scholarly journals Recent landslide studies in the Dolomites (Eastern Italian Alps) for hazard assessment and mitigation

2000 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Maotovani ◽  
A. Pasuto ◽  
S. Silvaoo
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Alluvial Fans ◽  
Italian Alps ◽  
Natural Landscape ◽  
Ancient Landslide ◽  
Recent Landslide ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
Economic Assets ◽  
High Degree

The correct interpretation of landslide hazard, and consequently the optimisation of the interventions to be carried out in order to mitigate the loss of human lives and economic assets, depends on some general considerations. Firstly, gravitational phenomena should be regarded as an effect of natural landscape evolution, and secondly, the interaction of these phenomena with human activities and structures causes casualties and damage. Indeed, the population growth has led to greater needs for space and natural resources. On the other hand, the constant technological progress and improvement of living standards have caused remarkable changes in natural environment. Consequently, the events such as landslides have had increasingly serious consequences on human life and activities. The Eastern Italian Alps, and in particular the Dolomites, are famous mountainous areas for their well-organised winter and summer resorts located at different elevations along the slopes and in the valleys.  The territory includes high (more than 3,000 m) peaks alternating with densely populated valleys. Most of the villages are located on alluvial fans, at the bottom of the valley, or on the toe of ancient landslide accumulations. This fact implies a high degree of risk for civil populations, urban settlements, and infrastructure. The Dolomites are prone to sliding owing to their steeps lopes and unfavourable structural setting (i.e. an intensely faulted and jointed sequence of rigid and plastic formations).  In this framework, the paper describes some experience of landslide investigations and monitoring carried out in this area.

Flow processes on alluvial fans in the Eastern Italian Alps

1993 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-458
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Marchi ◽  
Alessandro Pausto ◽  
Pia R. Tecca
Keyword(s):  
Alluvial Fans ◽  
Italian Alps ◽  
Flow Processes

The Landscape Cultural Construction

2016 ◽  
pp. 142-168
Author(s):  
Isabel Sousa Rosa ◽  
Joana C. Lopes ◽  
Ricardo J. Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Cultural Construction ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Cultural Sustainability ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
Gis Environment ◽  
Land Use Plan

The interdependent relation between urban settlements and their environment has been broadly neglected over the last two centuries, particularly near major urban centers. This reflects in an unbalanced and often inadequate occupation of the territory, leading to the deterioration of quality of human life by loss of ecological and cultural diversity. In this sense, it was carried out a research to develop a Potential Land-Use Plan for the Portuguese territory to assess the land suitability for the installation of multiple human activities. The concept proposed for this chapter, will be based on a reinterpretation of tradition, following the current concepts of ecological and cultural sustainability, concerning the historical occupation of the Portuguese territory focusing on the Roman period using a GIS environment.

Theoretical and Practical Implications of I.M.F. Conditionality in Zambia

1986 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neva Seidman Makgetla
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Real Wages ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Income Groups ◽  
Low Income Groups ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Practical Implications

Zambia has faced an economic crisis since 1975. Living standards for most of the population have deteriorated sharply, with falling real wages and a drop in G.D.P. per capita by about a quarter. At the same time, the gap between the high- and low-income groups has probably widened.Zambia's economic difficulties originated in international factors. In the two decades of independence, and unusually high degree of external dependency, inherited from the colonial era, continued to chatacterise the economy. Imported inputs accounted for at least one-third of all costs in mining and manufacturing, as may be seen from Table I. Meanwhile, the production of copper and relate minerals contributed a steady nine-tenths of export revenues. But in 1975, the terms of trade for copper plummeted by nearly 50 per cent, and merchandise imports promptly contracted by almost one-quarter, seriously affecting production. Since then the price of copper has stagnated.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF EVALUATING THE EFFECIENCY OF EXECUTIVE AUTHORITIES IN THE ORGANIZATION OF TECHNOSPHERE SECURITY IN THE CONTEXT OF A RISK-BASED APPROACH IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
Alan I. Bektirov ◽  
Valery I. Tatarenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Material Damage ◽  
Executive Authority ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Economic Control ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Moment ◽  
And Control

Risk-oriented economic control and supervisory activity (CSA) consists in the fact that the objects of the economy under the supervision and control of the state are differentiated by the degree of probability of causing harm to human life and health, as well as material damage to the environment. The reform of the legislation affected the existing system of the CSA, including the procedure for implementing the CSA. Thus, the priority in conducting the CSA is directed towards measures to prevent violations and provide guarantees to economic entities in interaction with employees of executive authorities. The existing methodology for assessing the efficiency of the activities of executive authorities, to assess efficiency activities of executive authorities in terms of the efficiency of budget spending, trends in indicators of living standards, social and economic development of the region, as well as the degree of implementation of methods and principles of management at on level. At the moment, there is a need to develop indicators that characterize the efficiency of a particular executive authority, including the field of ensuring technosphere security. To select the indicators that characterize the efficiency of the activity, first of all, it is necessary to select the goals that the activities of the executive authority are aimed at.

scholarly journals Study of the Optimization of Structural Designs in Residential Buildings

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Jianyu Wei
Keyword(s):  
Design Optimization ◽  
Continuous Improvement ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Optimization Theory ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Structural Design Optimization

The building structural design which has met both functional and quality assurances could no longer meet the demands of human life and spirit, especially with the continuous improvement in living standards and increasing in public needs. Therefore, there is necessary to optimize the design of building structures. This study will give a brief introduction to the optimization theory of structural design, present some optimization measures and theoretical reference for future structural design optimization.

scholarly journals Level of urban development of demographic areas in Serbia

Stanovnistvo ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 89-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radoslav Stevanovic ◽  
Branislav Stojanovic
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Structure ◽  
Demographic Parameter ◽  
Demographic Research ◽  
Regional Division ◽  
Population Concentration ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Demographic Effects

The main aim of this analysis was to determine the demographic effects of the process of urbanization (as measured by the level of population concentration in, formally speaking, urban settlements) on the regional division of Serbia (made more than three decades ago) into standard zones for demographic research. Likewise, the aim of the investigation was to determine (as accurately as possible) the extent to which this scheme of regional division could be used as a basis for demographic regionalization of the territory of the Republic. This two-tier scheme divides the area of Serbia into thirty I-tier (I) zones (regions) and seven II-tier zones (regions) by combining some, usually modified, geographic criteria and (fully applying) the carefully selected strictly demographic criteria, but not applying those of the spatial-demographic character (like densities, migratory features, urbanization). Demographic effects of the process of urbanization (as a strictly demographic parameter) on this regional division were investigated only in terms of the I-tier zones and not at lower (subregional) spatial units - municipalities. The changes were analysed for the period from 1971 to 1991 only, which was estimated as representative enough for this process. Based on the investigation results, the following was concluded: - despite strong demographic effects of the process of urbanization, most standard zones for demographic research have managed to keep the relatively high degree of homogeneity, which makes the current regional division of Serbia quite acceptable with some slight modifications; - modifications of this scheme, as determined by the demographic effects of the process of urbanization, would mostly go into the direction of intra-regional changes in regions to which the major urban agglomerations of Serbia belong because, as large concentrations of population, they form a new spatial demographic structure of these zones (regions); - the modified scheme (adjusted to the actual demographic state and the structure of the zones) would represent a proper base for demographic regionalization of the Republic of Serbia.

scholarly journals SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND ECOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT COMPONENTS OF CITY TERRITORIES IN THE CONTEXT OF MODERN URBAN PROCESSES

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1(78)) ◽  
pp. 95-114
Author(s):  
L.Ye. KUPINETS ◽  
H.O. TIUTIUNNYK
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Nonlinear System ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Material Base ◽  
New Model ◽  
Human Habitat ◽  
Urban Settlements

Topicality. In the context of urban development, the issue of urban management in order to prevent risks and solve economic, environmental, socio-psychological problems of urban development with their impact on human life becomes relevant. Aim and tasks. The aim of the study is to substantiate the essence of managing the formation of local areas as a human habitat and material base in terms of urbanization processes as complex socio-economic and ecological systems. Tasks of the study: analysis of the preconditions, positive and negative features of the development of urban processes; characteristics of trends and stages of urban processes in the world; presentation of a new approach to the study of the city, taking into account its multifunctionality and interdisciplinarity; consideration of current trends and factors in the development of cities and urban settlements; coverage of the socio-psychological side of the development of urban processes; substantiation of the approach to planning and management of urban land use on the basis of a new model of urban territory through the formation of "atmosphere" as a nonlinear system of inevitable interaction of ecosystems, economic and socio-psychological relations; development of principles of urban areas management through socio-economic-ecological components in the context of modern urban processes. Research results. The preconditions, tendencies, risks, ways of development of urbanization are analyzed, the characteristic of a modern condition of this process is given. The study of urban space in terms of demographic, urban, environmental, social, economic and information aspects is substantiated. Factors of development of urban processes, in particular demographic, economic, ecological, town-planning, social and cultural are considered. Modern trends in urban development and urban settlements are described. The directions of risk prevention and solution of economic, ecological, social and psychological problems and problems of development of urban processes with their influence on human life and socio-ecological development of economy are presented. The formation of a new model of the territory of cities on the basis of a nonlinear system - "atmosphere" taking into account the socio-psychological side of the development of urban processes is substantiated. Conclusion. The main goal of the current stage of urban processes requires research and the formation of new approaches to the management of a complex system called "city" and its territories. The new model requires taking into account the socio-economic and ecological potential of the territory, conservation, rational use and reproduction of resources in the relevant area. Particular attention needs to be taken into account socio-psychological and a variety of other factors, according to which urban settlements are developing and functioning, gaining rapid growth with the development of urban processes. The greatest attention is paid to the problems of compliance with environmental requirements, conservation of land use, biodiversity and the general state of the ecosystem.

A clinical study on the effect of Bilvapatra Ghana in the management of Madhumeha with respect to Type II Diabetes Mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Prashant P. Budhwat ◽  
Dr. Rajendra G. Wagh ◽  
Dr. Pravin A. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Herbal Medicinal ◽  
Sugar Levels

In the course of evolution of human life, man has struggled a lot to obtain the best of living standards. Among all necessities, health care is given the best attention because, only healthy individual can enjoy the benefits of beauties of the nature. Positive health doesn’t mean only physical but physiological, mental, social and spiritual wellbeing also. If the principles of Ayurveda are studied in modern scientific way, both in respect of its approach to disease and therapy, especially in relation to Madhumeha. Diabetes results when the body makes too little insulin or does not use insulin properly, allowing sugar levels to build up in the blood stream. The free radicals are one of the important etiological factors for the development of diabetes and its complications. Antioxidants capable of protecting against the damage induced by free radicals and it also have a role in reducing the effects of diabetes. There are many herbal medicinal plants like Babul, Bilva, Davana, Neem, Jambu etc. with proven antidiabetic and related beneficial effects. Bilvapatra is effective in the treatment for diabetes by reducing blood glucose level. So in present study Bilvapatra Ghana is used in the management of Madhumeha.

Thinking of Green Space System Planning of City New District Based on Sustainable Development

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 4850-4853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Hua Fu
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Landscape Fragmentation ◽  
Space System ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
Ecological Functions ◽  
System Planning ◽  
Natural Landscape ◽  
Space Construction ◽  
High Degree

Problems existed in the green space construction of city new districts, such as loss of ecological functions, the simple pursuit of quantity, high degree of landscape fragmentation. This paper took the concept of sustainable development as a guide, combined with new-district constructions of Sweden, Britain and Germany, the following proposals for green space system planning were put forward to realize sustainable development of new districts: planning should be oriented by ecological functions; positive interaction must be sought between green space system and the new-district space development; protection on the natural landscape resources and continuous landscape process must be strengthened; green space system planning should focus on the continuation of regional context.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document