scholarly journals Desert locust and its management in Nepal: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Suraj Shrestha ◽  
Gaurav Thakur ◽  
Jayanti Gautam ◽  
Namoona Acharya ◽  
Meena Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Schistocerca Gregaria ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Desert Locust ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Cultural Methods ◽  
Unique Character ◽  
Tools And Techniques ◽  
And Control

Locusts are among the most dangerous agricultural pests. They are a group of short horned grasshoppers belonging to Acrididae family and are hemimetabolous insects. This group of grasshoppers have a unique character of changing habits and behaviors when they aggregate in a group and this habit is catalyzed by different environmental factors. In the adult stage, gregarious locusts migrate from one place to another in a swarm. Desert Locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Forksal), is one of those locusts which cause damage to different types of crop which fly in the direction of wind up to a distance of 150 km. Because of polyphagous feeding habits and swarming in a plague (large group of adults), this pest is considered as the hazardous migratory pest. These pests entered Nepal for the first time in 1962 and then in 1996. In 2020 the pest entered the country from India on three different dates 27th June and continued till 29th (5 districts), 12th July (1 district), and 16th July (2 districts). The swarms migrated to 53 districts and caused the considerable loss in agricultural and field crop in 1118 hectare. These pests are monitored on the basis of environmental factors and many tools and practices such as eLocust3, SMELLS (Soil Moisture for Desert Locust Early Survey), P-locust and SUPARCO Disaster Watch Desert Locust Situation Alert are being used. Their control is critical to food security. Many tools and techniques are integrated for prevention and management of these pests to minimize damage in the existing crops where they migrate. These are physical methods, cultural methods, use of botanicals, green muscle, PAN (phenylacetonitrile) and chemicals. Effective preventive management strategy relies on an improved knowledge of the pest biology, more efficient monitoring and control techniques.

scholarly journals Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria Forskal) and its management: A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-69
Author(s):  
Shambhu Katel ◽  
Honey Raj Mandal ◽  
Pooja Neupane ◽  
Sandipa Timsina ◽  
Pratima Pokhrel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Schistocerca Gregaria ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Cultural Control ◽  
Desert Locust ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Polyphagous Insect ◽  
And Control ◽  
Published Research

The desert locust [Schistocerca gregaria (Forskal)] (Orthoptera: Acrididae) is one of the world’s most dangerous and destructive migratory pests. It is a highly voracious and polyphagous insect. Its swarms can travel hundreds of kilometers per day and infest areas covering millions of square kilometers, resulting in substantial crop losses. We synthesize published research data and reports on the life cycle, behavior, phases, and damage of the desert locust, as well as its possible management practices, in this study. There are diffi-culties involved in estimating locust populations because locust swarms are highly mobile. Cultural control, baiting, dusting with insecticide, and spraying liquid insecticides (chemical or biological) using ultra-low volume (ULV) application are all options for control-ling locust swarms. Improved knowledge on pest biology, as well as more efficient monitoring and control strategies, are essential com-ponents of an effective management strategy.

Characteristics of Desert Locust plague upsurges

1979 ◽  
Vol 287 (1022) ◽  
pp. 375-386 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Low Density ◽  
Desert Locust ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
And Control

Between plagues, the Desert Locust typically exists in low-density populations which migrate between successive breeding areas in its extensive and arid recession area. Local outbreaks develop when conditions favour concentration, multiplication and gregarization. Plagues are initiated when such conditions extend over larger areas and last long enough to allow several generations of successful breeding. Plague prevention consequently requires adequate monitoring and control of populations in the breeding areas.

Biological control of desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria Forskål).

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (013) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice W. Githae
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Schistocerca Gregaria ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Desert Locust ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Metarhizium Acridum ◽  
Botanical Extracts ◽  
Plant Families

Abstract Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria Forskål) is one of the most serious agricultural pests in the world due to its voracity, speed of reproduction, and range of flight. We discuss the current state of knowledge on its biological control using microorganisms and botanical extracts. Metarhizium flavoviride was among the first fungus to be recognized as a bio-control agent against desert locust in the laboratory and field conditions. Nevertheless, its oil formulation adversely affected non-target organisms, hence led to further research on other microorganisms. Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum (syn. Metarhizium acridum) is an environmentally safer bio-pesticide that has no measurable impact on non-target organisms. However, there are various shortcomings associated with its use in desert locust control as highlighted in this review. Bacterial pathogens studied were from species of Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and Serratia. Botanical extracts of 27 plant species were tested against the locust but showed varied results. Azadirachta indica and Melia volkensii were the most studied plant species, both belonging to family Meliaceae, which is known to have biologically active limonoids. Out of the 20 plant families identified, Apiaceae was the most represented with a frequency of 21%. However, only crude botanical extracts were used and therefore, the active ingredients against desert locust were not identified. Through a comprehensive research, an integrated pest management strategy that incorporates these bio-controls would be a realistic option to control desert locust infestations.

scholarly journals The Management of Indoor Thermal Comfort with Wireless Sensor Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 206-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinan Uguz ◽  
Osman Ipek
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Comfort Index ◽  
And Control

In this study, real-time monitoring and control platform based on thermal comfort was developed to control space heating in living spaces. To calculate the thermal comfort level in a living space, environmental factors such as indoor air temperature, mean radiant temperature, air velocity, and humidity are needed. In order to obtain the environmental factors, sensor nodes based on wireless sensor networks were developed. According to the data obtained from the sensor nodes, the thermal comfort index was calculated, and radiators used for space heating were controlled via monitoring and control software based on PC. Furthermore, several experiments were performed between living spaces where real-time monitoring and control platform was installed and living spaces heated with conventional methods. The measurements were carried out in four rooms at the Faculty of Technology of Suleyman Demirel University in Turkey during the winter season. The heat transferred from room radiators by creating proper conditions that can change the thermal comfort index was compared in the experiments. During experimental measurements, it was observed that the heat transferred to the environment through the room radiators reduced significantly, especially with closed doors and windows.

scholarly journals Desert Locust Schistocerca gregaria Forskål (Acrididae): Biology, Management and Strategies: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Chandra Rajak ◽  
Jyoti Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Schistocerca Gregaria ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Desert Locust ◽  
Southwest Asia ◽  
Integrated Network ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Agrarian Crisis ◽  
And Control ◽  
Resource Deployment

Early 2020 witnessed the emergence of global agrarian crisis with the widespread burgeoning of destructive migratory pest, Desert Locust (Schistocerca gregaria) in East Africa, Southwest Asia, Pakistan and India. Characterised by the ability to eat ravenously, breed exponentially and migrate rapidly; locust swarms has led to substantial agrarian disaster. The current official strategy is to control the upsurges to evade plague. Though it may seem attractive and efficient, it is sensible only if the numbers are relatively low. The socio-economic and environmental challenges posed by the unprecedented locust outbreak has prompt the scientists worldwide to emanate an effective preventive management strategies that rely on updated knowledge of pest biology, ecology and behaviour along with efficient monitoring, data management, analysis, forecasting, resource deployment and control techniques. In addition, the integrated network of field teams, decision makers, analysts, rural governing bodies and farmers potentially offers better compliance of pest management strategies.

Locust and Grasshopper Management

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Zhang ◽  
Michel Lecoq ◽  
Alexandre Latchininsky ◽  
David Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
The World ◽  
And Control ◽  
Socioeconomic Consequences

Locusts and grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) are among the most dangerous agricultural pests. Their control is critical to food security worldwide and often requires governmental or international involvement. Although locust and grasshopper outbreaks are now better controlled and often shorter in duration and reduced in extent, large outbreaks, often promoted by climate change, continue to occur in many parts of the world. While some locust and grasshopper control systems are still curative, the recognition of the damage these pests can cause and the socioeconomic consequences of locust and grasshopper outbreaks have led to an increasing paradigm shift from crop protection to preventive management. Effective preventive management strategy relies on an improved knowledge of the pest biology and ecology and more efficient monitoring and control techniques.

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