scholarly journals Temporal Variation of Black Carbon Aerosol Concentration during Monsoon in Kathmandu Valley

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-35
Author(s):  
Ram K. Sharma ◽  
Binod K Bhattarai ◽  
Balkrishna Sapkota ◽  
Mohan Bahadur Gewali ◽  
Berit Kjeldstad
Keyword(s):  
Black Carbon ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Engineering Department ◽  
Late Evening ◽  
Rain Fall ◽  
Black Carbon Aerosol ◽  
June July ◽  
Two Peaks ◽  
Average Rain

Black carbon aerosol was measured continuously for three months June, July and August 2009 at G block of Pulchowk Campus, Institute of Engineering, Department of Engineering Science and Humanities using Magee Scientific Aethalometer AE 31 model. The study period corresponds to monsoon season over Nepal. The study site Pulchow Campus is located at 27°22’N latitude and 85°32’E longitude. The diurnal variation of aerosol black carbon shows two peaks during morning and late evening. These two distinct peaks occur due to gradual increase in the anthropogenic activities and rush hour traffic. Among the three months of monsoon highest monthly average was observed during June while lowest during July and moderate on August with 5.3 7mu&g/m3, 3.0 μg/m3 and 3.8 μg/m3 respectively. The average rain fall in these months were 126mm, 326.3mm and 383mm respectively. The concentration of aerosol black carbon is higher in dry month than rainy months because it is washed by rain once it is released in the atmosphere. In the daily average the highest value of aerosol black carbon was observed on 9th June as 8.2 μg/m3 while lowest value on 16th August as low as 1.9μg/m3. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jie.v9i1.10666Journal of the Institute of Engineering, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 27–35

scholarly journals Concentration, temporal variation and sources of black carbon in the Mount Everest region retrieved by real-time observation and simulation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xintong Chen ◽  
Shichang Kang ◽  
Zhiyuan Cong ◽  
Junhua Yang ◽  
Yaoming Ma
Keyword(s):  
Black Carbon ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Upper Atmosphere ◽  
Lower Atmosphere ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Valley Wind ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Seasonal And Diurnal Variations ◽  
Time Observation

Abstract. Based on the high-resolution measurement of black carbon (BC) at Qomolangma (Everest) station of Chinese Academy of Sciences during 15 May 2015 to 31 May 2017, we investigated the seasonal and diurnal variations of BC and its potential source regions. Monthly and daily mean BC concentrations reached the highest values in the pre-monsoon season which are at least one magnitude higher than the lowest values in the monsoon season. For the diurnal variation, BC concentrations were significantly greater from mid-night to noon in the pre-monsoon season and showed increasing trend in the afternoon in the non-monsoon seasons, implying the potential contribution from the long-range transport. In the monsoon season, BC concentrations appeared two peaks in the morning and after the noon, might be affected by the local anthropogenic activities. By analyzing the simulation results from the backward air-mass trajectories and the fire spots distribution from the MODIS data, we found that the seasonal cycle of BC was significantly influenced by atmospheric circulation and combustion intensity in the Mt. Everest region. The transport mechanisms of BC were revealed using WRF-Chem simulation during severe pollution episodes. For the pollution event in the monsoon season, BC aerosols in South Asia could be uplifted and transported to the Mt. Everest region by the southward winds in the upper atmosphere. However, for the events in the pre-monsoon season, BC from northern India was brought and concentrated in the southern slope of the Himalayas by the northwesterly winds in the lower atmosphere and then transported across the Himalayas by the mountain-valley wind, while relatively less BC from northwestern India and Central Asia could be transported to the Mt. Everest region by the westerly winds in the upper atmosphere.

PROSPECT OF RESEARCH ON ARCTIC BLACK CARBON AEROSOL

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianqiong Zhan ◽  
Liqi Chen ◽  
Yuanhui Zhang ◽  
Xulin Yang ◽  
Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Black Carbon ◽  
Black Carbon Aerosol

Bias in quantification of light absorption enhancement of black carbon aerosol coated with low-volatility brown carbon

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Nishit Shetty ◽  
Payton Beeler ◽  
Theodore Paik ◽  
Fred J. Brechtel ◽  
Rajan K. Chakrabarty
Keyword(s):  
Black Carbon ◽  
Light Absorption ◽  
Absorption Enhancement ◽  
Brown Carbon ◽  
Black Carbon Aerosol

Coastline Vulnerability Assessment through Landsat and Cubesats in a Coastal Mega City

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Nazeer ◽  
Muhammad Waqas ◽  
Muhammad Imran Shahzad ◽  
Ibrahim Zia ◽  
Weicheng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Eastern Zone ◽  
Stable Conditions ◽  
Western Zone

According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), global mean sea levels may rise from 0.43 m to 0.84 m by the end of the 21st century. This poses a significant threat to coastal cities around the world. The shoreline of Karachi (a coastal mega city located in Southern Pakistan) is vulnerable mainly due to anthropogenic activities near the coast. Therefore, the present study investigates rates and susceptibility to shoreline change using a 76-year multi-temporal dataset (1942 to 2018) through the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS). Historical shoreline positions were extracted from the topographic sheets (1:250,000) of 1942 and 1966, the medium spatial resolution (30 m) multi-sensor Landsat images of 1976, 1990, 2002, 2011, and a high spatial resolution (3 m) Planet Scope image from 2018, along the 100 km coast of Karachi. The shoreline was divided into two zones, namely eastern (25 km) and western (29 km) zones, to track changes in development, movement, and dynamics of the shoreline position. The analysis revealed that 95% of transects drawn for the eastern zone underwent accretion (i.e., land reclamation) with a mean rate of 14 m/year indicating that the eastern zone faced rapid shoreline progression, with the highest rates due to the development of coastal areas for urban settlement. Similarly, 74% of transects drawn for the western zone experienced erosion (i.e., land loss) with a mean rate of −1.15 m/year indicating the weathering and erosion of rocky and sandy beaches by marine erosion. Among the 25 km length of the eastern zone, 94% (23.5 km) of the shoreline was found to be highly vulnerable, while the western zone showed much more stable conditions due to anthropogenic inactivity. Seasonal hydrodynamic analysis revealed approximately a 3% increase in the average wave height during the summer monsoon season and a 1% increase for the winter monsoon season during the post-land reclamation era. Coastal protection and management along the Sindh coastal zone should be adopted to defend against natural wave erosion and the government must take measures to stop illegal sea encroachments.

scholarly journals Impacts of Two East Asian Atmospheric Circulation Modes on Black Carbon Aerosol Over the Tibetan Plateau in Winter

2020 ◽  
Vol 125 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiangang Yuan ◽  
Siyu Chen ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
Yaoxian Yang ◽  
Hongru Bi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Black Carbon ◽  
Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
East Asian ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Black Carbon Aerosol

Impacts of mountains on black carbon aerosol under different synoptic meteorology conditions in the Guanzhong region, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 164-165 ◽  
pp. 286-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuyu Zhao ◽  
Xuexi Tie ◽  
Junji Cao ◽  
Qiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Black Carbon ◽  
Synoptic Meteorology ◽  
Black Carbon Aerosol

Pengaruh Curah Hujan dan Debit Air Terhadap Produktivitas Energi Listrik yang Dihasilkan Pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Air (Studi Kasus: Sub Unit PLTA Kracak, Kabupaten Bogor Jawa Barat)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Wildan Gunawan ◽  
Suyitno Muslim ◽  
Imam Arif Rahardjo
Keyword(s):  
River Discharge ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Rainfall Intensity ◽  
Discharge Rate ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Energy Productivity ◽  
Rain Fall ◽  
Average Rain

This research is aimed to understand the effects of  rain fall and discharge rate towards hydro electric power plant productivity (case study at Kracak Sub Unit HPP, Bogor Regency Jawa Barat). Multiple regression tecnique analysis is used as research method with quantitative approach for describing the effects of rain fall and discharge rate towards hydro electric energy productivity. Based on Sub Unit PLTA Kracak during a highest down pour in June 2018 has gained electrical power about 173,583 kWh for 15,84 mm rain fall and the lowest rain fall in July 2018 is 0,86 mm only obtain 49,772 kWh electrical power with the average rain fall record in three stations is 8,9592 mm. Mean while, for the highest river discharge rate happened in February is 10,08 m3/detik which produce 198,296 kWh electrical power and the lowest in June that only gained 3,53 m3/detik which produce 49,772 kWh electrical power with the average of river discharge rate in 2018 is only 7,9858 m3/detik. The average of electrical power it self is only 156,0105 kWh for 8,9592 mm of rainfall and 7,9858 m3/detik river discharge rate record in 2018. The conclusion oh this research is the discharge rate in headwaters area is affected by rainfall intensity, but not necessarily affected to hydro electric energy productivity.   ABSTRAK Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh curah hujan dan debit air terhadap produktivitas energi listrik yang dihasilkan pada pembangkit listrik tenaga air (Studi Kasus: Sub Unit PLTA Kracak, Kabupaten Bogor Jawa Barat). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif teknik analisis data regresi berganda untuk mendiskripsikan data penelitian curah hujan dan debit air terhadap produktivitas energi listrik yang dihasilkan. Berdasarkan data hasil penelitian yang diperoleh di Sub Unit PLTA Kracak data curah hujan tertinggi pada tahun 2018 di Bulan Juni sebesar 15,84 mm dapat menghasilkan energi listrik sebesar 173,593 kWh dan terendah di Bulan Juli sebesar 0,86 mm dapat menghasilkan energi listrik sebesar  49,772 kWh dengan rata-rata pertahun 2018 yaitu sebesar 8,9592 mm di tiga stasiun. Sedangkan data debit air pada tahun 2018 tertinggi di Bulan Februari sebesar 10,08 m3/detik dapat menghasilkan energi listrik sebesar 198,296 kWh dan terendah di Bulan Juli sebesar 3,53 m3/detik dapat menghasilkan energi listrik sebesar 49,772 dengan rata-rata pertahun 2018 debit air sebesar 7,9858 m3/detik. Dengan rata-rata curah hujan 8,9592 mm dan debit air 7,9858 m3/detik dapat menghasilkan energi listrik rata-rata pertahun 2018 sebesar 156,0105 kWh selama tahun 2018. Dapat disimpulkan curah hujan tidak berpengaruh langsung terhadap produktivitas energi listrik yang dihasilkan sedangkan debit air berpengaruh terhadap produktivitas energi listrik.

scholarly journals Interprovincial Reliance for Improving Air Quality in China: A Case Study on Black Carbon Aerosol

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 4118-4126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Li ◽  
Jing Meng ◽  
Junfeng Liu ◽  
Yuan Xu ◽  
Dabo Guan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Black Carbon ◽  
Black Carbon Aerosol

scholarly journals Geochemical and statistical evaluation of groundwater in the Thamirabarani river basin, south India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gajendran Chellaiah ◽  
Basker ◽  
Hima Pravin ◽  
Suneel Kumar Joshi ◽  
Sneha Gautam
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
International Standards

Abstract In the present study, an attempt has been made to develop the dictate metrics using a multi-proxy approach, i.e., spatial-temporal analysis, statistical evaluation, and hydrogeochemical analysis for 45 water samples located in the Thamirabarani river basin in Tamil Nadu, India. In order to evaluate the aptness of developed metrics for agriculture and domestic needs, eleven years dataset was analyzed and compared with national and international standards. Monitoring and analysis results revealed that the concentration of calcium and chloride ion was on the higher side in all the selected locations. These higher values may be attributed to the regional point sources such as untreated water disposal and off-peak sources such as agriculture practices. The principal component analysis resulted in 84.2% of the total variance in the post-monsoon season dataset. The major analyzed cations and anions were observed in the following order: Na+> Ca2+> Mg2+> K+ and Cl−> HCO3−> SO42−> NO3−, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that the studied area's groundwater quality was significantly affected by the high salinity in the region, probably due to anthropogenic activities and unprotected river sites.

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