Evolutionary Overview of Central Banking in Nepal: An Account of Law and Practice

There are a number of legal and non-legal research works done in regard to analyzing the powers, functions and roles of Central Banks. However, there is the need of a study on the evolutionary aspects of central banking laws and practices. This study aims to fulfill that purpose by giving an account of the historical and evolutionary development of central banking in Nepal. It highlights both the law and practice parts of the evolution of central banking, and gives an account of the major laws and their enactments.

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Evolutionary Overview of Central Banking in Nepal: An Account of Law and Practice

Management Dynamics ◽

10.3126/md.v22i2.30244 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 107-120

Author(s):

Satya Narayan Kalika

Keyword(s):

Central Banks ◽

Central Banking ◽

Evolutionary Development ◽

Legal Research ◽

The Law ◽

Evolutionary Aspects

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The Law of Monetary Finance under Unconventional Monetary Policy

Oxford Journal of Legal Studies ◽

10.1093/ojls/gqab008 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Will Bateman

Keyword(s):

The United States ◽

Central Banks ◽

Central Banking ◽

Monetary Policies ◽

High Profile ◽

Policy Debates ◽

Money Creation ◽

The Law ◽

Legal Frameworks ◽

The Uk

Abstract Monetary finance (money creation by central banks to fund public expenditure) is a high-profile part of economic, political and policy debates concerning the legitimacy of central banks in liberal economies and democracies. This article makes a distinctively legal contribution to those debates by analysing the legal frameworks governing monetary finance in three prominent central banking systems between 2008 and 2020: the Federal Reserve System, the Eurosystem and the Bank of England. It begins by explaining the law governing central bank and national treasury relations in the United States, the EU and the UK. It then examines how that law operated under the unconventional monetary policies adopted by central banks in response to the financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic. The article concludes by reflecting on the challenges monetary finance presents to the sui generis position of central banks in the liberal constitutional order.

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AKIBAT HUKUM KELALAIAN KREDITUR DALAM MELAKUKAN ROYA ATAS JAMINAN FIDUSIA

JURNAL HUKUM DAS SOLLEN ◽

10.32520/das-sollen.v1i4.328 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Ninik Meiyudianti

Keyword(s):

Legal Research ◽

Object Based ◽

The Law ◽

Credit Agreement

Obligation of creditor in making report for nullification of debt in fiduciary registration office to delete the record of fiduciary object is known as liability omission (Roya). Liability omission can be done when debtor paying off all debts that is possessed to the creditor. When liability omission (roya) is not conducted by the creditor after debtor pay off all the debt, it certainly harms the debtor since he/she as debtor is not able to use the fiduciary object to make new credit agreement with other parties. The present research aims to elaborate and examine further about the obligation of creditor in performing liability omission toward the fiduciary object when the debtor paying off all the debts. Moreover, the present study tries to elaborate further about accountability of creditor regarding negligence in performing liability omission toward fiduciary object that has been paid off. The method used in the present study is a normative legal research, namely legal research which is conducted by examining the library materials or secondary law while in finding and collecting the data is done by two approaches, namely the law and conceptual approaches. The present study shows that deletion record of fiduciary object based on paying off of debts by the debtor shall be performed by the creditor. When creditor neglects in performing this act within fourteen days (14) after the repayment of debt, it can be justified as infringement of law. Moreover, creditor shall responsible to pay all losses that is experienced by the debtor.

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10.31219/osf.io/9dn5q ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Rizal Arya Wibowo

Keyword(s):

Corporate Crime ◽

Field Research ◽

Legal Research ◽

The Law

The company is related to things that occur after the law that is related to corporate crime. The purpose of the discussion of this article is to find out about prison sentences imposed on corporations, detention and settlement of corporate criminal acts. The type of legal research conducted is a type of normative legal research that examines literature sources without conducting field research. The conclusion of this article is that it can be fined, approved and finalized.

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Visit to the Faculty of Law in the University of Jos, Nigeria

Legal Information Management ◽

10.1017/s1472669606001058 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 17-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gerry Power

Keyword(s):

The Internet ◽

Legal Research ◽

Legal Professionals ◽

Law Faculty ◽

The Law ◽

The University

Gerry Power was invited to go to the University of Jos in April 2006 to present workshops to the Law Faculty and other interested legal professionals on using the internet for legal research. He writes about his experiences in dealing with running online workshops whilst coping with electricity shortages and the incredible experience of Nigeria!

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LEGAL PROTECTION FOR ILLEGAL INDONESIAN WORKER IN MALAYSIA

Media of Law and Sharia ◽

10.18196/mls.v1i4.9186 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Asnu Fayakun Arohmi

Keyword(s):

Migrant Workers ◽

Migrant Worker ◽

Legal Protection ◽

Legal Research ◽

State Budget ◽

Indonesian Government ◽

Secondary Sources ◽

The Law

This research examines the legal protection provided for illegal Indonesian workers in Malaysia and the obstacles to perform it. Malaysia are the largest number compared to another country in Asia in receiving migrant workers from Indonesia. In total there are 73.178 migrant workers. A large number of Indonesian migrant workers is caused by the lack of jobs vacancy in the country, so citizens look for a job abroad. The requirements to become Indonesian migrant workers are not easy, therefore many of them went abroad illegally. Illegal Indonesian workers often get inhuman treatment. Indonesian goverment should protect every citizen, even though they are illegal workers, since they are still Indonesian citizen. This paper is based on normative-empirical legal research with the data obtained from interviews, as well as from secondary sources provided in laws governing these matters, journals or from trusted sites of internet. The results of this study show that: first, the Law No. 18 of 2017 on Protection of Migrant Worker does not differentiate the protection for illegal and legal Indonesian migrant workers. Second, there are two obstacles faced by the Indonesian government: lack of data regarding the illegal Indonesian workers and lack of state budget to handle the protection of illegal Indonesian workers.

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Pola Penyelesaian Sengketa Waralaba Produk Teh Poci Di Ponorogo

Invest Journal of Sharia & Economic Law ◽

10.21154/invest.v1i1.2635 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 29-40

Author(s):

Haris Djayadi

Keyword(s):

Dispute Resolution ◽

Code Of Conduct ◽

Legal Research ◽

Existing Problems ◽

Minimum Standards ◽

Complaint Handling ◽

The Law ◽

The Ideal

The purpose of this study is first to find out the pattern of dispute resolution in the franchise practice of Teh Poci, the second is to describe what the ideal pattern should be. In accordance with the characteristics of the existing problems, the most relevant form of approach to analyzing the above problems is empirical legal research. This research sees law as a reality in society, meaning how the law is practiced. The settlement of default on the agreement in the Tea Poci product franchise business in Ponorogo is the cancellation of the contract as a result of default and is settled on the principle of peace, namely by consulting and negotiation techniques. Ideally, under such a mechanism the franchisor should develop an internal procedure for handling complaints. However, this procedure is not stipulated in the franchise agreement and meets certain minimum standards. This standard should provide a procedure for resolving disputes. If a dispute arises, either party can initiate a complaint handling procedure under the Code of Conduct, or under a franchise agreement.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah pertama untuk mengetahui pola penyelesaian sengketa dalam praktek waralaba Teh Poci, kedua untuk mendeskripsikan pola yang ideal yang seharusnya. Sesuai dengan karakteristik permasalahan yang ada, bentuk pendekatan yang paling relevan untuk menganalisis permasalahan di atas adalah penelitian hukum empiris. Penelitian ini melihat hukum sebagai realitas dalam masyarakat, artinya bagaimana hukum itu dipraktikkan. Penyelesaian wanprestasi atas kesepakatan dalam usaha waralaba produk Teh Poci di Ponorogo adalah batalnya akad akibat wanprestasi dan diselesaikan dengan prinsip damai yaitu dengan teknik konsultasi dan negosiasi. Idealnya, di bawah mekanisme seperti itu pemilik waralaba harus mengembangkan prosedur internal untuk menangani keluhan. Namun, prosedur ini tidak diatur dalam perjanjian waralaba dan memenuhi standar minimum tertentu. Standar ini harus menyediakan prosedur untuk menyelesaikan perselisihan. Jika timbul perselisihan, salah satu pihak dapat memulai prosedur penanganan keluhan berdasarkan Kode Etik, atau berdasarkan perjanjian waralaba.

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The Law Enforcement Weakness of Songs and Musics Copyright Crimes

Jambura Law Review ◽

10.33756/jlr.v3i1.7710 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 139-154

Author(s):

Edi Tuahta Putra Saragih ◽

Muhammad Citra Ramadhan ◽

Isnaini Isnaini

Keyword(s):

Law Enforcement ◽

Research Method ◽

Cultural Factor ◽

Legal Research ◽

The Real ◽

The Law ◽

Real Picture

This research aimed to: (a) obtain the forms of copyright infringement of songs and/or music (with or without lyrics); (b) understand the role of the police, in this case the Police Precinct, in the law enforcement; (c) identify the factors that influenced the law enforcement. The research method used the normative-empirical legal research, with the initial stages of specifying norms in order to get the proper picture, and then specifying empirical events in order to get the real picture. The research results showed several matters: 1) The forms of copyright infringement of songs and/or music (with or without lyrics) found included: the distribution of the works or the copies, the performances of the works, and the announcements of the works; 2) Police Precinct did notultimately carry out their role as a law enforcer for the copyright infringement of songs and/or music (with or without lyrics); and 3) The factors that influenced the law enforcement on the copyright infringement of songs and/or music (with or without lyrics), namely: legislation factor, in the matter of complaint offenses; law enforcement factor, in terms of the capacity of members; less supportive factor of facilities and infrastructure; legal awareness factor, in the problem of the lack of legal counseling; and cultural factor, related to the differences in norms in the copyright law between those in society and those in regulations.

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TANGGUNG JAWAB PERBANKAN DALAM KASUS PEMBOBOLAN DANA NASABAH (Studi Pembobolan Deposito milik PT. Elnusa, Tbk)

Jurnal Privat Law ◽

10.20961/privat.v7i2.39340 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 301

Author(s):

Thessa Anial John

Keyword(s):

Consumer Protection ◽

Case Study Approach ◽

Legal Research ◽

Public Funds ◽

The Public ◽

Study Approach ◽

Banking Service ◽

The Law ◽

Research Show

AbstractThis article aims to study the bank’s responsibility towards fraud against customer with a case study of Bank Mega Fraud against PT. Elnusadeposito funds. This research is a normative legal research using constitutional and case study approach. The result of this research show that Bank Mega liquefyPT. Elnusadeposito funds carelessly without PT.Elnusa consent is an act against the law. Bank Mega hasfailed to fulfil it’s responsibility towardsthe customer as regulated Article 37 B paragraph (1) UndangUndang Nomor 10 Tahun 1998 concerning banking service that stipulate every bank must guarantee the public funds deposited in the bank concerned The action of Bank Mega has caused losses both material and immaterial loss so that Bank Mega has to give responsibility and compensation for damage and consumer loss according to Article 19 paragraph (2) Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 regarding consumer protection.Keywords: Responsibility; prudential principles; banks; and customers.AbstrakArtikelini bertujuan mengkaji tanggung jawab perbankan terhadap pembobolan dana nasabah denganstudi kasus terhadap Bank Mega dalam kasus pembobolan dana deposito PT.Elnusa, Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan melakukan pendekatan undang-undang dan pendekatan kasus.Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa tindakan Bank Mega mencairkan dana deposito milik PT.Elnusa secara tidak hati-hati dan tanpa sepengetahuan PT. Elnusa merupakan tindakan yang melanggar hukum. Bank Mega telah tidak memenuhi kewajibannya terhadap nasabah sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 37 B ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 10 Tahun 1998 tentang Perbankan yang menyebutkan bahwa setiap bank wajib menjamin dana masyarakat yang disimpan pada bank yang bersangkutan. Tindakan Bank Mega telah menimbulkan kerugian baik materiil maupun immateriil sehingga Bank Mega selaku pelaku usaha berdasarkan Pasal 19 ayat (2) Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen bertanggung jawab untuk memberikan ganti rugi atas kerusakan, pencemaran, dan/atau kerugian konsumen akibat mengkonsumsi barang dan/atau jasa yang dihasilkan.Kata Kunci: Tanggung jawab; prinsip kehati-hatian; bank; dan nasabah.

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UPAYA HUKUM TERHADAP ORANGTUA YANG TIDAK MELAKSANAKAN KEWAJIBAN ALIMENTASI DALAM PERSPEKTIF PERLINDUNGAN ANAK

Jurnal Privat Law ◽

10.20961/privat.v7i2.39341 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 307

Author(s):

Tyas Sekar Mawarni ◽

Anjar Sri Ciptorukmi Nugraheni

Keyword(s):

Child Protection ◽

Theoretical Studies ◽

Cost Of Living ◽

Legal Research ◽

Conceptual Approach ◽

Family Problems ◽

The Law ◽

The Right ◽

Legal Substances

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to explain the legal efforts that can be done if the parents do not implement the obligation of alimentation in the perspective of child protection. The method used is the method of legal research normatif (legal research), with the approach of the law (statute approach) and conceptual approach (conseptual approach). The legal substances used in this study include primary and secondary legal materials. The results of this study explain the parental remedies that do not carry out alimentation obligations in theoretical studies can be done by litigation or court and non-litigation or out of court. However, for non-litigation settlement in Indonesia is not yet available for family problems. Legal efforts through litigation may include the filing of livelihood rights and the execution of a permanent judge’s decision regarding the right of alimentation (cost of living).Keywords: Legal effort;alimentation obligation; child; and child protection. AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk menjelaskan upaya hukum yang dapat dilakukan apabila orangtua tidak melaksanakan kewajiban alimentasi dalam perspektif perlindungan anak.Metode yang digunakan ialah metode penelitian hukum normatif (legal research), dengan pendekatan undang-undang (statute approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conseptual approach).Bahan hukum yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi bahan hukum primer dan sekunder.Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan mengenai upaya hukum orangtua yang tidak melaksanakan kewajiban alimentasi secara kajian teoritis dapat dilakukan dengan litigasi atau pengadilan dan non-litigasi atau di luar pengadilan.Namun, untuk penyelesaian melalui nonlitigasi di Indonesia belum difasilitasi Negara Mengenai masalah keluarga. Upaya hukum melalui Litigasi dapat berupa pengajuan hak nafkah dan eksekusi putusan hakim yang berkekuatan tetap mengenai hak alimentasi (biaya nafkah).Kata Kunci: Upaya hukum; kewajiban alimentasi;anak;dan perlindungan anak.

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