scholarly journals Stillbirth at Patan Hospital, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Sarada Duwal Shrestha ◽  
Padma Gurung ◽  
Reena Shrestha ◽  
Prashant Shrestha ◽  
Renee Pradhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Abruptio Placenta

Introductions: Stillbirth (SB) is one of the most common adverse outcomes of pregnancy. The aim of this study was to determine the SB rate and to identify the likely causes contributing to SB. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Patan Hospital from 15th June 2014 to 14th June 2017 for all the cases of SBs, at or after 22 weeks, birth weight of 500 gm or more. The perinatal outcome, demographic profile, fetal characteristics, causes and contributing factors were analyzed. Results: There were 262 SB out of total 23069 deliveries, (11.24 per 1000) and 119 (46.12%) had antenatal check-up (ANC) at Patan Hospital. The 214 (82.95%) SB were among 20-34 years mothers, 133 (51.55%) being multigravida. Antepartum SB were 234 (89.31%), macerated 213 (81.30%), birth weight <1000gm 86 (32.82%) and male 156 (59.54%). The intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) was present in 60 (22.90%), unexplained casue in 43 (16.41%), prematurity 28 (10.69%), congenital anomalies 26 (9.92%), pre-eclampsia 19 (7.25%), gestational diabetes, and abruptio placenta each 13 (4.96%). Delay in seeking care in 202 (78.30%) was a potential contributing factor. Conclusions: The SB was 11.24/1000 births. The causes in descending order were IUGR, unexplained, prematurity, congenital anomalies, pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes and abruptio placenta. Delay in seeking care was found as a potential contributing factor.

scholarly journals Predictors of foeto-maternal outcome of patients with abruptio placenta at Bugando Medical Centre, Tanzania

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dismas Matovelo ◽  
Kelvin Nandonde ◽  
Anthony Massinde ◽  
Richard Rumanyika
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Medical Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bugando Medical ◽  
Abruptio Placenta ◽  
Bugando Medical Centre

Background: Abruptio placenta (AP) is one of the life-threatening obstetric complications for both the foetus and mother. We conducted this study to determine the incidence and predictors of adverse outcomes of abruptio placenta at Bugando Medical Centre (BMC) in northwest Tanzania.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2012 to April 2013. Women with clinical features of abruptio placenta attending BMC were recruited. Data were collected using a structured checklist and analysed with STATA 11.Results: A total of 3,800 deliveries occurred during study period. The incidence of AP was 2.5% (95/3800). Among patients with AP, 49 (51.6%) delivered by Caesarean section. Three (3.2%) maternal deaths occurred. These deaths were strongly associated with the presence of maternal anaemia (p<0.05), and postpartum haemorrhage (p<0.05). The foetal adverse outcomes were prematurity 78 (82.1%), foetal distress 65 (68.4%), low birth weight 46 (48.4%) and intrauterine foetal deaths 30 (31.6%). Perinatal deaths occurred in 52 (54.7 %) of the cases, and were predicted by low birth weight (p<0.001), vaginal delivery (p=0.001), birth asphyxia (p<0.001), and retroplacental clot (>700ml) (p<0.001).Conclusion: The incidence of AP at BMC is high and characterised by poor maternal and foetal outcomes. Patients with AP should be delivered promptly to improve their survival.

scholarly journals Stillbirths - Determining the associated factors and causes according to relevant condition at death: an experience from Pokhara, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
Junu Shrestha ◽  
Rami Shrestha ◽  
Sonam Gurung
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Relevant Condition ◽  
Cord Prolapse

Background: Stillbirth contributes significantly to perinatal mortality. This study was conducted with aim to determine various factors associated with it and to define the causes of stillbirth according to relevant condition at birth.Materials and Methods :This is prospective cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Manipal Teaching Hospital from July 2015 to June 2017. All cases of stillbirth occurring during antenatal or intrapartum period after 28 weeks of gestation or fetus weighing 1000 grams or more were included. Detailed demographic parameters were noted. After delivery, fetus, placenta, umbilical cord and amniotic fluid were noted in detail. Data was entered in SPSS version 16 and analysis done.Results: The stillbirth rate was 22 per 1000 births. Low educational level of women, lack of antenatal care, multiparous status, gestational age less than 34 weeks, low birth weight and male gender of fetus were found to be significantly associated with stillbirths. The cause of fetal death could be identified according to relevant condition at death in 84% of cases. Only in 16%, the cause of stillbirth was not identified. Intrauterine growth restriction was the commonest cause of stillbirth (22%), followed by congenital anomalies (15%) and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (14%). Other causes were abruptio (7%), intrapartum asphyxia (7%) and rupture uterus (5%). Other minor causes were anemia, diabetes, cord prolapse and amniotic fluid abnormalities.Conclusion :Low level of education, lack of quality antenatal care, multiparity, low gestational age and birth weight and male sex of fetus were factors associated with stillbirth. The cause of stillbirth was identified in most of the cases and largely was due to intrauterine growth restriction.Journal of Nobel Medical CollegeVolume 6, Number 2, Issue 11, July-December 2017, 58-65

scholarly journals Asthma prevalence, lung and cardiovascular function in adolescents born preterm

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Arroyas ◽  
Cristina Calvo ◽  
Santiago Rueda ◽  
Maria Esquivias ◽  
Cristina Gonzalez-Menchen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Asthma Prevalence ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Global Function ◽  
Current Asthma ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Very Preterm

AbstractOur main objective was to study respiratory evolution and pulmonary and cardiac function in adolescents born preterm in the post-surfactant era. Observational cross-sectional study, comparing very preterm (< 32 weeks) and moderately-late preterm adolescents (≥ 32 weeks) (74 each group). We recorded respiratory symptoms, spirometry and functional echocardiogram. Very preterm adolescents required more respiratory admissions (45.9% vs. 28.4%) (p = 0.03, OR 2.1, CI95% 1.1–4.2) and had more current asthma (21.6% vs. 9.5%, p = 0.04, OR 2.3, CI95% 1.1–5.2). Preterm subjects with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) presented lower FEV1 (88.7 ± 13.9 vs. 95.9 ± 13.3, p = 0.027) and lower FVC (88.2 ± 13.6 vs. 95.5 ± 13.3, p = 0.025). When assessing right ventricle, very preterm showed a greater E/E’ ratio (p = 0.02) and longer myocardial performance index (MPI) (p = 0.001). Adolescents with IUGR showed less shortening fraction (p = 0.016), worse E/E′ ratio (p = 0.029) and longer MPI (p = 0.06). Regarding left ventricle, very preterm showed less E′ wave velocity (p = 0.03), greater E/E′ ratio (p = 0.005) and longer MPI (p < 0.001). Gestational age < 32 weeks is independently associated with current asthma in adolescence. Children 13–14 years old born very preterm required more respiratory admissions and had poorer diastolic and global function of both ventricles. IUGR is a risk factor for poorer lung function in preterm adolescents, regardless gestational age.

scholarly journals Maternal Hematological Parameters and Placental and Umbilical Cord Histopathology in Intrauterine Growth Restriction

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mária Jakó ◽  
Andrea Surányi ◽  
László Kaizer ◽  
Gábor Németh ◽  
György Bártfai
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Placental Weight ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Placental Volume

Objective: To investigate the placental and umbilical cord histopathology in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and their relation to second-trimester maternal hematological parameters. Materials and Methods: Patients were selected for the IUGR group based on estimated fetal weight below the 10th percentile. Patients were recruited into the control group randomly. Patients were followed up with ultrasound, and blood samples were taken between the 20th and 24th gestational weeks. After delivery and formalin fixation, weight and volume of the placenta were recorded and histologic samples were processed. Results: Maternal platelet count strongly correlates with placental weight (r = 0.766). On the other hand, neonatal weight correlates with placental volume (r = 0.572) rather than with placental weight (r = 0.469). Umbilical arterial lumen cross-sectional area correlates with birth weight (r = 0.338). Conclusions: Maternal hematological parameters do not seem to affect neonatal outcome. Our main findings are the correlation of maternal platelet count with placental weight, the correlation of placental volume with birth weight being stronger than the correlation of placental weight with birth weight, and the correlation of umbilical artery lumen cross-sectional area with neonatal weight. Mild histopathologic alterations might occur in normal pregnancies; however, sufficient fetal nutrition can be maintained. This compensatory function of the placenta seems to be insufficient when two or more pathologies are present, which is characteristic for IUGR.

scholarly journals Comparison of APGAR Score of Newborns with Mode of Delivery and Its Associated Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-182
Author(s):  
Laxmi Paudyal
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mother’S Age

Newborn baby should be assessed immediately soon after the birth and the APGAR (Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, Respiration) score is the most commonly used, simple and most effective method of immediate newborn assessment. The aim of the study was to compare the newborn APGAR score on first and fifth minute in two different mode of delivery; Normal Vaginal delivery (NVD) and Cesarean Delivery (CD) and its contributing factors. A cross-sectional study design with comparative research approach was adopted to conduct the research. Total 200 singleton babies (100 NVD and 100 CD) were selected and APGAR score was checked in the first and fifth minutes from baby’s birth record. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results showed that 88 and 95 percentage of neonatal APGAR scores in 1st and 5th minutes were more than seven, respectively. There were no significant statistical differences between APGAR score of 1st and 5th minutes in two methods of delivery (t=0.067 and 0.066 on 1st minute and 5th minute respectively, p>0.05). However, premature newborns, low birth weight, mother’s age and weight of mother, no of parity has effect on APGAR score. The study findings concluded that not the method of delivery has any effect on the low Apgar score of babies on birth but the factors such as prematurity, maternal age, mother’s weight, no of parity, low birth weight has significant association on low APGAR score of babies. Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 7, Issue-3: 176-182

scholarly journals Effect of COVID -19 pandemic on still births.

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Sumaira Yasmin ◽  
Wajeeha Syed ◽  
Nazia Liaqat ◽  
Tanveer Shafqat ◽  
Saira Naseem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Placenta Previa ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Obstructed Labor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Still Births ◽  
Number Of Patients

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic is testing the strength of the strongest medical management in the globe. In developing countries, this contagious disease is quickly spreading in the midst of various endemic medical conditions like HIV, tuberculosis, jungle fever, lack of healthy sustenance, and incessant episodes of rampant contaminations. This happens especially in a setting of frail healthcare systems which may scarcely adapt to the previously mentioned existing medical challenges. Purpose: The objective of this research is to examine the impacts of pandemic of COVID-19 on the stillbirth rates. Methodology: Study was conducted at department of obstetrics and gynecology Unit Gynae C Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar from 1st January 2019 to 31st August 2020. This comparative cross sectional study was carried out at using non probability consecutive sampling technique. Findings: A large number of patients admitted with the diagnosis of stillbirth during 2019 and 2020 were multiparas 57% and 62% respectively. Booking status was 64% during 2019 and dropped to 52% in pandemic year 2020.Percentages of stillbirth due to abruption, placenta previa, gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM), type II diabetes, malpresentation, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR),obstructed labor, eclampsia, postdates and unknown causes in 2019 and 2020 have been given in the table.   

scholarly journals Low birthweight, prematurity, and intrauterine growth restriction: results from the baseline data of the first indigenous birth cohort in Brazil (Guarani Birth Cohort)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Tatiana Garcia Barreto ◽  
Felipe Guimarães Tavares ◽  
Mariza Theme-Filha ◽  
Yasmin Nascimento Farias ◽  
Lídia de Nazaré Pantoja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Baseline Data ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intrauterine Growth

Abstract Background Low birthweight (LBW) remains an important global health problem, associated with a range of adverse life-course health outcomes. Evidence suggests that LBW is a relevant determinant of morbidity and mortality in indigenous groups, who generally have limited access to public policies on health and nutrition. Knowledge of the prevalence of LBW and its underlying causes can contribute essential steps to the prevention of its health effects. The study aimed to estimate the prevalence rates of LBW, prematurity, and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and to investigate their determinants in the first indigenous birth cohort in Brazil. Methods This cross-sectional study used baseline data collected from the first indigenous birth cohort in Brazil, the Guarani Birth Cohort. Brazil is one of the most ethnically diverse countries in the world, with 305 indigenous peoples and 274 native languages. The Guarani are one of the five largest ethnic groups, with villages located mostly in the southern region. All singleton births from June 1, 2014, to May 31, 2016, were selected in 63 Guarani indigenous villages in the South and Southeast regions. Hierarchical multiple logistic regression was performed. Results Prevalence rates for LBW, prematurity, and IUGR were 15.5, 15.6, and 5.7%, respectively. The odds of LBW were lower in newborns of mothers living in brick and mortar housing (OR: 0.25; 95%CI: 0.07–0.84) and were higher in children of mothers ≤20 years of age (OR: 2.4; 95%CI: 1.29–4.44) and with chronic anemia before pregnancy (OR: 6.41; 95% CI: 1.70–24.16). Prematurity was statistically associated with the type of energy source for cooking (wood-burning stove – OR: 3.87; 95%CI: 1.71–8.78 and bonfires – OR: 2.57; 95%CI: 1.31–5.01). IUGR was associated with primiparity (OR: 4.66; 95%CI: 1.68–12.95) and chronic maternal anemia before pregnancy (OR: 7.21; 95%CI: 1.29–40.38). Conclusions Maternal age, nutritional status, and parity, housing conditions, and exposure to indoor pollution were associated with perinatal outcomes in the Guarani indigenous population. These results indicate the need to invest in access to, and improvement of, prenatal care; also in strengthening the Indigenous Healthcare Subsystem, and in inter-sector actions for the development of housing policies and sanitation and environmental improvements adjusted to needs and knowledge of the indigenous people.

scholarly journals Comparison of WHO growth standard and national Indonesian growth reference in determining prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight in children under five: a cross-sectional study from Musi sub-district

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 324
Author(s):  
Jeannie Flynn ◽  
Firas Farisi Alkaff ◽  
William Putera Sukmajaya ◽  
Sovia Salamah
Keyword(s):  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
National Reference ◽  
Growth Standard ◽  
Growth Reference

Background: Determination of stunting and wasting always uses the WHO growth standard in Indonesia. However, it is believed that Indonesian children are “below” the global standard, thus the WHO standard is not reliable to present the actual prevalence. This study aims to compare the prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight using WHO growth standard and national Indonesian growth reference. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out in Musi sub-district, East Nusa Tenggara province in July 2019. East Nusa Tenggara province had the highest prevalence of stunting and underweight in Indonesia. The study population were children under five, and total sampling method was used for this study. Length/height-for-age and weight-for-age were plotted using WHO standard and national Indonesian reference. Univariate and multivariate binomial logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Results: The prevalence of stunting and underweight were higher for the WHO standard than the national reference (53.9% vs 10.7% and 29.17% vs 17.7%; all p < 0.001). After adjusted for confounding factors, when the WHO standard was used, determinants of stunting were maternal mid-upper arm circumference below 23.5cm and maternal height below 150cm; determinants of underweight were intrauterine growth restriction, young maternal age during pregnancy, and multiple parities. When the national reference was used, no determinants was found for stunting; the determinants of underweight were intrauterine growth restriction and maternal education. Conclusions: The WHO standard is not suitable for representing child growth in Musi sub-district. Future studies should be done to re-evaluate the prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight nationwide using the national Indonesian reference.

scholarly journals Comparison of WHO growth standard and national Indonesian growth reference in determining prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight in children under five: a cross-sectional study from Musi sub-district

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 324
Author(s):  
Jeannie Flynn ◽  
Firas Farisi Alkaff ◽  
William Putera Sukmajaya ◽  
Sovia Salamah
Keyword(s):  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
National Reference ◽  
Growth Standard ◽  
Growth Reference

Background: Determination of stunting and wasting always uses the WHO growth standard in Indonesia. However, it is believed that Indonesian children are “below” the global standard, thus the WHO standard is not reliable to present the actual prevalence. This study aims to compare the prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight using WHO growth standard and national Indonesian growth reference. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out in Musi sub-district, East Nusa Tenggara province in July 2019. East Nusa Tenggara province had the highest prevalence of stunting and underweight in Indonesia. The study population were children under five, and total sampling method was used for this study. Length/height-for-age and weight-for-age were plotted using WHO standard and national Indonesian reference. Univariate and multivariate binomial logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Results: The prevalence of stunting and underweight were higher for the WHO standard than the national reference (53.9% vs 10.7% and 29.17% vs 17.7%; all p < 0.001). After adjusted for confounding factors, when the WHO standard was used, determinants of stunting were maternal mid-upper arm circumference below 23.5cm and maternal height below 150cm; determinants of underweight were intrauterine growth restriction, young maternal age during pregnancy, and multiple parities. When the national reference was used, no determinants was found for stunting; the determinants of underweight were intrauterine growth restriction and maternal education. Conclusions: The WHO standard is not suitable for representing child growth in Musi sub-district. Future studies should be done to re-evaluate the prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight nationwide using the national Indonesian reference.

scholarly journals Comparison of WHO growth standard and national Indonesian growth reference in determining prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight in children under five: a cross-sectional study from Musi sub-district

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 324
Author(s):  
Jeannie Flynn ◽  
Firas Farisi Alkaff ◽  
William Putera Sukmajaya ◽  
Sovia Salamah
Keyword(s):  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
National Reference ◽  
Growth Standard ◽  
Growth Reference

Background: Determination of stunting and wasting always uses the WHO growth standard in Indonesia. However, it is believed that Indonesian children are “below” the global standard, thus the WHO standard is not reliable to present the actual prevalence. This study aims to compare the prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight using WHO growth standard and national Indonesian growth reference. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out in Musi sub-district, East Nusa Tenggara province in July 2019. East Nusa Tenggara province had the highest prevalence of stunting and underweight in Indonesia. The study population were children under five, and total sampling method was used for this study. Length/height-for-age and weight-for-age were plotted using WHO standard and national Indonesian reference. Univariate and multivariate binomial logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Results: The prevalence of stunting and underweight were higher for the WHO standard than the national reference (53.9% vs 10.7% and 29.17% vs 17.7%; all p < 0.001). After adjusted for confounding factors, when the WHO standard was used, determinants of stunting were maternal mid-upper arm circumference below 23.5cm and maternal height below 150cm; determinants of underweight were intrauterine growth restriction, young maternal age during pregnancy, and multiple parities. When the national reference was used, no determinants was found for stunting; the determinants of underweight were intrauterine growth restriction and maternal education. Conclusions: The WHO standard is not suitable for representing child growth in Musi sub-district. Future studies should be done to re-evaluate the prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight nationwide using the national Indonesian reference.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document