scholarly journals Imaging of the Shoulder Bankart Lesion and its Variants

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Kheng Song Leow ◽  
Soo Fin Low ◽  
Wilfred CG Peh
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Mr Arthrography ◽  
Recurrent Dislocation ◽  
Tissue Structure ◽  
Bankart Lesion ◽  
Glenoid Labrum ◽  
Labral Tears ◽  
Chronic Shoulder Instability ◽  
Labral Injury

The glenoid labrum is an important soft tissue structure that provides stability to the shoulder joint. When the labrum is injured, affected patients may present with chronic shoulder instability and future recurrent dislocation. The Bankart lesion is the most common labral injury, and is often accompanied by a Hill-Sachs lesion of the humerus. Various imaging techniques are available for detection of the Bankart lesion and its variants, such as anterior labroligamentous periosteal sleeve avulsion and Perthes lesion. Direct magnetic resonance (MR) arthrography is currently the imaging modality of choice for evaluation of the various types of labral tears. As normal anatomical variants of glenoid labrum are not uncommonly encountered, familiarity with appearances of this potential pitfall helps avoid misdiagnosis.

scholarly journals Sonoarthrographic examination of posterior labrocapsular structures of the shoulder joint

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (1106) ◽  
pp. 20190886
Author(s):  
Hayri Ogul ◽  
Nurmuhammet Tas ◽  
Mutlu Ay ◽  
Mehmet Kose ◽  
Mecit Kantarci
Keyword(s):  
Shoulder Joint ◽  
Glenohumeral Joint ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Mr Arthrography ◽  
Labral Tear ◽  
Labral Tears ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Arthroscopic Examination ◽  
Synovial Folds ◽  
Direct Mr Arthrography

Objective: To describe the posterior labral lesions and labrocapsular abnormalities of the shoulder on sonoarthrography and to compare these findings with MR arthrography results. Methods: 82 shoulders were initially evaluated with ultrasonography and MRI and then were examined with sonoarthrography and MR arthrography following intraarticular injection of diluted gadolinium solution. The ultrasonography images were prospectively evaluated for the presence of posterior labral tear, sublabral cleft, and posterior capsular abnormalities by two radiologists. The diagnostic accuracy of sonoarthrography in the detection of posterior labral tears and posterior labrocapsular variants was compared with that of MR arthrography. Results: In sonoarthrographic examinations of 82 shoulders, 5 and 6 posterior labral tears were identified by Observer 1 and 2, respectively. Moreover, 6 and 7 posterior sublabral clefts, and 2 and 3 posterior synovial folds were identified by Observer 1 and 2, respectively. All the 82 patients were examined with MR arthrography; however, only 14 patients underwent arthroscopic examination. No significant difference was found among the 82 patients with regard to age, gender, and the prevalence of posterior labral tear, posterior labral cleft, and posterior synovial fold (p > 0.05). Interobserver variability showed substantial agreement between the sonoarthrographic and MR arthrographic results of the posterior labrocapsular structures (κ = 0.71, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Posterior labral tears and posterior synovial folds of the shoulder joint can be evaluated non-invasively by sonoarthrography. Advances in knowledge: Variations and pathologies of posterior labrocapsular structures of the glenohumeral joint are relatively uncommon. Direct (MR) arthrography is the gold-standard imaging modality to evaluate of posterior labrocapsular abnormalities of the glenohumeral joint. Sonoarthrography of the glenohumeral joint may be utilized in clinical practice in patients with contraindications to (MRI).

MR arthrographic evaluation of posterior paraglenoid labral cysts: a retrospective study

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 789-795
Author(s):  
Fadime Guven ◽  
Hayri Ogul ◽  
Serhat Kaya ◽  
Mecit Kantarci
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Mr Arthrography ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Left Shoulder ◽  
Denervation Atrophy ◽  
Slap Lesions ◽  
Labral Tears ◽  
Infraspinatus Muscle ◽  
The Right

Background Paraglenoid labral cysts (PLCs) around the shoulder are uncommon. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the primary imaging modality for the description of PLCs Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate PLCs in the posterior part of the glenoid bone via MR arthrography as well as to describe associated labral abnormalities. Material and Methods This retrospective study included 14 patients, diagnosed with 15 posterior PLCs at MR arthrography between 2007 and 2012. Conventional MRI and MR arthrography were used for all patients. Results A total of 15 PLCs were detected in 14 patients with eight located on the right shoulder and six on the left shoulder. One case had two PLCs. While two cysts were multiloculated, the remaining 13 were seen as unilocated simple cysts. Moreover, 14 of 15 posterior PLCs (60%) were associated with labral tears at MR arthrography. The cysts in proximity to the glenoid labrum were posterosuperior in 33.3% (n = 5), mid-posterior in 36.7% (n = 7), and postero-inferior in 20% (n = 3). The majority of patients with posterosuperior and mid-posterior cysts had an associated superior labral tear from anterior to posterior (SLAP) lesions. Four of six patients with mid-posterior cysts had minimal denervation atrophy in the infraspinatus muscle. Conclusion Posterior PLCs are mostly associated with posterior labral defects. The majority of cysts localized in the posterosuperior and mid-posterior were also associated with SLAP lesions. Denervation atrophy in the infraspinatus muscle may frequently accompany mid-posterior PLCs.

scholarly journals Applying Machine Learning Methods Toward Classification Based on Small Datasets: Application to Shoulder Labral Tears

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel R. Clymer ◽  
Jason Long ◽  
Carmen Latona ◽  
Sam Akhavan ◽  
Philip LeDuc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Mr Arthrography ◽  
Mathematical Optimization ◽  
Pattern Search ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Labral Tears ◽  
Number Of Patients

Abstract Machine learning is a powerful tool that can be applied to pattern search and mathematical optimization for making predictions on new data with unknown labels. In the field of medical imaging, one challenge with applying machine learning techniques is the limited size and relative expense of obtaining labeled data. For example, in glenoid labral tears, current imaging diagnosis is best achieved by imaging through magnetic resonance (MR) arthrography, a method of injecting contrast-enhancing material into the joint that can potentially cause discomfort to the patient, and adds expense compared to a standard magnetic resonance image (MRI). This work proposes limiting the use of MR arthrography through a medical diagnostic approach, based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and transfer learning from a separate medical imaging dataset to improve the efficiency and effectiveness. The results indicate an effective method applied to a small dataset of unenhanced shoulder MRI in order to diagnose labral tear severity while potentially significantly reducing cost and reducing unnecessary invasive imaging techniques. The proposed method ultimately can reduce physician workload while ensuring that the least number of patients as possible need to be subjected to an additional invasive contrast-enhanced imaging procedure.

scholarly journals Magnetic Resonance Arthrography, a valuable pre-operative imaging modality in femoro-acetabular impingement

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nevien Ezzat El-Liethy ◽  
Rania Zeitoun ◽  
Heba Ahmed Kamal ◽  
Ahmed Hazem Abd El-Azeem
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Mr Arthrography ◽  
Alpha Angle ◽  
Preoperative Assessment ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Labral Tears ◽  
Mixed Mean ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Mixed Types

Abstract Background The diagnostic accuracy of MR arthrography in preoperative assessment of labral tears and chondral abnormalities in femoroacetabular impingement patients. A non-randomized control study including 31 FAI patients (17 male and 14 females, mean age 31.9 years). All patients underwent MR arthrography after US-guided intra-articular contrast injection. Conventional and MR arthrography images were evaluated for bone abnormalities (including alpha angle and acetabular depth measurements), labral tears, and chondral abnormalities. The results were correlated to arthroscopy as the gold standard. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV in the detection of labral tears and chondral abnormalities were statistically calculated. Results The included FAI patients presented cam (mean age 30.4 years ± 6.8 years), pincer (mean age 33.6 years ± 9.8 years), and mixed (mean age 36.6 years ± 12.9 years) types with the predominance of cam type. Cam type predominated in the male, while pincer and mixed types predominated in female patients. MR arthrography detected 41 labral tears in 23 patients with 87.5%, 71.4%, 91.3%, and 62.5% sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV, respectively, and detected chondral abnormalities in 13 patients with 66.7%, 92.3%, 92.3%, and 66.7% sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV, respectively. Conclusion MR arthrography is a valuable imaging modality in preoperative assessment of FAI patients. Besides identifying the type of impingement through alpha angle and acetabular depth measurements, it detects labral tears with high sensitivity and PPV. Although less sensitive in detection of chondral abnormalities, our results showed high specificity.

scholarly journals Advanced Imaging Techniques for Radiotherapy Planning of Gliomas

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1063
Author(s):  
Antonella Castellano ◽  
Michele Bailo ◽  
Francesco Cicone ◽  
Luciano Carideo ◽  
Natale Quartuccio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Target Volume ◽  
Radiotherapy Planning ◽  
Tumor Control ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Volume Delineation ◽  
Hemodynamic Information

The accuracy of target delineation in radiation treatment (RT) planning of cerebral gliomas is crucial to achieve high tumor control, while minimizing treatment-related toxicity. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including contrast-enhanced T1-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences, represents the current standard imaging modality for target volume delineation of gliomas. However, conventional sequences have limited capability to discriminate treatment-related changes from viable tumors, owing to the low specificity of increased blood-brain barrier permeability and peritumoral edema. Advanced physiology-based MRI techniques, such as MR spectroscopy, diffusion MRI and perfusion MRI, have been developed for the biological characterization of gliomas and may circumvent these limitations, providing additional metabolic, structural, and hemodynamic information for treatment planning and monitoring. Radionuclide imaging techniques, such as positron emission tomography (PET) with amino acid radiopharmaceuticals, are also increasingly used in the workup of primary brain tumors, and their integration in RT planning is being evaluated in specialized centers. This review focuses on the basic principles and clinical results of advanced MRI and PET imaging techniques that have promise as a complement to RT planning of gliomas.

scholarly journals In Vivo Imaging of Biodegradable Implants and Related Tissue Biomarkers

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2348
Author(s):  
Leon Riehakainen ◽  
Chiara Cavallini ◽  
Paolo Armanetti ◽  
Daniele Panetta ◽  
Davide Caramella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Tissue Remodelling ◽  
Biodegradable Implant ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Longitudinal Imaging

Non-invasive longitudinal imaging of osseointegration of bone implants is essential to ensure a comprehensive, physical and biochemical understanding of the processes related to a successful implant integration and its long-term clinical outcome. This study critically reviews the present imaging techniques that may play a role to assess the initial stability, bone quality and quantity, associated tissue remodelling dependent on implanted material, implantation site (surrounding tissues and placement depth), and biomarkers that may be targeted. An updated list of biodegradable implant materials that have been reported in the literature, from metal, polymer and ceramic categories, is provided with reference to the use of specific imaging modalities (computed tomography, positron emission tomography, ultrasound, photoacoustic and magnetic resonance imaging) suitable for longitudinal and non-invasive imaging in humans. The advantages and disadvantages of the single imaging modality are discussed with a special focus on preclinical imaging for biodegradable implant research. Indeed, the investigation of a new implant commonly requires histological examination, which is invasive and does not allow longitudinal studies, thus requiring a large number of animals for preclinical testing. For this reason, an update of the multimodal and multi-parametric imaging capabilities will be here presented with a specific focus on modern biomaterial research.

Sublabral clefts and recesses in the anterior, inferior, and posterior glenoid labrum at MR arthrography

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Tuite ◽  
Jonathan W. Currie ◽  
John F. Orwin ◽  
Geoffrey S. Baer ◽  
Alejandro Munoz del Rio
Keyword(s):  
Mr Arthrography ◽  
Glenoid Labrum

scholarly journals Accuracy of internet images of glenoid labral injuries

2013 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 418-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Freeman ◽  
F Ashouri ◽  
J Papanikitas ◽  
D Ricketts
Keyword(s):  
Health Information ◽  
Search Engines ◽  
Shoulder Dislocation ◽  
Medical Images ◽  
Interobserver Reliability ◽  
Bankart Lesion ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Glenoid Labrum ◽  
Written Information ◽  
Internet Images

Introduction The internet is a convenient source of health information used widely by patients and doctors. Previous studies have found that the written information provided was often inaccurate. There is no literature regarding the accuracy of medical images on the internet. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of internet images of injuries to the glenoid labrum following shoulder dislocation. Methods The Google and Bing search engines were used to find images of Bankart, Perthes and anterior labroligamentous periosteal sleeve avulsion (ALPSA) lesions. Three independent reviewers assessed the accuracy of image labelling. Results Of images labelled ‘Bankart lesion’, 30% (9/30) were incorrect while ‘Perthes lesion’ images were incorrect in 15% of cases (9/60) and 4% of ‘ALPSA lesion’ images were incorrect (2/46). There was good interobserver reliability (kappa = 0.81). Labelling accuracy was better on educational sites than on commercial sites (6% vs 25% inaccurate, p=0.0013). Conclusions Caution is recommended when interpreting non-peer reviewed images on the internet.

scholarly journals Tracking Transplanted Stem Cells Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging and the Nanoparticle Labeling Method in Urology

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Heon Kim ◽  
Hong J. Lee ◽  
Yun Seob Song
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Resonance Imaging

A reliablein vivoimaging method to localize transplanted cells and monitor their viability would enable a systematic investigation of cell therapy. Most stem cell transplantation studies have used immunohistological staining, which does not provide information about the migration of transplanted cellsin vivoin the same host. Molecular imaging visualizes targeted cells in a living host, which enables determining the biological processes occurring in transplanted stem cells. Molecular imaging with labeled nanoparticles provides the opportunity to monitor transplanted cells noninvasively without sacrifice and to repeatedly evaluate them. Among several molecular imaging techniques, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides high resolution and sensitivity of transplanted cells. MRI is a powerful noninvasive imaging modality with excellent image resolution for studying cellular dynamics. Several types of nanoparticles including superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and magnetic nanoparticles have been used to magnetically label stem cells and monitor viability by MRI in the urologic field. This review focuses on the current role and limitations of MRI with labeled nanoparticles for tracking transplanted stem cells in urology.

scholarly journals Interferometric synthetic aperture microscopy: tissue structure inferred by computed imaging techniques

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Marks ◽  
Tyler S. Ralston ◽  
Brynmor J. Davis ◽  
P. Scott Carney ◽  
Stephen A. Boppart
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Tissue Structure ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Synthetic Aperture Microscopy
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