthetic Effect of Compound Artevacaine Hydrochloride in Patients Undergoing Oral Implantation

Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research ◽

10.26689/jcnr.v5i4.2373 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 220-224

Author(s):

Chengxi Chi ◽

Mengmeng Zhao ◽

Jiajing He ◽

Yanli Wang

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Operation Time ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Research Subjects ◽

Implant Surgery ◽

Anesthetic Effect ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Oral Implant

Objective: To investigate and analyze the anesthetic effect of compound artevacaine hydrochloride in patients undergoing oral implantation. Methods: In this study, 60 patients receiving oral implant surgery in our hospital were selected as the research subjects, and the operation time was from July 2019 to March 2021. Patients were randomly selected and divided into groups for the study. 30 patients receiving lidocaine hydrochloride anesthesia were used as the control group, and 30 patients receiving compound artevacaine hydrochloride anesthesia were used as the research group. The anesthetic effect and safety of the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results: The anesthetic effect of the study group was significantly better than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The blood pressure and heart rate in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in blood pressure and heart rate between the two groups before anesthesia (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of ADR between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions: For patients undergoing oral implant surgery, choosing compound artevacaine hydrochloride as anesthetic drug has obvious anesthetic effect and can stabilize patients' life indexes. The anesthetic effect is obvious, and there is no obvious adverse reaction, and the clinical value is obvious.

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The Effect of Dipping Tobacco on Pulse Wave Analysis among Adult Males

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/7382164 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Areeg E. Elemam ◽

Nisreen D. Omer ◽

Neima M. Ibrahim ◽

Ahmed B. Ali

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Pulse Wave Analysis ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Adult Males ◽

Wave Analysis ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Wall Stiffness

Background. The current study investigated the effect of dipping tobacco (DT) use on arterial wall stiffness which is a known marker of increased risk of cardiovascular events. Methods. A case-control study which included 101 adult males was carried out in Al-Shaab Teaching Hospital. Blood pressure and pulse wave analysis parameters were recorded in 51 DT users (study group) before and after 30 minutes of placing tobacco and in 50 nontobacco users (control group). Anthropometric measurements were collected using data collection sheet. Data were entered into a computer and analyzed by using the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results. At baseline measurements, heart rate (HR) was significantly lower in the study group compared to the control group ( 66.15 ± 9.21 vs. 72.87 ± 10.13 beats/min; P value ≤ 0.001). Subendocardial viability ratio (SEVR) was significantly higher in the study group compared to the control group ( 203.44 ± 30.34 vs. 179.11 ± 30.51 % ; P value ≤ 0.001). Acute effects of DT compared to pretobacco dipping showed significant increase in HR ( 72.50 ± 10.89 vs. 66.15 ± 9.21 beats/min; P value ≤ 0.001) and significant decrease in augmentation pressure (AP) (4.30 (2.30-8.00) vs. 3.30 (0.60-6.3) mmHg; P value ≤ 0.001), ejection duration (ED) ( 271.65 ± 19.42 vs. 279.53 ± 20.47 ms ; P value ≤ 0.001), and SEVR ( 187.11 ± 29.81 vs. 203.44 ± 30.34 ; P value ≤ 0.001). Linear regression analysis for AP predictor showed that only HR and AIx@75 affect and predict the values of AP ( Beta ± SE ; − 0.242 ± 0.019 , P value ≤ 0.001; 0.685 ± 0.014 , P value ≤ 0.001). Conclusions. Long-term use of DT was not associated with permanent changes in heart rate and blood pressure. Acute tobacco dipping caused an acute increase in heart rate and oxygen demands of myocardium.

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Endocan Concentration in Patients With Primary Hypertension

Angiology ◽

10.1177/0003319717736158 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 69 (6) ◽

pp. 483-489 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Dominika Musialowska ◽

Edyta Zbroch ◽

Ewa Koc-Zorawska ◽

Piotr Musialowski ◽

Jolanta Malyszko

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Cell Adhesion ◽

Endothelial Dysfunction ◽

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Leukocyte Count ◽

Pressure Control ◽

Primary Hypertension ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group

Inflammation and endothelial dysfunction may play an important role in the multifactorial pathogenesis of hypertension. Endocan is also thought to play a role in cell adhesion and inflammatory disorders. The aim of the study was to compare endocan concentrations in patients with primary hypertension and healthy volunteers. There were 104 patients with hypertension (study group) and 21 healthy volunteers (control group). The correlation between endocan, catecholamines, and blood pressure control in patients with primary hypertension and the control group was analyzed. The median endocan concentration in the study group (2.03 ng/mL) was significantly higher than in the control group (1.09 ng/mL, P = .0001). Endocan concentration was correlated positively with renalase ( r = .2, P = .047) and norepinephrine ( r = .25, P = .02). Negative correlation was observed between endocan and body mass index ( r = −.25, P = .016) and leukocyte count ( r = −.36, P = .0004). The present study reports higher plasma endocan concentration in patients with treated, well-controlled primary hypertension compared with healthy volunteers. The higher endocan concentration in the study group may reflect endothelial dysfunction in this population.

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Comparison of Autonomic Function using Valsalva Ratio, Heart Rate, and Blood Pressure in Meditators and Nonmeditators

Current Trends in diagnosis & Treatment ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10055-0002 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 6-9

Author(s):

Roopam Bassi ◽

Kiran ◽

Kawalinder Girgla

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Autonomic Function ◽

Valsalva Maneuver ◽

Well Being ◽

Control Group ◽

Relaxation Techniques ◽

Mean Values ◽

The Mean ◽

The Difference

ABSTRACT Introduction In recent years, the various health benefits of meditation have been acknowledged by the scientific community as well as by the public. Apart from its physiological benefits, it can also improve the psychological and spiritual well-being. A case–control study was planned to investigate the effect of Rajyoga Meditation on cardiovascular autonomic activity in meditators and nonmeditators. Materials and methods The study was conducted on 100 subjects, randomized into two groups: meditators (n = 50; age 35.80 ± 7.69 years) and nonmeditators (n = 50; age 36.76 ± 6.38 years). The meditator group practiced meditation for 30 minutes in the morning as well as in the evening. The control group did not practice any type of meditation or relaxation techniques. The cardiovascular parameters – heart rate (HR), systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and Valsalva maneuver tests – were performed in both the groups in the same environmental conditions. The data were compiled and analyzed using unpaired t test. Results The mean values of HR in meditators and the control group were 77.08 ± 5.39 and 80.68 ± 5.71 respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The mean values of SBP in meditators and nonmeditators were 124.60 ± 5.39 and 129.56 ± 4.30 mm Hg respectively, while those for DBP were 77.84 ± 4.65 and 80.80 ± 4.78 mm Hg respectively. The difference in both was statistically significant. In meditators, Valsalva ratio was 1.60 ± 0.20, while in nonmeditators, it was 1.33 ± 0.13, and the difference was highly significant. Conclusion Significant improvement is seen in physiological, cardiac, and parasympathetic parameters in Rajyoga meditators. A shift of the autonomic balance toward the parasympathetic side is seen. By purposefully energizing the parasympathetic system by meditation, we can combat the ill effects of stress and help heal many health conditions. How to cite this article Kiran, Thaman RG, Bassi R, Girgla K. Comparison of Autonomic Function using Valsalva Ratio, Heart Rate, and Blood Pressure in Meditators and Nonmeditators. Curr Trends Diagn Treat 2017;1(1):6-9.

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TAP Block in Children: Does Inflammation Affect on Pain Score?

International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science ◽

10.23958/ijirms/vol03-i09/430 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (09) ◽

Author(s):

Odgerel B. ◽

Sergelen O. ◽

Ganbold L.

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Pain Intensity ◽

Skin Incision ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Tap Block ◽

Ultrasound Guided ◽

Analgesic Requirement ◽

Open Laparotomy

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate of analgesic effect of ultrasound guided transversus abdomines plane (TAP) block in children undergoing open laparotomy surgery and compare to children were used general anesthesia (GA) alone. Methods: 60 children aged 3-18 years with ASA I-III classification were randomly enrolled in this study. We divided these children in to two groups: control group (GA alone, n=31) and study group (GA+TAP block, n=29) and also divided each group in two subgroups which were with inflammation and without inflammation. All children were received GA with same techniques. Study group (TAP block group) were assigned to receive ultrasound guided block in both side of abdomen using 0.3 ml/kg of Bupivacaine 0.25%, but not more than 12 ml in each side. Hemodynamic variables such as heart rate, blood pressure were measured at baseline (T0), after induction (T1), after skin incision (T2), and end of surgery (T3), and in the recovery room or ICU, at the 2nd, 4th, 6th hours postoperatively and examined pain intensity and analgesic requirement and frequency, also correllation between inflamatory process and pain intensity were studied. Statistic analysis was made in Excel using ANOVA, descriptive analysis, correlation and regression analysis. A p-value<0.05 was considered significant. Results: There was no differencies between the two studied groups regarding demographic and clinical characteristics. Intraoperative heart rate elevation was higher in GA group with an inflammation (13.3%) and the systolic blood pressure changes was higher (4.2%) after skin incision than study group and GA group without inflammation. Level of WBC had very weak positive and statistically significant correlation with intraoperative opioid usage (GA+Inf: r=0.029, p=0.023; ТAP+Inf: r=0.18, p=0.016; GA-Inf: r=0.018, p=0.014) but there was not observed correlation in TAP-Inf group. Postopeative pain score was higher in control group and an analgesic requirement and frequency was much more. Conclusion: Transversus abdomines plane block under ultrasound guidance was easy, safe, reliable and effective analgesic in children undergoing open laparotomy surgery and TAP block is a good component of postoperative multimodal analgesia. The inflammatory process increases pain intensity and intra and postoperative analgesic requirements.

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Does Oxygen Uptake Before Physical Exercise Affect Tear Osmolarity?

Journal of Human Kinetics ◽

10.2478/hukin-2019-0118 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 73 (1) ◽

pp. 297-304

Author(s):

Adam Wylęgała ◽

Jan Pilch ◽

Bartłomiej Bolek ◽

Bogumiła Sędziak-Marcinek ◽

Edward Wylęgała

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Exhaustive Exercise ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Plasma Osmolarity ◽

Exercise Protocol ◽

Before And After ◽

Rate Of Recovery ◽

Experimental Group

AbstractRecently, it has been reported that tear osmolarity (Tosm) is correlated with plasma osmolarity and will increase during exertion. We aimed to assess whether inhaling oxygen-enriched air between exercises could significantly change the Tosm value. Thirty men aged 24.9 years were included in the study. A cycloergometer was used to perform the exercise protocol. We recorded the participants’ Tosm (mOsm/L), heart rate (HR, beats/minute), oxygen saturation, and blood pressure values. After the first exhaustive exercise (T1), participants inhaled oxygen in the experimental group and a placebo in the control group. After the second exercise (T2), another set of measurements was obtained. The Tosm value before exercise was 297.4 ± 1.21 and 296.53 ± 1.11 mOsm/L (p = 0.61718) and the HR was 72.6 ± 2.59 and 73 ± 2.59 beats/minute (p = 0.39949) in the study and the control group, respectively. At T1, Tosm was 303.67 ± 1.25 and 302.2 ± 1.25 mOsm/L (p = 0.41286) and the HR reached 178.04 ± 2.60 and 176.4 ± 2.60 beats/minute (p = 0.65832), respectively. At T2, Tosm in the study group reached 305.73 ± 0.86 mOsm/L (correlation with the use of oxygen: r = −0.3818), and in the control group, it was 308.4 ± 0.86 mOsm/L (p = 0.0373), while the HR reached 172.20 ± 2.53 beats/minute in the study group and 178.2 ± 2.53 beats/minute in the control group (p = 0.057). It was concluded that inhaling oxygen before and after exercise could increase the rate of recovery after exhaustive exercise.

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Blunted autonomic response to standing up and head-up tilt in individuals with intellectual disabilities

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.00328.2020 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Thessa Irena Maria Hilgenkamp ◽

Elizabeth C. Lefferts ◽

Daniel W. White ◽

Tracy Baynard ◽

Bo Fernhall

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Mean Arterial Pressure ◽

Arterial Pressure ◽

Intellectual Disabilities ◽

Autonomic Response ◽

Control Group ◽

Standing Up ◽

Head Up Tilt ◽

Individuals With Intellectual Disabilities

Previous research suggests individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) may experience autonomic dysfunction, however this has not been thoroughly investigated. PURPOSE: To compare the autonomic response to standing up (active orthostasis) and head up tilt (passive orthostasis) in individuals with ID to a control group without ID. METHODS: Eighteen individuals with and 18 individuals without ID were instrumented with an ECG-lead and finger-photoplethysmography for continuous heart rate and blood pressure recordings. The active and passive orthostasis protocol consisted of 10 minutes supine rest, 10 minutes standing, 10 minutes supine recovery, 5 minutes head-up tilt at 70 degrees, followed by 10 minutes supine recovery. The last five minutes of each position was used to calculate hemodynamic and autonomic function (time- and frequency-domain heart rate and blood pressure variability measures and baroreflex sensitivity). RESULTS Individuals with ID had higher heart rate during baseline and recovery (p<0.05), and an attenuated hemodynamic (stroke volume, heart rate) and heart rate variability response to active and passive orthostasis (interaction effect p<0.05) compared to individuals without ID. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was higher in individuals with ID at all timepoints. CONCLUSION Individuals with ID demonstrated altered hemodynamic and autonomic regulation compared to a sex- and age-matched control group, evidenced by a higher mean arterial pressure and a reduced response in parasympathetic modulation to active and passive orthostasis.

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