scholarly journals Introduction of Sahar (Tor putitora) in Cage-Cum-Pond Integration System of Mixed-Sex Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Our Nature ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
RK Yadav ◽  
MK Shrestha ◽  
NP Pandit
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Animal Science ◽  
Integration System ◽  
Fish Yield ◽  
Pond System ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Introduction of sahar in cage-cum-pond integration system of mixed-sex Nile tilapia was evaluated using 15 outdoor cemented ponds of 24 m2 (4.9m × 4.9m) size with 1.25 m water depth placing a cage of 1.2m× 1m × 1m size holding 1 m3 water at the center of each pond at Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS), Rampur, Chitwan, for 158 days. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments replicated thrice. The treatments were: large sized Nile tilapia in cage and small sized Nile tilapia in pond (cage-cum-pond system) (T1); cage-cum-pond system with 2 sahar (T2), cage-cum-pond system with 4 sahar (T3), cage-cum-pond system with 8 sahar (T4) and cage-cum-pond system with 16 sahar (T5). Stocking density of caged and pond tilapia was 1 fish/m2 and 2 fish/m2, and size was 78-90 g and 15-16 g respectively. The feed, containing 20% crude protein, was supplied for caged tilapia at the rate of 2% body weight daily. Mean stocking size, harvest size, survival rate, daily weight gain and net fish yield of both caged and pond Nile tilapia were not significantly different among treatments (p > 0.05). Mean harvest weight and daily weight gain of sahar in treatment 2 was significantly higher than other treatments (p < 0.05). NFY of caged tilapia, pond tilapia and combined fish yield were not significantly different among treatments (p > 0.05). Higher numbers of recruits were observed in control and lowest in the treatment 5 suggesting that higher number of sahar in this system effectively controls the tilapia recruits. This experiment showed that addition of sahar in the cage-cum-pond integration system of Nile tilapia effectively controls the number of tilapia recruits and increase NFY.Key words: cage-cum-pond integration, Nile tilapia, Sahardoi:10.3126/on.v5i1.798Our Nature (2007)5:52-59

scholarly journals Effect of stocking density on performance, carcass yield, productivity, and bone development in broiler chickens Cobb 500®

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2705
Author(s):  
Cleoneide Dos Santos Henrique ◽  
Andréia Fróes Galuci Oliveira ◽  
Thales Silva Ferreira ◽  
Eduardo Santos Silva ◽  
Bruna Finotti Fonseca Reis de Mello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Total Phase ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

This study aimed to assess the effect of stocking density of 10, 12, 14, and 16 birds m?2 on performance, carcass and cut yields, productivity, and bone development of broiler chickens Cobb 500®. The experimental design was completely randomized design with four treatments (stocking densities) and four replications. The assessments were performed weekly at 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days. The best live weight result was found at a density of 10 birds m?2 in the period from 1 to 7 days. No effect of density was observed on feed intake and weight gain. From 1 to 14 days, the best live weights were found at densities of 10, 12, and 14 birds m?2, in addition to a higher feed intake at densities of 10 and 12 birds m?2. Weight gain was better at a density of 10 birds m?2, showing no differences from densities of 12 and 14 birds m?2. In the period from 1 to 21 days, live weight and weight gain were higher at densities of 10, 12, and 14 birds m?2. The highest feed intake was observed at a density of 10 birds m?2, which showed no difference from the density of 14 birds m?2. A difference (P < 0.05) was observed for live weight, weight gain, and feed intake of animals reared at densities of 10, 12, and 14 birds m?2 for the phases from 1 to 35 days and the total phase from 1 to 42 days of bird age when compared to 16 birds m?2, which presented lower performance. However, feed conversion of 1-7, 1-14, 1-21, 1-35, and 1-42 days and carcass and cut characteristics showed no significant differences for all treatments. On the other hand, productivity was higher in the treatments with 14 and 16 birds m?2, but without difference between each other. No interaction (P > 0.05) was observed between stocking density and age for the assessed bone parameters. Similarly, no difference (P > 0.05) was observed for bone development of broiler chickens reared at different stocking densities for the studied parameters. Thus, the increased density of 10 or 12 birds m?2 to 14 birds m?2 has no influence on zootechnical performance, carcass and cut yields, and bone development, but increases broiler chicken productivity reared in a conventional shed without air conditioning.

scholarly journals Alternative dietary protein source for nile Tilapia: Giant African Snail (Achatina fulica, Ferussac, 1821)

Our Nature ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Archana Prasad ◽  
Karishma Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Achatina Fulica ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Uniform Size ◽  
Fish Yield

The present study was conducted for two months between November 2019 and December 2019 to investigate the growth performance of Nile Tilapia fed with diets containing soyabean 100% (T1), soyabean and Achatina fulica: 50/50% (T2) and A. fulica 100% (T3). The experimental diets were formulated with 45% crude protein content. The stocking density was 30 fingerlings per tank of size 1m*1m*0.8m with three replications for each treatment. The tanks were stocked with the fingerlings of uniform size 9 ± 677 cm and weight 24 ± 0.66g. The experimental fishes were fed twice a day at 5% of their body weight. No significant differences (p˃0.05) in average weight gain, apparent feed conversion ratio (AFCR), daily weight gain, gross fish yield and net fish yield were observed. The study revealed that Giant African Snail (GAS) can be used either as partial or total replacement for soyabean as protein source for the fish. The use of harmful pest A. fulica in fish feed shows bright prospect in reducing the feeding expenses together with its suitable management.

scholarly journals BIOECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF A FEEDLOT BULL WITH DIFFERENT GENETIC GROUPS

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
Janaína Teles Da Silva Maia ◽  
Thaís Lopes Gonçalves ◽  
Guilherme De David ◽  
Felipe Nogueira Domingues ◽  
Ricardo Pedroso Oaigen
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Genetic Group ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Financial Indicators ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Livestock Systems

Livestock systems require a thorough analysis of zootechnical and financial indicators. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the bioeconomic performance of feedlot bulls with different genetic groups in 2012 and 2013. The experiment was carried out on a farm in Paragominas, State of Pará. The confined animals belonged to the Nellore (NE), ½ Angus ½ Nellore (AN) and ½ Charolais ½ Nellore (CH) breeds. The indicators analyzed were the cost of production and economic indicators. Additionally, zootechnical indicators were evaluated, being considered NE, AN, and CH as treatments in a completely randomized design. The financial results of the total production cost were R$ 118,493.21 in 2012, and R$ 111,166.35 in 2013, and the profitability obtained was 11% in 2012 and 8% in 2013. Regarding the zootechnical indicators, the CH genetic group showed superiority (P 0.01) compared to the NE genetic group for the variables initial weight (IW), final weight (FW), weight gain (WG), average daily weight gain (DWG), and carcass yield (CY). The confinement proved to be economically viable, with positive margins and satisfactory profitability, and the CH genetic group had the best indicators and the highest increase in the final revenue of the activity.

scholarly journals The effect of fairy shrimp “branchoneta” (Dendrocephalus brasiliensis) as the initial diet of tambaqui postlarvae

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e53196
Author(s):  
Aline da Cruz Daltro ◽  
Carla Fernandes Macedo ◽  
Moacyr Serafim-Junior ◽  
Luan Lucas Leal Brandão ◽  
Nathália Byrro Gauthier
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rates ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Fairy Shrimp ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Commercial Feed ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The effect of fairy shrimp “branchoneta” as the first exogenous feed for tambaqui postlarvae was evaluated. A hundred and eighty larvae were distributed in 12 aquariums, containing 1.5L of water and the stocking density was 10 larvae per liter. The trials lasted for 20 days and postlarvae were submitted to three diets (T1: Commercial feed, T2: branchoneta, and T3: Commercial feed with branchoneta), with a completely randomized design with four replicates for each treatment. During the trials, the water quality parameters were kept within ideal conditions for the species. The tambaqui postlarvae submitted to T2 and T3 showed better survival rates respectively.  Regarding the postlarval development, larvae fed with only branchoneta had a better final weight (3.48 mg), daily weight gain (0.14 mg day-1), and the best specific growth rate (8.62%). The results also showed that the tambaqui postlarvae fed with only commercial feed developed less efficiently due to lower rates of survival and growth. The present study indicates that the branchoneta promoted greater development and survival rates of the tambaqui postlarvae and therefore, it presents good potential as a live food for the species.

scholarly journals Dehydrated cashew apple meal in the feeding of growing rabbits

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 757
Author(s):  
Thalles Ribeiro Gomes ◽  
Ednardo Rodrigues Freitas ◽  
Pedro Henrique Watanabe ◽  
Maria Elizimar Felizardo Guerreiro ◽  
Amanda Da Rocha Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Cashew Apple ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Two trials were conducted aiming to determine the chemical composition, the digestibility of nutrients and energy from dehydrated cashew apple meal, as well as to evaluate the effects generated by including increasing levels (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50%) of this ingredient in growing rabbit feed, on performance, carcass characteristics and economic evaluation. In the digestibility trial, were used 24 rabbits with 55 days of age, distributed in a completely randomized design with two treatments and twelve repetitions, being one reference feed and the other test feed, composed by 70% of the reference feed and 30% DCAM. The coefficients of the dry matter digestibility, crude protein and gross energy of the DCAM were, respectively, 67.79; 30.03 and 48.61%. The digestible dry matter, digestible protein and digestible energy, based on dry matter, were, respectively, 59.55%; 4.76% and 2,119.66 kcal/kg. In the second trial, 120 mixed breed rabbits were used, with an average of 45 days of age and weight 1143 ± 153g. The animals were distributed in a completely randomized design, with six treatments and ten repetitions with two rabbits of the same sex per cage. It was observed that the inclusion of DCAM did not affect (P > 0.05) the feed intake, but reduced (P < 0.05) the feed conversion efficiency, as well as a linear reduction in carcass yield. A quadratic effect on daily weight gain and the ratio meat/bone was observed, with better inclusion level estimated at 25.31 and 24.65%, respectively. The inclusion of DCAM linearly improved economic viability to the level of 50%, however not to harm the weight gain and the ratio meat/bone, it is recommended to include up to 25%.

scholarly journals The effect of forage to concentrate ratios on the performance of weaner rabbits

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-96
Author(s):  
A. H. Akinmutimi ◽  
S. F. Abasiekong, ◽  
U. S. Ekwu
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Specific Pattern ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Total Weight Gain ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The effect of forage to concentrate ratios on the performance of weaner rabbits was investigated using twenty (20) weaner rabbits. They were randomly assigned to five treatment diets/with two replicates of two (2) rabbits per pen in a completely randomized design CRD). The experiment lasted for 56 days. Ti = forage 80%: concentrate 20%, T2 = forage 60%. concentrate 40%, T3 = forage 40%: concentrate 60%, T4 = forage 20%: concentrate 80% and T5 = forage 50%: concentrate 50% served as the control. Data were collected for feed intake, weight gain, carcass quality and the economics of the diet. The growth performance result was significantly different (p<0.05) for all the parameters considered except for total feed intake. Treatment 3 (T3) had the highest value for final weight (1423.0 g), total weight gain (925.5g) and daily weight gain (16.52 g), with the least feed conversion ratio of (2.58) among others. The cut parts results showed that there was significant difference (p<0.05) for all the parameters considered. 73 also had the highest value for the prime parts. The organ weights results did not follow any specific pattern that could be attributed to the effect of the test ingredients. The economics /gross margin showed that T3 was favoured among others A 731.38, N929.18, N1045.78, N828.81, N825.39),T3 (forage40%: concentrate 60%) was therefore recommended.  

scholarly journals Effect of the inclusion of different sources of carbohydrate in the fattening ration based on Leucaena leaves on the intake, digestibility, and weight gain of Culled Bali Cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 888 (1) ◽  
pp. 012059
Author(s):  
G E M Malelak ◽  
I G N Jelantik ◽  
I Benu
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract An experiment with the objective of improving the utilization of leucaena leaves by culled Bali cows by the inclusion of different sources of carbohydrate was conducted following a completely randomized design using 16 thin cull Bali cows. Four diets were allotted to each animal at any period including La: the animal was offered a diet consisting of 80% dried leucaena leaves and 20% rice straw as a control, LaLb: added with pumpkin, LaJg: added with cornmeal, and LaLbJg: added with pumpkin and cornmeal. All supplemented diets were set to have similar energy and protein level. Variables measured included intake and digestibility of nutrients, rumen environments, and daily weight gain. Results showed that the inclusion of pumpkin and especially cornmeal significantly increased (P<0,05) dry matter and nutrient intake. DM and nutrient digestibility did not differ among treatments except for crude fiber. Rumen concentration of volatile fatty acids was significantly increased but rumen ammonia concentration was reduced with the addition of carbohydrate. Daily weight gain was significantly (P<0,05) improved and the inclusion of cornmeal produced the highest daily weight gain. It can be concluded that the intake and the utilization of leucaena leaves for weight gain by culled Bali cows was improved by the inclusion of carbohydrates with cornmeal exert a better effect over pumpkin.

scholarly journals LICURI BAGASSE (SYAGRUS CORONATA) IN RATIONS FOR BROILERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-265
Author(s):  
Fúlvio Viegas Santos Teixeira de Melo ◽  
Manoel Adriano Da Cruz Neto ◽  
Damião Bonfim Mendes ◽  
Jose Fernando Bibiano Melo
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Total Weight Gain ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The evaluation of the use of licuri bran for broilers in the initial (1-21 days), growth (22-35 days) and finishing (36-42 days) phases. Three hundred birds with a day age were submitted to four treatments with diets based on corn and soybean containing levels of inclusion of the licuri bagasse (4, 8, 12 and 16%) and a reference diet without the inclusion of the bagasse. Daily weight gain (DWG), total weight gain (TWG), daily feed intake (DFI) and feed conversion (FC) were evaluated. A completely randomized design was used. Five treatments and six replicates, with a density of 10 birds / m2 per experimental unit. Regression analysis was performed. The inclusion of increasing licuri bagasse levels interfered positively in the of birds’ performance, providing better rates for the levels with 8; 12 and 16% inclusion of the bran, within the studied variables.

scholarly journals Study Of The Effect Of Different Ratios of Forage To Concentrate On Performance And Carcass Traits Of Zel Fattening Lambs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mohsen Mousavi Kashani ◽  
Shahabodin Gharahveysi ◽  
Kaveh Jafari Khorshidi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Linear Change ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Experimental Treatments

Abstract Fattening refers to the proper management and feeding of livestock to achieve maximum weight gain at a minimum cost over a specified period of time. This study aimed to determine the most effective ratio of forage to concentrate on feed intake, performance, and carcasses of male Zel fattening lambs. The present study was performed using 20 lambs of 16-week-old for 90 days in a completely randomized design with four treatments and five replications at the Islamic Azad University of Qaemshahr. Experimental treatments included different ratios of forage to concentrate (80:20, 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50). Traits were measured during the fattening period. The collected data were analyzed by LSmeans procedure and regression in SAS software. Effect of different ratios of forage to concentrate was significant on all performance traits (p < 0.01), slaughter weight (p < 0.05), weight gain during rearing (p < 0.05), daily weight gain (p < 0.05), feed intake (p < 0.01), feed conversion ratio (p < 0.01), the weight of digestive system contents (p < 0.05), hot and cold carcass weight (p < 0.05), carcass percentage (p < 0.05) and thickness Backfat (p < 0.05). The linear change in the mentioned traits is due to the increase of the concentrate to forage ratio (p < 0.01). As the percentage of concentrate in the ration increases, feed intake increases. The concentrate is palatable and contains more energy and nutrients than forage. Therefore, lambs that consumed more concentrate had higher body weight and slaughter weight. Based on the results for optimal performance in fattening lambs, a ration with the ratio of forage to concentrate equal (50:50) is recommended.

scholarly journals Growth of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fed diets with different levels of proteins of yeast

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 721-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandir Medri ◽  
Waldir Medri ◽  
Mauro Caetano Filho
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
Yeast Protein ◽  
Quadratic Effect ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Different Levels

This experiment was based on observations of 72 juveniles of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), sexually reverted with an initial mean weight of 37.27 ± 4.92g, distributed in 12 cages of 100 l to evaluate the effects of the yeast inclusion as proteins source in the diet. The fishes were distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments (0; 20; 40; and 60%) of yeast protein in substitution to the protein of traditional sources with three repetitions. Effects of the treatments were not observed (p > 0.05) on the survival and to food conversion. It was observed a quadratic effect on weight gain (Y = 73.39 + 0.173X - 0.0034X²; R²= 0.9986). It was concluded the best level of yeast inclusion as source proteins in the diet for reversed Nile tilapia juvenile was 25.44%.

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