scholarly journals A genderwise comparison of sleep habits of a sample adult population of Kathmandu

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Binu Gorkhali

Introduction: A consolidated sleep of 7-9 hours has recuperative effect and improves cognitive function. Relating to their differences in sociodemograpic roles and physiological responses, men and women have different sleep characteristics. Gender differences in Nepalese population has not been reported. The knowledge could be helpful in addressing their sleep disorders. Materials and methods: Sleep-related information was collected by means of questionnaires from randomly selected adults visiting a blood donation center in Kathmandu. Results: Complete response was obtained from 442 participants - 317 males and 125 females, with comparable mean age. Most (83.26%) participants had 7-9 hours of sleep. Women went to bed earlier (9.43 pm ±57 min vs 10.05 pm ±77 min in men, p=0.006) as well as woke up earlier (5.37 am ±48 min vs 6.04 am ±91 min in men, p<0.001). Total duration of sleep was comparable between the groups (nearly 8 hours ±1 hour). Age correlated inversely with sleep duration in men (p=0.003) but not in women. Conclusions: Most participants have adequate sleep duration. Women go to bed earlier and wake up earlier than men, but have about equal duration of sleep.

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A315-A315
Author(s):  
C M Baldwin ◽  
D G Link ◽  
D W Coon ◽  
S F Quan

Abstract Introduction This work compares sleep knowledge of community-dwelling older adult men and women. Methods Data were derived from a community-based sleep training program that assessed pre- and post-test knowledge of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), Insomnia, short sleep duration (SSD), restless leg syndrome (RLS), circadian rhythm disorders (CRD), and drowsy driving (DD) on a 1 (none) to 5 (great deal of knowledge) Likert-like scale. Data were analyzed with frequencies for age, sex, and sources of sleep information, and ANOVA to determine gender differences using SPSS (V24) with significance set at p&lt;.05. Results Participants (N=158; 68% women) were 56 years and older residing in a retirement community. Pre-test means±standard deviations showed women versus men had greater knowledge of Insomnia (3.5±1.3 vs. 2.9±1.0, p=.004) whereas men showed more knowledge of DD (3.2±1.1 vs. 2.6±1.3, p=.01). A trend was noted for women to have greater knowledge of SSD (3.6±1.2 vs. 3.2±1.0, p=.05). Post-test ANOVA showed a further increase in Insomnia knowledge for women versus men (4.4±0.8 vs. 4.1±0.7, p=.04); however, overall pre/post-test scores for each of the sleep disorders across men and women increased significantly at the p&lt;.001 level. Notably, more women to men reported accessing various resources for sleep information: newspapers/magazines (46:7), friends/family (29:9), the internet (25:11), TV (37:7), and physicians/nurses (45:20). Conclusion Findings indicate, prior to sleep training, women have greater knowledge of insomnia and short sleep duration, while men have more knowledge of drowsy driving. Women’s greater understanding of insomnia persists even after sleep training; however, pre- to post-test scores for both sexes across sleep disorders show significant learning outcomes. One possible reason for women’s greater knowledge of insomnia and short sleep could be their greater likelihood to access information on health and healthy lifestyle factors, including sleep, as well as their greater health care utilization. Support N/A


2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
M Amatya ◽  
Binu Gorkhali ◽  
M N Islam ◽  
S Shrestha

INTRODUCTION: The problem of overweight and obesity has been recognized as public health problem worldwide. This study was done to measure incidence of overweight and obesity in Nepalese adult population and to explore correlation of body mass index (BMI) with sleep habits.  MATERIAL AND METHODS: BMI was calculated from measured height and weight; sleep habit information was gathered from participants' recall. Participants were grouped into 4 BMI classes and 3 sleep groups. Groups were compared for age, gender, and other variables by ANOVA and Chi square.  RESULTS: Of the total 241 participants, 72.2% (n=174) were male. Sleep duration was adequate for 80.2% participants; 37% were overweight, 5% were obese, and 1% were underweight. BMI had no correlation with sleep duration (p value 0.753) but strongly correlated with age (p value 0.000).  CONCLUSION: Incidence of overweight and obesity is high in the Nepalese adult population. BMI is not correlated to sleep duration in Nepalese population as reported for other countries.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jucms.v2i4.12037  Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2014) Vol.02 No.04 Issue 08Page: 15-18


2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Petter Kristensen ◽  
Tor Bjerkedal

<p><strong><em>Bakgrunn: </em></strong>Hensikten med studien var å estimere kjønnsforskjeller og sosiale gradienter i sykefravær med varighet over 16 dager blant unge norske kvinner og menn.</p><p><strong><em>Materiale og metode: </em></strong>Ved hjelp av registerkobling etablerte vi en populasjonsbasert kohort av alle 263 605 kvinner og 286 227 menn som var født i Norge 1967-76, som bodde i riket 1. januar 2000 og som hadde registrert sysselsetting under oppfølging 2000-03 (alder 23-36 år). I oppfølgingsperioden ble sykefraværet registrert i Rikstrygdeverkets (nå Arbeids- og velferdsforvaltningen, NAV) register, og sysselsettingsdata ble innhentet i FDTrygd. Antall fravær per 100 sysselsettingsår og antall fraværsdager per sysselsettingsår ble estimert, i tillegg til fireårs risiko for fravær og diagnosespesifikt fravær. Assosiasjoner med kjønn og eget og foreldres utdanningsnivå (innhentet i SSBs utdanningsregister) ble estimert i multivariate regresjonsmodeller. Analysene ble utført i subgrupper av barnløse, foreldre og vordende foreldre.</p><p><strong><em>Resultater: </em></strong>Totalt ble 390 664 fravær registrert som i varighet utgjorde mer enn 90 000 år. Det var en sterk kvinneovervekt i sykefravær, spesielt under graviditet. Graviditet kunne forklare omtrent en tredel av kjønnsforskjellen. Justert hasardratio for kvinner med menn som referanse var 2,78 (95% konfidensintervall 2,71-2,85) for barnløse, 2,01 (1,94-2,08) for småbarnsforeldre og 18,02 (17,03-19,08) for vordende foreldre. Det var en sterk og konsistent gradient med økende fravær for lavere eget utdanningsnivå, spesielt for muskel- og skjelettfravær utenom graviditet. Det var en svakere men konsistent gradient etter foreldres utdanningsnivå, også denne var sterkest for muskel- og skjelettfravær utenom graviditet. Utdanningsgradientene var nærmest fraværende for fravær under graviditet.</p><p><strong><em>Konklusjon: </em></strong>Det ble funnet en markant kjønnsforskjell i sykefravær 2000-03 i en ung voksen befolkning som bare delvis kunne forklares av fravær under graviditet, og som ikke kunne forklares av utdanningsnivå, næringsgruppe, familietype, arbeidstid eller inntekt. Sosiale ulikheter i fravær vurdert etter eget og foreldres utdanningsnivå var sterkest for muskel- og skjelettsykdom utenom graviditet.</p><p> </p><p>Kristensen P, Bjerkedal T. <strong>Gender differences and social gradients in sickness absence 2000-03 among Norwegians born 1967-76. </strong><em>Nor J Epidemiol </em>2009; <strong>19 </strong>(2): 179-191.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>E</strong><strong>NGLISH SUMMARY</strong></p><p><strong><em>Background: </em></strong>The study aim was to estimate gender differences and social gradients in long-term (>16 days) sickness absence among young Norwegians.</p><p><strong><em>Material and methods: </em></strong>All live born in Norway, 1967-1976, were identified in the Medical Birth Registry of Norway and linked to several national registers by means of the unique national identification number. The study cohort included all 549 832 subjects who were residents in Norway as of January 1 2000 and who had registered employment during follow-up 2000-2003 (age 23-36 years). Sickness absence spells were registered in the National Insurance Administration and employment history was collected in Norway's events data base (FD-trygd) during follow-up. Number of absence spells per 100 employment years and number of absence days per employment year were computed as were the four-year risk of absence and diagnosis-specific absence. Associations with gender and parental and own education level were estimated in multivariate regression models. The analyses were performed in subgroups of childless, parents, and expecting parents.</p><p><strong><em>Results: </em></strong>A total of 390 664 absence spells with a total duration of more than 90 000 years was registered. The female absence excess was strong. The absence was particularly high during pregnancy, and pregnancies could explain approximately one third of the female excess. Adjusted hazard ratios for women (reference men) were 2,78 (95% confidence interval 2,71-2,85) for childless, 2,01 (1,94-2,08) for parents to small children and 18,02 (17,03-19,08) for expecting parents. We found a strong and consistent gradient with increasing absence in association with decreasing education level, in particular for musculoskeletal absence. A weaker but still consistent gradient was found for parental education level, strongest for musculoskeletal spells as well. Absence during pregnancy showed nearly no educational gradients.</p><p><strong><em>Conclusions: </em></strong>We found a clear gender difference in sickness absence in this young adult population. The difference was only partly explained by absence during pregnancy, and was not explained by education level, employment industry, working hours, income or family characteristics. Social inequalities in sickness absence assessed from parental and own education level was strongest for muskuloskeletal spells.</p>


Author(s):  
Sylvère Störmann ◽  
Katharina Schilbach ◽  
Felix Amereller ◽  
Angstwurm Matthias W ◽  
Jochen Schopohl

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 507-508
Author(s):  
Dr. M. Ganesh Dr. M. Ganesh ◽  
◽  
Dr.S.A.Sridevi Dr.S.A.Sridevi ◽  
Dr. T.Janagan Dr. T.Janagan

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1029-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Zhang ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Jing Wang

To expand the business ethics research field, and to increase society's understanding of Chinese insurance agents' business ethics, we investigated how gender differences are related to agents' business ethical sensitivity and whether or not these relationships are moderated by empathy. Through a regression analysis of the factors associated with the business ethical sensitivity of 417 Chinese insurance agents, we found that gender played an important role in affecting business ethical sensitivity, and empathy significantly affected business ethical sensitivity. Furthermore, empathy had a moderating effect on the relationship between gender and business ethical sensitivity. Both men and women with strong empathy scored high on business ethical sensitivity; however, men with strong empathy had higher levels of business ethical sensitivity than did women with little empathy. The findings add to the literature by providing insight into the mechanisms responsible for the benefits of empathy in increasing business ethical sensitivity.


SUHUF ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-50
Author(s):  
Ali Fakhrudin

Knowledge of  qirā’at  until now has only been regarded as under-standing the various methodologies used in reciting the Quran. There has been very little research into analyzing the implications of recitative differences in terms of their purpose, although the many versions of qira’at rightly give rise to differing exegesis. This paper seeks to examine the implication of Qur’anic recitation in those religious verses that concern gender relations. There are many religious verses that address gender differences but this paper only examines verses connected with the opposite sexes shaking hands and permission for women to work outside the home.  This second verse is mentioned because until now there has often been the viewpoint that women ought not work outside the home as long as men and women shake hands at the beginning and end of business matters. For that reason, this paper is very suitable for analysis as a reminder that very rarely is there a person who interprets the Qur’an from an angle of familiarity with various qira’at.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Mattingly ◽  
Ted Grover ◽  
Gonzalo J. Martinez ◽  
Talayeh Aledavood ◽  
Pablo Robles-Granda ◽  
...  

AbstractPrevious studies of seasonal effects on sleep have yielded unclear results, likely due to methodological differences and limitations in data size and/or quality. We measured the sleep habits of 216 individuals across the U.S. over four seasons for slightly over a year using objective, continuous, and unobtrusive measures of sleep and local weather. In addition, we controlled for demographics and trait-like constructs previously identified to correlate with sleep behavior. We investigated seasonal and weather effects of sleep duration, bedtime, and wake time. We found several small but statistically significant effects of seasonal and weather effects on sleep patterns. We observe the strongest seasonal effects for wake time and sleep duration, especially during the spring season: wake times are earlier, and sleep duration decreases (compared to the reference season winter). Sleep duration also modestly decreases when day lengths get longer (between the winter and summer solstice). Bedtimes and wake times tend to be slightly later as outdoor temperature increases.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Czernichow ◽  
Adeline Renuy ◽  
Claire Rives-Lange ◽  
Claire Carette ◽  
Guillaume Airagnes ◽  
...  

AbstractThis study provides trends in obesity prevalence in adults from 2013 to 2016 in France. 63,582 men and women from independent samples upon inclusion from the Constances cohort were included. Anthropometrics were measured at Health Screening Centers and obesity defined as a Body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2; obesity classes according to BMI are as follows: class 1 [30–34.9]; class 2 [35–39.9]; class 3 [≥ 40 kg/m2]. Linear trends across obesity classes by sex and age groups were examined in regression models and percentage point change from 2013 to 2016 for each age category calculated. All analyses accounted for sample weights for non-response, age and sex-calibrated to the French population. Prevalence of obesity ranged from 14.2 to 15.2% and from 14 to 15.3% in women and men respectively from 2013 to 2016. Class 1 obesity category prevalence was the only one to increase significantly across survey years in both men and women (p for linear trend = 0.04 and 0.01 in women and men respectively). The only significant increase for obesity was observed in the age group 18–29 y in both women and men (+ 2.71% and + 3.26% point increase respectively, equivalent to an approximate rise of 50% in women and 93% in men, p = 0.03 and 0.02 respectively). After adjustment for survey non-response and for age and sex distribution, the results show that class 1 obesity prevalence has significantly increased in both women and men from 2013 to 2016, and only in young adults in a representative sample of the French population aged 18–69 years old.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun-Sil Choi ◽  
Hyun-Sun Jeon ◽  
So-Jung Mun

Abstract Background This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the relationship between sleep habits and oral disease symptoms in adolescents. Methods Among 62,276 adolescents who participated in the 13th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (2017), we selected a total of 54,766 adolescents (age, 12–18 years; male, 49.9%) for the final analysis, after excluding those who did not report their sleep duration. The 13th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey data were obtained from a stratified, multistage, clustered sample. Independent variables included general characteristics, oral health behavior, sleep types, sleep duration, and sleep quality; dependent variables comprised oral disease symptoms. Sleep was categorized according to bedtime astype A (bedtime < 1 a.m.) and type B (bedtime ≥ 1 a.m.). Data were analyzed using logistic regression analysis. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results After adjusting for all covariates, adolescents with type A sleep had a higher risk of toothache on chewing (OR = 1.08, 95% CI 1.02–1.15) than adolescents with type B. Adolescents who slept for 6 h or less each night had a higher risk of pain in the tongue and buccal mucosa (OR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.18–1.54), gingival pain, and bleeding (OR = 1.31, 95% CI 1.19–1.45) than those who slept for more than 8 h. Adolescents with low quality of sleep had a higher risk of toothache or throbbing (OR = 1.70, 95% CI 1.60–1.81), toothache on chewing (OR = 1.73, 95% CI 1.65–1.82), and halitosis (OR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.41–1.59) than those with high quality of sleep. Conclusions Our findings indicate that some oral symptoms are related to sleep duration and quality. It is essential to inculcate good sleeping habits in adolescents by emphasizing the effects of inadequate sleep duration and quality.


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