Isolation of Organism and its Drug Sensitivity Pattern in Patients with Urinary Tract Infection at Kathmandu Model Hospital

Introduction: Lack of compliance and unjustified antibiotic prescriptions has resulted in increasing bacterial resistance and is proving as a major challenge in the management of infections. Knowing the commonly isolated uropathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibility is beneficial in planning treatment protocols.Methods: A retrospective review of records of patients with urinary tract infection from January 2012 to December 2016 was conducted at Kathmandu Model Hospital. All patients who were diagnosed as having culture positive urinary tract infection in medical ward of Kathmandu Model Hospital during 5 years period were analyzed for demographic data, prevalence of organism and antibiotic susceptibility patterns.Results: A total of 315 samples were culture positive. The majority of bugs were gram negative E.coli (48.57%) followed by multi-drug resistant E.coli (28.89%). The other major pathogens were E. faecalis (6.03%), S. epidermidis (4.44%), K. pneumoniae (4.13%), respectively. The highest level of sensitivity in first line antibiotics was seen in nitrofurantoin (84.9%), whereas least sensitivity was shown by amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (21%). Similarly, in second line antibiotics, highest sensitivity was seen in tetracycline (100%), imipenem (91.9%) and least to meropenem (49.2%). Ceftazidime is mostly (93.3%) resistant antibiotics among uropathogens. All the third line antibiotics such as polymyxin B, tigecycline and colistin were 100% sensitive to all our isolates.Conclusions: Nitrofurantoin may be an appropriate choice for initial empirical therapy of urinary tract infection. Similarly, the multi-drug resistant E.coli is increasing but it can be tailored if antibiotics are used appropriately on the basis of susceptibility data.

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Recent Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Escherichia Coli in Urinary Tract Infection

TAJ Journal of Teachers Association ◽

10.3329/taj.v30i1.39125 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 61-65

Author(s):

Md Abdul Bari ◽

Mashiur Arefin ◽

Moriom Nessa ◽

Golam Mostofa ◽

Tafiqul Islam

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Urine Culture ◽

Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽

E Coli ◽

Sensitivity Pattern ◽

Marked Resistance ◽

Culture Positive

The objective of the study is to assess the recent sensitivity pattern of Escherichia coli in Urinary tract infection (UTI). Widespread use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of resistant microorganisms. As the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of the microorganisms are frequently changing, this retrospective analysis was designed to assess the recent antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in urinary tract infection among the human population. Details of 358 urine culture positive reports for E. coli and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern pertaining to the study period of 6 months from Jan 2017 to June 2017 were collected from Microbiology Laboratory of Diagnostic Centers at Rajshahi and the results were statistically analyzed. The antibiotics tested for sensitivity were amikacin, gentamycin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, cotrimoxazole, nitrofurantoin, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone and cefixime. The sensitivity pattern of E.coli to antibiotics in UTI was amikacin (82.68 gentamycin (75.97%), nitrofurantoin (70.67), levofloxacin (44.13%), ceftazidime (42.17%), co-trimoxazole (40.78%), ceftriaxone (38.54%), ciprofloxacin (35.75%), and cefixime (24.02%). The study highlighted the marked resistance of E. coli to quinolones and third generation cephalosporins.TAJ 2017; 30(1): 61-65

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Study on microbiology of urinary tract infection and the status of urinary isolates in pregnant women

Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital ◽

10.3126/mjsbh.v12i2.8793 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Sharmila Parajuli

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽

Culture Method ◽

First Trimester ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Sensitivity Pattern ◽

Culture Positive

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most frequently encountered problems owing to significant number of patients needing hospitalization during pregnancy. The incidence of UTI in pregnant women is reported to be high up to 7-8%. Materials and methods: This is a prospective study conducted in Valley Maternity Hospital during a period of 6 months (Jan 2011 to June 2011). 520 MSU (Mid stream urine samples) from pregnant women clinically suspected of urine infection were evaluated by urine dipstick analysis, microscopic and culture method. The isolates were identified and antibiotic sensitivity pattern was determined by standard protocol. Results: The majority of the patients were in-between the age group of 20-30years- 338cases (65%) and these patients usually presented in the first trimester of pregnancy- 317cases (60.96%).  Out of the 520 clinically suspected UTI cases, 232 (44.61%) was culture positive. Out of the culture positive cases; Escherichia coli (E.coli) was the most common accounting for a total of 144cases (80%). Nitrofurantoin was found to be the most effective drug against the gram negative (Gm-ve) bacteria. Similarly, Ampicillin, Amoxycillin and Cloxacillin were found to be effective agent against gram positive (Gm+ve) bacteria. Conclusion: Screening for bacteriuria is recommended among all pregnant women at the first prenatal visit and in the subsequent trimesters of pregnancy. Prompt treatment of symptomatic UTI and asymptomatic bacteriuria is required in pregnant women to avoid complications like preterm birth, low birth weight and increased perinatal mortality. Key words: UTI, Pregnant women, Antibiotics, Culture method.

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A retrospective study on prevalence, bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of urinary tract infection in children of 2-12 years age in a tertiary care centre, Puducherry, India

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20193588 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 1818

Author(s):

Dharmalingam Angamuthu ◽

Chandru Bhaskar ◽

Nalini Aswathaman

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Age Group ◽

E Coli ◽

Sensitivity Pattern ◽

Female Predominance ◽

Culture Positive ◽

In Infants And Children

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common cause of acute bacterial illness in infants and children(1).Diagnosis is often missed in infants and children as urinary symptoms are minimal and nonspecific. It is becoming increasingly difficult to treat due to increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among organisms.Method: It was done as a retrospective cross sectional study conducted on Children of 2-12 years of age suspected to have UTI from January 2018 to December 2018 in Pediatric Department of AVMCH.Results: Out of 286 children with symptoms suggestive of Urinary tract infection, 22(7.7%) were found to have culture positive UTI with 9.2% prevalence in 2-6 years age group as against 6.4% in 7-12 years of age group. Culture positive UTI was predominantly found in males in 2-6 years age group as against female predominance in 7-12 years age group. E. coli (45.5%) was the commonest organism isolated among them followed by Klebsiella. 90% of organisms were sensitive to Nitrofurantoin and 80% were sensitive to Amikacin(80%).Discussion: Culture positive UTI rate varies with gender and age group. It was predominantly found in males in 2-6 years age group as against female predominance in 7-12 years age group. E. coli and Klebsieella were the most common organisms with predominant sensitivity to Nitrofurantoin and Amikacin similar to other studies. Limitation of this study Retrospective study, small sample size and follow up for complications not done.Conclusion: This study concludes E. coli and Klebsieella were the most common organisms with predominant sensitivity to Nitrofurantoin and Amikacin. Antibiotics need to be selected based on organisms and their sensitivity pattern.

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Microbiology of Urinary Tract Infection and the Status of Urinary Isolates in Pregnant Women

Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital ◽

10.3126/mjsbh.v13i2.13111 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 20-24

Author(s):

Sharmila Parajuli ◽

B Thapa

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽

Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽

First Trimester ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Sensitivity Pattern ◽

Culture Positive

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most frequently encountered problems owing to significant number of patients needing hospitalization during pregnancy. The incidence of UTI in pregnant women is reported to be high up to 7-8%.Methods: This is a prospective study conducted in Valley Maternity Hospital during a period of 6 months (Jan 2011 to June 2011). 520 MSU (Mid stream urine samples) from pregnant women clinically suspected of urine infection were evaluated by urine dipstick analysis, microscopic and culture method. The isolates were identified and antibiotic sensitivity pattern was determined by standard protocol.Results: The majority of the patients were in-between the age group of 20-30years- 338cases (65%) and these patients usually presented in the first trimester of pregnancy- 317cases (60.96%). Out of the 520 clinically suspected UTI cases, 232 (44.61%) was culture positive. Out of the culture positive cases; Escherichia coli (E.coli) was the most common accounting for a total of 144cases (80%). Nitrofurantoin was found to be the most effective drug against the gram negative (Gm-ve) bacteria. Similarly, Ampicillin, Amoxycillin and Cloxacillin were found to be effective agent against gram positive (Gm+ve) bacteria.Conclusions: Screening for bacteriuria is recommended among all pregnant women at the first prenatal visit and in the subsequent trimesters of pregnancy. Prompt treatment of symptomatic UTI and asymptomatic bacteriuria is required in pregnant women to avoid complications like preterm birth, low birth weight and increased perinatal mortality.

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Clinico-Laboratory Profile and Drug Sensitivity Pattern in Urinary Tract Infection of Children in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Bangladesh Journal of Child Health ◽

10.3329/bjch.v43i2.42549 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 74-79

Author(s):

Nibedita Paul ◽

Nadia Nusrat ◽

Md Rafiqul Islam ◽

Farhana Rahman ◽

Neshwa Rahman

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Abdominal Pain ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Drug Sensitivity ◽

Young Infant ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Sensitivity Pattern ◽

One Year ◽

Culture Positive

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common in children. About 7% girls and 2% of boys suffer from symptomatic, culture positive UTI by 6 years of age. These children present with poor feeding, irritability, vomiting, fever, abdominal pain or failure to thrive. Now a days antibiotic resistance is a global problem which hampers appropriate treatment of urinary tract infection in children. This study was done to see clinical profile, common pathogens and their drug sensitivity pattern in UTI. Methodology: It is a prospective study conducted in Delta Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka. All cases collected from outdoor patient or inpatient who were clinically suspected as UTI were enrolled in this study from January 2015 to July 2017. Total 200 cases were included. History was taken properly. Diagnosis of UTI was confirmed by urinalysis and culture sensitivity (C/S). All informations were recorded in preformed data sheet. Results: Usual presentations of UTI were fever, abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation, urinary complaints, poor feeding, labial adhesion, jaundice, excessive straining. Out of 200 cases 168 were culture positive. Group III age group (> 1year- 5 year) showed higher rate of UTI. UP to one year of age males were more affected than female and beyond one-year females were more affected than male. Most common isolated uropathogen was Escherichia coli. Most sensitive drugs for the pathogen were Imipenem and meropenem (89.39%) - Injectable form and nitrofurantoin (73.48 %)- Oral form. Conclusion: Presentation of UTI in case of young infant is different from older children. Clinical suspicion is important for early detection of UTI. Before starting antimicrobial therapy, we must do urinalysis and culture sensitive test to prevent recurrent UTI. Bangladesh J Child Health 2019; VOL 43 (2) :74-79

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The Pattern of Organism Causing Urinary Tract Infection in Diabetic and Non Diabetic Patients in Bangladesh

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Microbiology ◽

10.3329/bjmm.v4i1.8461 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 6-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Md Hamza Saber ◽

Lovely Barai ◽

J Ashraful Haq ◽

Md Shariful Alam Jilani ◽

Jaheda Begum

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Diabetic Patient ◽

Bacterial Resistance ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Beta Lactamase ◽

Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽

Extended Spectrum ◽

Sensitivity Pattern

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common both in the diabetic and non-diabetic patients. The widespread use of antimicrobial agents leads to emergence of resistant microorganisms. Since the pattern of bacterial resistance is constantly changing, the monitoring of the antimicrobial susceptibilities of the predominantly isolated organisms becomes more important. Aim of this study was to determine the etiologic agents and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients with urinary tract infection (UTI). A total of 288 diabetics (196 female and 92 males) and 63 non diabetic patients (43 female and 20 males) with symptomatic UTI were included in this study. Among the study cases, 43.8% diabetic patients and 42.9% non-diabetic patients had positive growth from urine. Rate of isolation of Escherichia coli in diabetic was less (61.8%) compared to non diabetic (77.8%). Rate of other organisms isolated in diabetic and non diabetic patients were respectively: Klebsiella sp 6.9% vs 3.7%, Enterococcus 12.2% vs3.7%, Pseudomonas species 3.8% vs 0%, Candida species 4.6% versus 3.7%, Staphylococcus aureus 4.6% versus 7.4% etc. E coli isolated from diabetic patient was significantly (p<0.05) less sensitive to ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefuroxime, netilmicin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and nitrofurantoin than that of non diabetic patients. In addition, isolation rate of the Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase producing gram negative bacilli was found higher among diabetic population (47.8%) compared to the non-diabetics (9.1%). Key words: Urinary tract infection (UTI), Diabetic and non diabetic patient, Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v4i1.8461 BJMM 2011; 4(1): 6-8

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Culture and Sensitivity Pattern of Urinary Tract Infection in Hospitalized Children in Patan Hospital

Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society ◽

10.3126/jnps.v36i1.14629 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 28-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Puja Amatya ◽

Suchita Joshi ◽

Shrijana Shrestha

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Causative Organism ◽

Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽

Sensitivity Pattern ◽

Culture And Sensitivity ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Culture Positive

Introduction: Urinary tract infection is one of the most common infections in children. Antibiotics are usually given empirically before urine culture reports are available. The primary aim of this study was to see the causative organisms and culture and sensitivity pattern of urinary tract infection in hospitalized children.Material and Methods: All children aged 0-15 years with culture positive urinary tract infections who were admitted to children’s ward from 14th April 2013 to 14th April 2014 were included. The causative organisms for urinary tract infection along with its antibiotic sensitivity pattern were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed.Results: 48 cases of culture positive urinary tract infection were enrolled in this study in a period of 12 months. The most common causative organism was Escherichia coli (67%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (21%), Non-hemolytics streptococcus (4%), Enterobacter (2%), Acinetobacter (2%), Proteus (2%) and Coagulase negative staphylococcus (2%). Most cases of the culture positive urinary tract infection occurred between 2 months to 1 year of age. Out of 48 cases, 90% were sensitive to Amikacin and 85% were resistant to Ofloxacin.Conclusion: Escherichia coli is the most common organism causing urinary tract infection in children. As resistant to first line antibiotic is increasing, antibiotic stewardship programme should be strengthened.J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2016;36(1):28-33

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The Sensitivity Pattern of Bacteria Against Antibiotics in Urinary Tract Infection Patients at RSD DR. Soebandi Jember

Journal of Agromedicine and Medical Sciences ◽

10.19184/ams.v4i3.6786 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 171

Author(s):

Ryan Ravi Is Syahputra ◽

Dini Agustina ◽

Septa Surya Wahyudi

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Bacterial Resistance ◽

Supportive Therapy ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Descriptive Research ◽

Sensitivity Pattern ◽

Bacterial Sensitivity

Urinary tract infection (UTI) was infection by microorganisms in the urinary tract. Treatment of UTI required supportive therapy and adequate antibiotics. Antibiotic resistance was the solution in the treatment of UTI, so it is important to assess the factors of bacterial resistance and strategies to control the incidence of resistance by choosing antibiotics in accordance with the pattern of sensitivity of germs obtained. This study aimed to determine the pattern of bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics in patients with UTI in RSD dr. Soebandi Jember. This research used descriptive research design by taking secondary data that was medical record data of urine culture examination and sensitivity test to antibiotics in UTI patients who have been diagnosed in inpatient and outpatient room RSD dr. Soebandi Jember between the period January 1, 2014 until November 30, 2017. The results of this study obtained 57 samples of urine positive bacteria, which found 18 types of bacteria that caused UTI. Of the 18 types of bacteria, there were 16 Gram negative bacteria and 2 Gram positive bacteria. Five bacteria divided among others E. coli on 24 samples, K. ornithinolytica on 5 samples, K. pneumoniae on 4 samples, B. cepacia on 4 samples, and E. cloacae on 3 samples. The results of bacterial sensitivity to antibiotic pattern showed the highest sensitivity level ie amikacin, fosfomicin, netilmicin, gentamicin, and nitrofurantoin. While the results of patterns of bacterial resistance to antibiotics based on hormonal levels of cephalotin, cephazolin, ampicillin, sulphametoxazole, and trimetoprim. Keywords: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), Bacterial sensitivity, Antibiotics

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Antimicrobial Sensitivity Pattern for Urine Isolates in Urinary Tract Infection

Journal of Islamabad Medical & Dental College ◽

10.35787/jimdc.v8i4.325 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 186-192

Author(s):

Kiran Tauseef Bukhari ◽

Haseeb Tauseef Bukhari ◽

Humaira Zafar ◽

Mudassira Zahid

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Phosphonic Acid ◽

Urine Culture ◽

Polymyxin B ◽

Resistance Pattern ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽

Sensitivity Pattern

Background: The increased frequency and management of antibiotic resistance pattern in urinary tract infection (UTI) is a challenging task for the clinicians. Therefore, the current study was planned to identify the microbial etiology of UTI and the most suitable antibiotics used. The objective of the study was to assess the frequency of antimicrobial sensitivity pattern in patients with urinary tract infection.Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at Al Sayed Hospital, Kidney Centre, Rawalpindi over a period of seven months i.e. June 30, 2018 to January 30, 2019. A total of 152 patients were enrolled according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. Urine culture proceedings were done as per latest recommended guidelines of Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) for UTI.Results: Regarding overall sensitivity of antibiotics for the pathogens of urine culture, highest sensitivity was observed for carbapenems (83.5%), followed by polymyxin B (72.3%), phosphonic acid derivatives (65.8%), aminoglycoside group (65.7%), extended spectrum penicillin (63.1%), imidazolidinedione (59.9%) and tetracycline (59.9%) groups. The least sensitivity was observed for Oxazolidinone (linezolid) (14.5%), teicoplanin (13.8%), tigecycline (10.5%) and first-generation cephalosporins (1.3%).Conclusions: Carbapenems showed maximum sensitivity for all urine isolates. The second and third options were polymyxin B and phosphonic acid derivatives, respectively.

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