scholarly journals Craved by heart, carved next to it: Ballistic report of a souvenir bullet casing

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
Jenash Acharya ◽  
Geshu Lama ◽  
Malshree Ranjitkar ◽  
Arbin Shakya
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Late Complications ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fistula Formation ◽  
Medicine Department ◽  
Dense Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Cartridge Case

A bullet which has been lodged in the body encapsulated by dense fibrous tissue for a long time without causing ill effects is a souvenir bullet. The bullet cartridge is divided into 3 parts: bullet, cartridge case holding bullet with gun powder and detonator at the base. Medicolegal consultation was done with Forensic Medicine Department where cartridge case acted as projectile and accidentally got embedded into the chest of the victim. In an attempt of making an ornament from the casing of bullet which was separated from bullet mechanically and gunpowder was partially removed from the bullet case. When he heated the bullet case to melt and mould, the remaining gun powder ignited with release of large amount of gas which resulted in forceful propulsion and acted as the projectile. An oval penetrating keyhole appearance injury measuring 2 cm x 1.5 cm was present on left side of the chest of the victim. The projectile was found just above the 6th rib and was confined within inter-costal muscle. Although late complications may arise from the metallic toxicity from the bullet case showing manifestations like abdominal pain, anorexia, chronic renal failure, abdominal pain, osteomyelitis, and fistula formation in bones, the projectile was left within the body as a souvenir to be intervened in case complications arise during follow-ups, as manipulating it could cause unanticipated therapeutic complications.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Relaksasi Benson Terhadap Kecemasan Pasien Yang Menjalani Hemodialisa

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Isnaini Nur Anisah ◽  
Arina Maliya
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
The Body ◽  
Electrolyte Balance ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Body Fluid Balance

Pendahuluan: Penyakit gagal ginjal merupakan gangguan fungsi ginjal yang terjadi saat tubuh tidak bisa mempertahankan metabolisme, keseimbangan cairan serta elektrolit sehingga menyebabkan terjadinya retensi urea dan sampah nitrogen dalam darah. Hemodialisa menjadi pilihan terapi untuk mengatasi gagal ginjal kronik. Hemodialisa dilakukan dengan alat khusus untuk mempertahankan fungsi ginjal dengan menyeimbangkan kadar elektrolit dan keseimbangan cairan tubuh. Hemodialisa yang dilakukan dalam waktu lama dapat menyebabkan gangguan pada aspek biologis maupun aspek psikologis bagi pasien hemodialisa. Sebanyak 48,6 % pasien hemodialisa mengalami gangguan kecemasan. Salah satu non-farmakologi terapi untuk mengurangi kecemasan yaitu relaksasi benson yang dilakukan selama 15-20 menit setiap pagi dan sore hari. Tujuan dari penelitian untuk mengetahui efektivitas relaksasi benson terhadap kecemasan pada pasien yang menjalani hemodialisa. Metode yang digunakan untuk penelitian ini adalah studi literature review dengan membandingkan beberapa literature dari penelusuran situs jurnal seperti Sciendirect, PubMed, Elsevier dan Google Schoolar Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan relaksasi benson yang dilakukan sehari 2 kali selama 15-20 menit efektif untuk mengatasi masalah kecemasan pada pasien yang melakukan hemodialiasa. Kesimpulan: relakasi benson efektif dan bekerja dengan baik dalam menurunkan kadar kecemasan pada pasien hemodialisa Kata Kunci : gagal ginjal kronik, Hemodialisa, Cemas, Relaksasi Benson. Abstract: Introduction: Kidney failure is a disorder of kidney function that occurs when the body cannot maintain metabolism, fluid and electrolyte balance, causing retention of urea and nitrogen waste in the blood. Hemodialysis is a therapeutic option for treating chronic renal failure. Hemodialysis is performed with special tools to maintain kidney function by balancing electrolyte levels and body fluid balance. Hemodialysis that is carried out for a long time can cause disturbances in biological and psychological aspects for hemodialysis patients. As many as 48.6% of hemodialysis patients experienced anxiety disorders. One of the non-pharmacological therapies to reduce anxiety is benson relaxation which is done for 15-20 minutes every morning and evening. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Benson relaxation on anxiety in patients undergoing hemodialysis. The method used for this research is a literature review study by comparing some literature from searching journal sites such as Sciendirect, PubMed, Elsevier and Google Schoolar. The results showed that Benson relaxation which is carried out twice a day for 15-20 minutes is effective in overcoming anxiety problems in patients with do regular hemodialysis. Conclusion: Benson Relaxation is effective and works well in reducing anxiety levels in hemodialysis patients Keywords: chronic renal failure, hemodialysis, anxiety, Benson Relaxation

COMPARISON OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE EFFECT OF MOXONIDINE VERSUS CLONIDINE IN RENAL FAILURE PATIENTS.

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
DR.MATHEW GEORGE ◽  
DR.LINCY JOSEPH ◽  
MRS.DEEPTHI MATHEW ◽  
ALISHA MARIA SHAJI ◽  
BIJI JOSEPH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Antihypertensive Effect ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ability To Work ◽  
Blood Flows

Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against blood vessel walls as the heart pumps out blood, and high blood pressure, also called hypertension, is an increase in the amount of force that blood places on blood vessels as it moves through the body. Factors that can increase this force include higher blood volume due to extra fluid in the blood and blood vessels that are narrow, stiff, or clogged(1). High blood pressure can damage blood vessels in the kidneys, reducing their ability to work properly. When the force of blood flow is high, blood vessels stretch so blood flows more easily. Eventually, this stretching scars and weakens blood vessels throughout the body, including those in the kidneys.

scholarly journals 17. Comparative Safety of Antibiotic Therapy for Outpatient Treatment of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S9-S10
Author(s):  
Anne M Butler ◽  
Michael Durkin ◽  
Matthew R Keller ◽  
Yinjiao Ma ◽  
William Powderly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Skin Rash ◽  
Adverse Drug Events ◽  
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽  
First Line ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Comparative Safety

Abstract Background Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common indications for outpatient antibiotic prescriptions in otherwise healthy women, yet the comparative safety of antibiotics for empirical therapy is not well established. We compared the risk of adverse drug events by antibiotic treatment regimen among premenopausal women with uncomplicated UTI. Methods Using the IBM MarketScan Commercial Database (2006–2015), we identified healthy, non-pregnant women aged 18–44 who were diagnosed with UTI and prescribed a same-day antibiotic with activity against common uropathogens. Patients were followed for outcomes with varying follow-up periods: 3 days (anaphylaxis), 14 days (acute renal failure, skin rash, urticaria/hives, nausea/vomiting, abdominal pain), 30 days (vaginitis/vulvovaginal candidiasis, non-C. difficile diarrhea) and 90 days (C. difficile diarrhea, pneumonia, tendinopathy, retinal detachment). We estimated propensity score-weighted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using Cox proportional hazards models. Results Of 1,140,602 eligible women, the distribution of antibiotic receipt was fluoroquinolones (44%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) (28%), nitrofurantoin (24%), narrow-spectrum β-Lactam / β-Lactamase inhibitor combinations (“β-Lactams”) (3%), broad-spectrum β-Lactams (1%) and amoxicillin/ampicillin (1%). Of two first-line agents, we observed higher risk of outcomes among TMP/SMX vs. nitrofurantoin initiators: acute renal failure (HR 2.46, 95% CI 1.46–4.14), skin rash (HR 2.43, 95% CI 2.13–2.77), urticaria (HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.18–1.56), nausea/vomiting (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.10–1.29) and abdominal pain (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.09–1.19). Compared to nitrofurantoin, non-first-line agents (fluoroquinolones, broad-, and/or narrow-spectrum β-Lactams) were associated with higher risk of acute renal failure, skin rash, nausea/vomiting, abdominal pain, vaginitis/vulvovaginal candidiasis, diarrhea (C. difficile & non-C. difficile), pneumonia and tendinopathy. Conclusion The risk of adverse drug events differs widely by antibiotic agent, with substantial differences in first-line agents. Understanding antibiotic safety is critical to prevent suboptimal antibiotic prescribing and reduce adverse events. Disclosures Margaret A. Olsen, PhD, MPH, Merck (Grant/Research Support)Pfizer (Consultant, Grant/Research Support)

scholarly journals Development of Novel Oral Formulations of Disulfide Antioxidants Based on Porous Silica for Controlled Release of the Drugs

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 963
Author(s):  
Ekaterina S. Dolinina ◽  
Elena V. Parfenyuk
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Porous Silica ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Therapeutic Concentration ◽  
Release Process ◽  
Zero Order Kinetics ◽  
Long Time

Powerful antioxidant α-lipoic acid (LA) exhibits limited therapeutic efficiency due to its pharmacokinetic properties. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to evaluate the ability of silica-based composites of LA as well as its amide (lipoamide, LM), as new oral drug formulations, to control their release and maintain their therapeutic concentration and antioxidant activity in the body over a long time. The composites synthesized at different sol–gel synthesis pH and based on silica matrixes with various surface chemistry were investigated. The release behavior of the composites in media mimicking pH of digestive fluids (pH 1.6, 6.8, and 7.4) was revealed. The effects of chemical structure of the antioxidants, synthesis pH, surface chemistry of the silica matrixes in the composites as well as the pH of release medium on kinetic parameters of the drug release and mechanisms of the process were discussed. The comparative analysis of the obtained data allowed the determination of the most promising composites. Using these composites, modeling of the release process of the antioxidants in accordance with transit conditions of the drugs in stomach, proximal, and distal parts of small intestine and colon was carried out. The composites exhibited the release close to the zero order kinetics and maintained the therapeutic concentration of the drugs and antioxidant effect in all parts of the intestine for up to 24 h. The obtained results showed that encapsulation of LA and LM in the silica matrixes is a promising way to improve their bioavailability and antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Mangiferin as New Potential Anti-Cancer Agent and Mangiferin-Integrated Polymer Systems—A Novel Research Direction

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Svetlana N. Morozkina ◽  
Thi Hong Nhung Vu ◽  
Yuliya E. Generalova ◽  
Petr P. Snetkov ◽  
Mayya V. Uspenskaya
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Biological Action ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Polymer Systems ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Cancer Agent

For a long time, the pharmaceutical industry focused on natural biologically active molecules due to their unique properties, availability and significantly less side-effects. Mangiferin is a naturally occurring C-glucosylxantone that has substantial potential for the treatment of various diseases thanks to its numerous biological activities. Many research studies have proven that mangiferin possesses antioxidant, anti-infection, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, cardiovascular, neuroprotective properties and it also increases immunity. It is especially important that it has no toxicity. However, mangiferin is not being currently applied to clinical use because its oral bioavailability as well as its absorption in the body are too low. To improve the solubility, enhance the biological action and bioavailability, mangiferin integrated polymer systems have been developed. In this paper, we review molecular mechanisms of anti-cancer action as well as a number of designed polymer-mangiferin systems. Taking together, mangiferin is a very promising anti-cancer molecule with excellent properties and the absence of toxicity.

Myiasis in Bufo regularis caused by a Tabanid Larva

Parasitology ◽  
1924 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-112
Author(s):  
Edward Hindle
Keyword(s):  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Large Female ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
Ventral Region ◽  
Cylindrical Structure ◽  
The Right

In December, 1922, whilst dissecting a large female example of Bufo regularis, one of my students noticed a cylindrical structure extending along the ventral region of the body-cavity. A careful examination showed that this structure consisted of an elongated sac-like diverticulum of the right lung, containing an almost full-grown specimen of a dipterous larva, which could be seen through the membraneous wall of the diverticulum. The base of the latter, in addition to its point of origin from the lung, was also connected to the dorsal surface of the liver by strands of fibrous tissue, suggesting that the growth had been in existence some considerable time in order to cause such adhesions. Posteriorly, the diverticulum hung freely in the body cavity and extended to the extreme hinder end. Its dimensions were 5·5 cm. in length, by 0·5 cm. in diameter, but tapering towards each extremity.

scholarly journals Uterine Necrosis after Uterine Artery Embolization for Symptomatic Fibroids

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Kyende Mutiso ◽  
Felix Mwembi Oindi ◽  
Nigel Hacking ◽  
Timona Obura
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Uterine Artery Embolization ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
The Body ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Artery Embolization ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Clinical Dilemma ◽  
Postembolization Syndrome

Introduction. Uterine artery embolization (UAE) is a minimally invasive intervention that is used in the treatment of fibroids. UAE can lead to complications including postembolization syndrome, postprocedure pain, infection, endometrial atrophy leading to secondary amenorrhea, and uterine necrosis. Uterine necrosis after UAE is very rare and hence poses a clinical dilemma for any clinician in its identification and management. We document a case of uterine necrosis after UAE and conduct a literature review on its causation, clinical features, and management principles. Case. A patient presented one month after UAE with abdominal pain and abdominal vaginal discharge. Her work-up revealed features of possible uterine necrosis with sepsis and she was scheduled for a laparotomy and a subtotal hysterectomy was performed. She was subsequently managed with broad spectrum antibiotic and recovered well. Conclusion. Uterine necrosis after UAE is a rare occurrence and we hope the documentation of this case will add to the body of knowledge around it. Theories that explain its occurrence include the use of small particles at embolization, the use of Contour-SE a spherical poly-vinyl alcohol, and lack of collateral supply to the uterus. Its symptoms may be nonspecific but unremitting abdominal pain is invariably present. Finally although conservative management may be successful at times, surgical management with hysterectomy will be required in some cases. The prognosis is good after diagnosis and surgical management.

VI. The glucoside constitution of proteid matter

1894 ◽  
Vol 54 (326-330) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Cupric Oxide ◽  
The Body ◽  
Long Time

For a long time I have adopted a process for separating the glycogen of the liver consisting in boiling with potash, pouring into alcohol, and collecting the precipitate. For the purpose of estimation, the precipitated glycogen was converted by means of sulphuric acid into glucose, the determination of which gave the information required. I afterwards applied the process to blood, and the various organs and tissues of the body, with the result that a more or less notable amount of cupric oxide reducing product was obtained, which I at the time looked upon as taking origin, as in the case of the liver, from glycogen.

scholarly journals Hydatid Disease Simulating Acute Abdomen: A Case Report and Brief Review of the Literature

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios Lianos ◽  
Georgios Baltogiannis ◽  
Avrilios Lazaros ◽  
Konstantinos Vlachos
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Hydatid Disease ◽  
Acute Abdominal Pain ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
The Body ◽  
Parasitic Disease ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Diffuse Abdominal Pain ◽  
Operating Surgeon

Introduction. Hydatid disease is caused by the tapewormEchinococcus granulosusand is still a matter of public health in many regions of the world, where it is an endemic parasitic disease. Although the liver is the most involved organ, hydatidosis can be found anywhere in the human body. Rare forms of location may lead to diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas.Case Report. Herein we report a rare case of acute abdominal pain and progressively increasing abdominal distension due to abdominal and multiple splenic echinococcosis in a 72-year-old Caucasian male. We also provide a brief review of the literature.Conclusion. Although hydatid disease is found most often in the liver and lungs, rarely any organ of the body can be involved by this zoonosis. Though rare, the possibility of unusual location of echinococcosis must always be considered by the operating surgeon, when dealing with diffuse abdominal pain in endemic areas, because any misinterpretation may result in unfavorable outcomes.

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