scholarly journals Effects of source digital elevation models in assessment of gross runoff-river hydropower potential: A case study of West Rapti Basin, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-128
Author(s):  
Sunil Bista ◽  
Umesh Singh ◽  
Nagendra Kayastha ◽  
Bhola NS Ghimire ◽  
Rocky Talchabhadel
Keyword(s):  
Swat Model ◽  
Hydrological Modelling ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Base Case ◽  
River Channels ◽  
Total Potential ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Hydropower Potential

Advancements in Geographical Information System (GIS), Remote Sensing (RS) technology, hydrologic modeling and availability of wider coverage hydrometeorological data have facilitated the use of GIS and hydrological modelling tools in studies related to hydropower potential. Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is the primary data required for these tools. They have become more accessible and many are freely available. These DEMs have different resolution and their errors vary due to their primary data acquisition techniques and processing methods. However, their effects on the hydropower potential assessment are less investigated. This study evaluates the effects of 6 freely available DEMs: ALOS 12.5 m, SRTM 90 m, SRTM 30 m, ASTER G-DEM version-3 30 m, AW3D 30 m and Cartosat-1 version-3 30 m on the Gross Run-off-River Hydropower Potential (GRHP) assessment, using GIS and hydrological modelling tools. West Rapti River (WRR) basin in Nepal was chosen for the case study. Soil and Water Tool (SWAT) hydrological model, coupled with GIS was used to discretize the WRR basin into several sub-basins/streams. Flow at the inlet and outlet of streams were estimated from the SWAT model whereas the topographic head was extracted from the DEMs. The GRHP of the streams were computed using the estimated stream flow and the topographic head for flows at 40% to 60% Probability of Exceedance (PoE). The total potential of the basin was computed by summing up the potential of all streams. The GRHP of WRR basin for flows at 40% PoE was estimated as 512 MW for ALOS 12.5 m resolution DEM, referred as a base case in this study. The GRHP estimated from the remaining DEMs showed the variation of less than 6% compared to the base case. The topographic head was found to be sensitive with respect to the DEM resolution and the highest variations were observed in the main river channels.

scholarly journals The Role of Spatial Analysis in Detecting the Consequence of the Factory Sites : Case Study of Assalaya Factory-Sudan

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 12004
Author(s):  
Amar Sharaf Eldin Khair ◽  
Purwanto ◽  
Henna RyaSunoko ◽  
Omer Adam Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Nile River ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
White Nile ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Factory Site

Spatial analysis is considered as one of the most important science for identifying the most appropriate site for industrialization and also to alleviate the environmental ramifications caused by factories. This study aims at analyzing the Assalaya sugarcane factory site by the use of spatial analysis to determine whether it has ramification on the White Nile River. The methodology employed for this study is Global Position System (GPS) to identify the coordinate system of the study phenomena and other relative factors. The study will also make use Geographical Information System (GIS) to implement the spatial analysis. Satellite data (LandsatDem-Digital Elevation Model) will be considered for the study area and factory in identifying the consequences by analyzing the location of the factory through several features such as hydrological, contour line and geological analysis. Data analysis reveals that the factory site is inappropriate and according to observation on the ground it has consequences on the White Nile River. Based on the finding, the study recommended some suggestions to avoid the aftermath of any factory in general. We have to take advantage of this new technological method to aid in selecting most apt locations for industries that will create an ambient environment.

scholarly journals Sensitivity analysis of the DEM resolution and effective parameters of runoff yield in the SWAT model: a case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nazari-Sharabian ◽  
Masoud Taheriyoun ◽  
Moses Karakouzian
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Effective Parameters ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reduce Computation Time

Abstract This study investigates the impact of different digital elevation model (DEM) resolutions on the topological attributes and simulated runoff, as well as the sensitivity of runoff parameters in the Mahabad Dam watershed in Iran. The watershed and streamlines were delineated in ArcGIS, and the hydrologic analyses were performed using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The sensitivity analysis on runoff parameters was performed, using the Sequential Uncertainties FItting Ver. 2 algorithm, in the SWAT Calibration and Uncertainty Procedures (SWAT-CUP) program. The results indicated that the sensitivity of runoff parameters, watershed surface area, and elevations changed under different DEM resolutions. As the distribution of slopes changed using different DEMs, surface parameters were most affected. Furthermore, higher amounts of runoff were generated when DEMs with finer resolutions were implemented. In comparison with the observed value of 8 m3/s at the watershed outlet, the 12.5 m DEM showed more realistic results (6.77 m3/s). Comparatively, the 12.5 m DEM generated 0.74% and 2.73% more runoff compared with the 30 and 90 m DEMs, respectively. The findings of this study indicate that in order to reduce computation time, researchers may use DEMs with coarser resolutions at the expense of minor decreases in accuracy.

Assessment of Hydropower Potential Using Geospatial Technology in a Case Study of Guna-Tana Landscape Upper Abay Basin, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asirat Teshome ◽  
Yonas Tibebu ◽  
Endalkachew Addis
Keyword(s):  
Digital Elevation Model ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Stream Network ◽  
Geospatial Technology ◽  
Gis Tools ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Hydropower Potential ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Planning And Construction

Abstract Background: In this study, geospatial technology was used to assess potential sites for hydroelectric potential in the Ribb and Gumara Rivers of the Guna-Tana landscape of the upper Abay basin in Ethiopia. The important parameters used in this study were the Digital Elevation Model, the stream network, the stream elevation; the stream slope, the height difference, and the stream flow were analysed. In addition, the results obtained from the geospatial model, satellite data and GIS tools were used to identify the hydroelectric potential in the landscape. Results: Twenty sites with hydroelectric potential were identified within the 3528.16 km2 of the Guna-Tana landscape. The maximum power in the Ribb River was 48,389.98 kW, while in the Gumara River it was 41,984.01 kW. Therefore, the development of strategies to improve the decision-making process for hydroelectric power planning and construction is of utmost importance to support renewable energy production with minimal negative environmental social impacts. Conclusion: Therefore, this study revealed that the hydroelectric potential of a river basin could be correctly assessed using a digital elevation model, stream network data, within a GIS framework.

scholarly journals Level of Services (LOS) for Public Bus and Passenger’s Aspiration in Kerian District, Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Syahriah Bachok ◽  
Mariana Mohamed Osman ◽  
Zakiah Ponrahono
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
The Road ◽  
International Publishing ◽  
Key Dimensions ◽  
Bus Services

Public transportation facilitates the mobility of activities and goods from all sustainable development key dimensions. Over the past decades, more trips of public transportation move people towards a more sustainable future, by reducing congestion on the roads and increasing the efficiency of the road system. The research aims at analysing the passenger’s aspiration and perspective of sustainable public transport measure and evaluating Malaysian rural bus services, using the case study of Kerian District in the state of Perak. On-board intercept passenger survey and adoption of Geographical Information System (GIS) / Global Positioning System (GPS) were used to collect the primary data. The research suggested that whilst the services levels are less than those aspired by the passengers, there are many improvement areas to be prioritised in the near future.Keywords: Sustainable transportation; sustainable transport indicator; transport planning; sustainable transportation dimension; passenger’s aspiration.eISSN 2398-4279 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.

Pipeline Risk Mitigation Study

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand Pillay
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Risk Reduction Measures ◽  
Level Of Risk

This paper presents a case study, which is currently being carried out on a high-pressure sub-sea gas export pipeline. The main objective of the case study is to determine if the risk mitigation measures that are already in place are sufficient considering the level of risk for different sections of the pipeline. The methodology utilizes a Geographical Information System and the COmputer Assisted Shipping Traffic (COAST) database to determine the level of risk caused by vessels traveling over the pipeline. The factors considered are damaged due to anchor drop and drag, vessel foundering and grounding over the pipeline. Live vessel tracks obtained from nearby radar stations are used to determine the annual traffic volume, size, type and speed of vessels as well as vessel headings. This information is then fed into the COAST database and presented graphically. The pipeline is then divided into equal area cells and the probability of anchor dropping and dragging and vessel foundering and grounding are calculated based on the type, size and speed of the vessels identified to have passed over the pipeline. The results of the frequency of occurrences and fatalities are presented and then evaluated against the set As Low As Reasonable Practicable (ALARP) level. The “hot spots” of the pipeline are identified and a base case study is carried out for the risk reduction measures that are in place (if any) for each of the “hot spots” identified. Alternative risk reduction measures are considered and a cost benefit analysis is carried out to determine the most feasible option. The risk levels are then recalculated with the risk reduction measures in place to see if this has reduced the risk to ALARP. The COAST database is thought to be very useful as it can be updated to reflect the current navigational practices of vessels and hence, it would be easy to update analyses as and when required.

scholarly journals Current Status of Small/Micro Hydropower in Nepal: A Case Study of Giringdi SHP

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Saurabh Agrawal ◽  
Roshan Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Hydropower Potential ◽  
The Government ◽  
Electronic Load ◽  
Major Equipment

Nepal has economically exploitable hydropower potential of about 42,000 Megawatts out of which only about 2% has been harnessed so far. Nepal’s average annual per capita electricity consumption is about 161 kWh- one of the lowest consumptions in South Asia. Electrical energy available for the fiscal year 2016/2017 was 6257 GWh, of which NEA’s own contribution was only 36.84% whereas those imported from India and local IPPs accounted for 34.76% and 28.40% respectively. Despite its vast hydropower potential, Nepal suffers from severe and long-lasting electricity supply crisis. The main objective of the study was to assess the current status of small/micro hydropower in Nepal through a case study of Giringdi SHP (75 kW), considered as an example of excellence in small/micro hydropower. Analysis was done based on the primary data that was accumulated via questionnaires, simple observation, and direct on-site testing of components. It was found that the condition of plant with regard to installed major equipment like turbine, generator, Electronic Load Controller (ELC), control valves, panel board and other electrical parameters were only satisfactory while the working condition of other components like bearings, shaft and couplings were considerably poor. Even the condition of one of the best sites, seemed to be satisfactory reflecting the frequency of maintenance and policies in rural off-grid/not connected region. Thus, this all shows that the government policy for off grid/ not connection in comparison with pre-connection and post-connection strategy regarding national electrification plan needs to be revised and rethought for future development and growth of this sector.

scholarly journals A GIS Approach for Rapid Identification of Run-of-River (RoR) Hydropower Potential Site in Watershed: A case study of Bhote Koshi Watershed, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 48-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagendra Kayastha ◽  
Umesh Singh ◽  
Krishna Prasad Dulal
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Initial Screening ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Circular Area ◽  
Energy And Environment ◽  
Hydropower Potential ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Run Of River

A new Geographical Information System (GIS) approach is proposed to assess primary potential hydropower site, explicitly identifying highly possible hydropower locations spatially, over a large area in a short time. The results from this approach were validated with an existing hydropower site in the Bhote Koshi catchment in Nepal. Altogether 885 number of searches made along the river streams each covered a circular area of radius 10 km, with distance between headwork and power houses of 500 m intervals, thus, identified 297 highly potential sites out of total 2655 during evaluation. The results indicate that, 52 sub-catchments have potential areas and seven specific hydropower locations overlapped with existing hydropower projects. This approach is suitable for initial screening only and the produced results significantly facilitate further in-depth feasibility study to engineering and economic analysis for hydropower potential of the basin. HYDRO Nepal JournalJournal of Water, Energy and Environment Issue: 23Year: 2018

Environment and atmosphere of night tourism based on the local wisdom: A case study of Berastagi

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Selly Veronica ◽  
Nurlisa Ginting ◽  
AmyMarisa
Keyword(s):  
Field Observation ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Innovative Strategy ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Descriptive Method

Night tourism development comes up as an innovative strategy for tourism development in this current intense competition. There are four main elements in night tourism, namely economic, social, environmental, and night atmosphere. Berastagi is the most popular tourist destination in Karo Regency, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia, which already have night tourism destination but unfortunately undeveloped yet. Night tourism development in Berastagi must be with the local wisdom approach to maximize its benefit. Karonese as the majority ethnic of the local community in this area potential to be developed on its night tourism. This paper only analyzes the environmental and night atmosphere aspects in Berastagi’s night tourism, which based on local wisdom. Qualitative primary data from field observation and depth interview results have been analyzed by using the descriptive method. The study shows that involving local wisdom in developing the environment and night atmosphere can give the typical identity for the night tourism in Berastagi.Night Tourism

Professional Stress among Junior Commissioned Officers and Non Commissioned Officers of Indian Military Intelligence – A Case Study

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 133-145
Author(s):  
Dr. S. S. Nirmala ◽  
Dr. N. Kogila ◽  
T. Porkodi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Correlation Matrix ◽  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Military Intelligence ◽  
Sphericity Test ◽  
Professional Stress ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The present study is focusing on the professional stress on organisation among the Junior Commissioned Officers (JCOs) and Non-Commissioned Officers (NCOs) of Indian Military Intelligence. 384 samples of Military Intelligence personnel will be taken for this study. Sources of data is Primary data include a structured questionnaire. Data was collected through structured questionnaire and measure through Likert’s scale, using KMO measure of sampling adequacy, Cronbach’s alpha for checking internal consistency, Bartlett sphericity test for testing the null hypothesis and various factor analysis including Eigenvalues, Extract square Sum loading, variance percent and Accumulation percent values relative comparison and Correlation matrix will be used as tools to arrive at desired results and statistical interpretations. The hypotheses put for test and the resultant values at 0.01 and 0.05 (for different factors) clearly indicated that there is an existence of association between different level of cadres and professional stress among personnel of Indian Military Intelligence. The authority who can formulate the rules and regulations and binding them on the lower cadres and professions to accept and adopt.

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