scholarly journals Performance of Multiple Borrowing Clients in Gandaki Province of Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 18-31
Author(s):  
Bharat Ram Dhungana ◽  
Ramkrishna Chapagain
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Regulatory Authority ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
Consumption Expenditure ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Inferential Statistics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Micro Enterprises

The multiple borrowing problems are more common in microfinance institutions in Nepal. The study aims to evaluate the performance of multiple borrowing clients in Gandaki province of Nepal with reference to Muktinath Bikas Bank Limited (MBBL). The performance of multiple borrowing clients, in terms of women empowerment, consumption expenditure, capital expenditure, micro-enterprises creation, saving, investment, and profit, has been examined with the help of descriptive and inferential statistics. The study has been confined to five districts of Gandaki province and the data have been collected from MBBL clients who are involved in microfinance intervention at least from the last five or more years. The performance of most of the observed clients was empowered by microfinance activities but no significant difference in terms of changes in the livelihood parameters. Although microfinance programmes empower clients, the results of the investment, saving, micro-enterprises creation, capital and consumption expenditure, and income generation of clients are not convincing. The regulatory authority should identify the problems of multiple borrowing whether the financing from microfinance institutions is just for their profit or for productive application of loan. The socio-economic performance of clients is connected with the effective monitoring of clients made by microfinance institutions whether the loan has been properly utilized or not.

Role of Income Generation Programme in Women Empowerment

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalakha Rao ◽  
Shivani Kushwaha
Keyword(s):  
Skill Training ◽  
Safe Motherhood ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
Related Field ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
Support Programme ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The connection between poverty and women's lack of power over resources and decision-making has now caught the attention of policymakers in government and mainstream development all over the world. Women empowerment issues perceived nationally or locally are being addressed by both state and non-state agencies. Beside the government intervention, NGOs are implementing various types of Women Empowerment Programmes including IG Programmes. Women Empowerment Programmes in India include livelihood support Programme, rehabilitation and job placement for rescued women, safe motherhood Programme and so forth. In spite of involvement of various NGOs in women empowerment through Income Generation and Skill Development Programmes, the status of women is still not satisfactory in India as various official as well as unofficial reports claim and the outcomes against the stated objectives of the NGOs' Women Empowerment Programmes are often questioned. Therefore, the present study is focused in assessing the impact of IG Programmes run by non-government organizations in empowering women. The researcher hypothesizes that IG Programme with its components viz., skill training, resource inputs of loan and equipment help to increase income to the women through independent business or work in the related field; the increased income lessens their dependence on family heads and enables to spend for personal expenses; gives them certain freedoms as individuals; enables them to contribute to family affairs financially, which creates an environment in the family in favor or the women to accept her views and participation in family matters like education, marriage, purchase etc.

scholarly journals Productive and economic performance of goats of different genetic groups

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Barros Oliveira ◽  
Wandrick Hauss Sousa ◽  
Flávio Gomes Oliveira ◽  
Felipe Queiroga Cartaxo ◽  
Edgard Cavalcante Pimenta Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Profit Margin ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Intake Water

SUMMARY This study aimed to evaluate the bio-economic performance in confinement crossbred goats from different genetic groups. Were used 30 goats, crossbred (F1) intact male, 10 goats Boer x SPRD (undefined breed), 10 x Savannah SPRD and 10 Oberhasli x SPRD, with an average weight of 15 kg and an average age of 100 days. The initial weight was evaluated, final body weight, average daily gain, total weight gain, dry matter intake, water intake, feed conversion and days on feed. As an economic indicator was calculated gross profit margin (MB), the average dry matter intake, the confinement period, the cost of each diet and the cost of vaccines and medicines. We used the 5% Tukey test for comparisons between treatment means. For the variables weight gain, dry matter intake, water intake and body condition score averages observed did not differ between the genetic groups. There was significant effect (P> 0.05) of genetic groups on days on feed. The biological performance of the goats finished in feedlot was not influenced by genetic group. In bioeconomic analysis was no significant difference (P> 0.05) between the evaluated racial groups. Gross profit margin was negative for the mestizos Pardo Alpine x SPRD. The cross between the Boer breed and without defined breed results in premature animals, reaching slaughter weights with reduced confinement period. In the feedlot finishing system crossbred Boer goats x SPRD showed better economic performance, providing greater profitability to the creator.

Technical efficiency of Microfinance Institutions (MFIs)

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bereket Zerai Gebremichael ◽  
Hailemichael Tesfay Gessesse
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Credit Unions ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Ownership Type ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Efficiency Performance

Purpose The paper aims to evaluate the technical efficiency of African Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) and examine if there is performance difference by ownership type. Design/methodology/approach The paper applies stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) assuming that the translog production functions to estimate the technical efficiency of 134 Microfinance Institutions operating in 36 African countries. The parametric SFA is preferred over the non-parametric, as it captures the random and inefficiency effects. Though the suitable approach is SFA, for the purpose of consistency and robustness of the results, the alternative data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach is also run and the results are compared with those derived from SFA. Findings In our analysis we have found that African MFIs are technically inefficient. The average technical efficiency for the sample institutions is 0.489, which is quite low and suggests that on average, African MFIs are achieving only 48.9 per cent of the maximum achievable output. Our results also revealed the presence of significant technical inefficiencies with considerable differences in inefficiency among the MFIs. Further, we found statistically significant difference in the efficiency performance among the different ownership types of MFIs. More importantly, the NGO and non-bank financial institutions are relatively more efficient, while the cooperatives/credit unions are the least efficient. Research limitations/implications The study contributes to the continuing debate on the effect of ownership type on performance of institutions. Moreover, it indicates the importance of using certain approaches and complementing them with other alternatives for a better insight. Practical implications The study found that the least efficient type of MFIs are the cooperatives/credit unions. This might be related to the nature of these institutions where the members are owners and borrowers. This might affect efficiency negatively, although it may somehow address the agency problem. Originality/value This paper provides an evidence on efficiency performance of African MFIs, taking a large data set and applying SFA. DEA was also used to complement the SFA results. It provides useful empirical evidence and perspective on this important issue for policy makers and analysts.

Retrofitting CO2 Capture to Existing Power Plants as a Fast Track Mitigation Strategy

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Chalmers ◽  
Jon Gibbins ◽  
Mathieu Lucquiaud
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fast Track ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Global Strategy ◽  
Pulverized Coal ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Selling Price

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is often identified as an important technology for mitigating global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. For example, the IEA currently suggests that 160GW of CCS may need to be installed globally by 2030 as part of action to limit greenhouse gas concentrations to 550ppm-CO2eq, with a further 190GW CCS capacity required if a 450ppm-CO2eq target is to be achieved. Since global rollout of proven CCS technologies is not expected to commence until 2020 at the earliest this represents a very challenging build rate. In these circumstances retrofitting CO2 capture to existing plants, probably particularly post-combustion capture on pulverized coal-fired plants, could play an important role in the deployment of CCS as a global strategy for implementing CO2 emissions reductions. Retrofitting obviously reduces the construction activity required for CCS deployment, since fewer additional new power plants are required. Retrofitting CCS to an existing fleet is also an effective way to significantly reduce CO2 emissions from this sector of the electricity generation mix; it is obviously not possible to effect an absolute reduction in coal power sector CO2 emissions simply by adding new plants with CCS to the existing fleet. Although it has been proposed that plants constructed now and in the future can be ‘capture ready’, much of the existing fleet will not have been designed to be suitable for retrofit of CO2 capture. Some particular challenges that may be faced by utilities and investors considering a retrofit project are discussed. Since it is expected that post-combustion capture retrofits to pulverized coal plants will be the most widely applied option for retrofit to the existing fleet (probably regardless of whether base plants were designed to be capture ready or not), a review of the technical and potential economic performance of this option is presented. Power cycle performance penalties when capture is retrofitted need to be addressed, but satisfactory options appear to exist. It also seems likely that the economic performance of post-combustion capture retrofit could be competitive when compared to other options requiring more significant capital expenditure. Further work is, however, required both to develop a generally accepted methodology for assessing retrofit economics (including consideration of the implications of lost output after retrofit under different electricity selling price assumptions) and to apply general technical principles to case studies where site-specific constraints are considered in detail. The overall conclusion from the screening-level analysis reported in this paper is that, depending on project-specific and market-specific conditions, retrofit could be an attractive option, especially for fast track initial demonstration and deployment of CCS. Any unnecessary regulatory or funding barriers to retrofit of existing plants and to their effective operation with CCS should, therefore, be avoided.

An empirical study on the impact of micro enterprises on women empowerment

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Arul Paramanandam ◽  
P Packirisamy
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Development Economic ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Self Help Groups ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Micro Enterprises

Purpose – This study aims to find whether the micro-enterprises lead to women empowerment and entrepreneurship and make them to be wholly involved in income-generating activities by having them choose a business venture of their own. Design/methodology/approach – Women empowerment is very important for the acceleration of economic growth. The economic empowerment of women is being regarded these days as a sine qua non of progress for a country; hence, the issue of economic empowerment of women is of paramount importance to political thinkers, social scientists and reformers. The self-help groups (SHGs) have paved the way for economic independence of rural women. The members of SHGs are involved in micro-entrepreneurships. Empowerment is intellectual capital. Capital is a life blood of any industry. Findings – Without women development, economic development will not take place. Women should be imparted technical knowledge, skill training and marketing techniques in the process of establishing an enterprise by them for more sustainability. Originality/value – Micro-enterprises add values to a country’s economy by creating jobs, enhancing income, strengthening purchasing power, lowering costs and adding business convenience.

Prospects Of Microfinance Development In Uzbekistan: Issues And Solutions

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dildora Tadjibaeva
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Urbanization Process ◽  
Operational Risks ◽  
Credit Risks ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Development Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
Further Development

Rendering the microfinance services (in the form of microcredits, microloans, microleasing and others) to the poor households, micro- and small businesses is still an important tool to reduce poverty as well as create more income generation and employment opportunities in countries with the developing and/or transition economies as Uzbekistan. Due to efforts of the Uzbek Government and international donors for the last 15 years, the microfinance sector could become a separate financial segment and address above-mentioned needs in progressive manner. On the other hand, the sector has relatively small share in the composition of financial mediation and its further development requires also consideration of such socio-economic and administrative factors as urbanization process along with uneven development of microfinance sector, acceleration of workforce growth due to increasing youth, the need for government’s transition away from costly poverty control methods, etc. Based on the sector development analysis by concurrent reviewing of these factors the paper reveals the lack of diversified sources of resources for microfinance institutions (MFIs), stiffness of regulatory framework, the need for improving the sector infrastructure in terms of covering credit risks, building up sector’s capacity in covering operational risks. Beside quantitative indicators for prospective development of the sector the paper also discusses qualitative areas to be stressed on to fill the identified gaps.

Superior economic performance in developed and developing countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Ruiz ◽  
Paulo Arvate ◽  
Wlamir Xavier
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Using Data

Purpose The extant literature on emerging economies states that the development of the institutional context contributes to the creation of hypercompetitive conditions. The purpose of this paper is to test this assertion by using data from both developing and developed countries. Design/methodology/approach The study used a probit model, Kolmogorov Smirnov tests and propensity score matching to determine the difference in persistent superior economic performance. Panel data from 600 firms in 26 different countries were used for the period from 1995 to 2011. Findings The empirical results support the proposition that there is a significant difference in superior economic performance and persistent superior economic performance sustainability between firms in developed and developing countries. Originality/value This study contributes by fostering other theories related to competitive advantages and giving special emphasis to the comparison between developed and developing countries.

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