The Relationship between Tax Revenue and Economic Growth in Nepal: A Co-integration Approach

The main objective of this paper is to examine the relationship between tax revenue and economic growth in Nepal. The 43 years' annual time series data from 1974/75 to 2016/17 of GDP, tax revenue and nontax revenue have been used to test the causal relationship of the variables. A unit root test, Engle-Granger’s co-integration and Error Correction Model have been applied for the data analysis. The variables have been found stationary after first differencing I(1) when Augmented Dickey-Fuller unit root test is employed. From Engel-Granger test, it has been found that the variables are co-integrated. The short-term coefficients are not significant, however error correction term (ECT) is significant and contains a negative sign in the error correction model (ECM). It validates the ECM model. The ECT has shown that the annual speed of adjustment from disequilibrium to equilibrium is 34.3 percent. So far as the relationship is concerned, there is a long run relationship between tax revenue and economic growth in Nepal controlling the non-tax revenue. The impact of tax revenue on economic growth could be a good impetus for the policy maker and planner to increase the collection of revenue for the country.

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Tax Revenue Productivity on Nepalese Economy

Dristikon: A Multidisciplinary Journal ◽

10.3126/dristikon.v10i1.34539 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 32-43

Author(s):

Binod Sah

Keyword(s):

Error Correction ◽

Time Series Data ◽

Explanatory Power ◽

Error Correction Model ◽

Series Data ◽

Fiscal Year ◽

Tax Revenue ◽

Correction Model ◽

The Impact ◽

Year 2013

This paper seeks to examine the productivity of Tax Revenue (TR) in the Nepalese economy. It, therefore, analyzes the impact of TR on GDP in aggregate level. This study adopts explanatory research design and attempts to determine the relationship between TR and the GDP. Exchange rate, market capitalization money supply and government spending being the intervening variables included in the model. In order for the specification of a model of co integrated regression model with a time series data of the variables are employed for the study period of 20 years, from 1999/2000 to 2018/19. The values of all the variables are converted into real price (constant price) by GDP deflator. The GDP deflator and CPI year 2013/14 have been assumed equivalent to the base year 2013/14 according to Nepalese fiscal year. Since it is observed that residuals are not normally distributed, autocorrelation and multi-co linearity problem in the model, it is necessary to improve the non-normal distribution, autocorrelation and multi-co linearity problem in the model. Therefore, the data are transposed into first difference and run the model with error correction model (ECMt-n). The R2 shows that the explanatory power of the model, indicating that the variation of GDP is explained to the extent of 81 percent variation of the independent variable included in the model. The estimated coefficient of TR in error correction model shows that one percent point rise in TR has led to0.17645 percent point increase in real GDP in short run, whereas it is found 0.21364 percent point in the long-run. This is supported by (World bank, 2003, 2007, 2018) using a large sample of developing countries observed over the period 1980-2006, and even after factoring in the endogeneity of tax revenue.

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The Impact of National Debt on Economic Growth in Liberia: A Vector Error Correction Model

International Journal of Business and Economics Research ◽

10.11648/j.ijber.20200906.13 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 382

Author(s):

Lester Zomatic Tenny

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Error Correction ◽

Error Correction Model ◽

Vector Error Correction Model ◽

National Debt ◽

Correction Model ◽

Vector Error Correction ◽

Vector Error ◽

The Impact

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The Long-Run and Short-Run Impacts of Investment, Export, Money Supply, and Inflation on Economic Growth In Indonesia

Journal of Economics Business and Accountancy Ventura ◽

10.14414/jebav.v22i1.1589 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Erni Panca Kurniasih

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Time Series ◽

Error Correction ◽

Money Supply ◽

Time Series Data ◽

Error Correction Model ◽

Series Data ◽

Correction Model ◽

Long Run ◽

Short Term Investment

ABSTRACTThe development of investment and exports in Indonesia shows an increase, as well as money supply, while the inflation rate shows a decline, but this is not always followed by increasing economic growth. This study aims to explain the relationship between investment, export, money supply and inflation with the economic growth in Indonesia. The data used was time series data from the first quarter in 2001 to the fourth quarter in 2014 and was analyzed using multiple regression models with Error Correction Model (ECM) and classical assumptions. The study findings show that in short-term investment, export, money supply and inflation are not significant to economic growth. In long-run, investment has negative and significant effect on the economic growth, while export, money supply and inflation have positive and significant effect on the economic growth in Indonesia. Bank Indonesia must applied a tight money policy consistently to achieve the long-term inflation target ABSTRAKPerkembangan investasi dan ekspor di Indonesia menunjukkan peningkatan, demikian pula jumlah uang beredar, sementara tingkat inflasi menunjukkan penurunan, namun hal tersebut tidak selalu diikuti dengan meningkatnya pertumbuhan ekonomi. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan hubungan antara investasi, ekspor neto, jumlah uang beredar dan inflasi terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan adalah data time series dari kuartal pertama tahun 2001 hingga kuartal keempat tahun 2014 dan dianalisa dengan menggunakan model regresi berganda dengan Error Correction Model (ECM). Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa investasi, ekspor, jumlah uang beredar dan inflasi tidak signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia dalam jangka pendek. Investasi berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia dalam jangka panjang, sedangkan ekspor , jumlah uang beredar dan inflasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia. Bank Indonesia harus menerapkan kebijakan moneter yang ketat secara konsisten pada pencapaian sasaran inflasi jangka menenngah

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An Investigation of the Determinants of Savings and Investment in Nigeria

Issues in Economics and Business ◽

10.5296/ieb.v1i2.8688 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Adelakun O. Johnson

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Positive Relationship ◽

Inflation Rate ◽

Time Series Data ◽

Series Data ◽

Correction Model ◽

Use Of Time ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

This study examined the relationship between savings, investment and economic growth. A corollary of the work is the determination of which of the inputs of production contributes more to economic growth in Nigeria. The study makes use of time series data spanning twenty-nine years using error correction model. The result shows a positive relationship between savings, investment and economic growth in Nigeria. Of the determinants of savings considered in the study, inflation rate contributes negatively to saving, while interest rate positively affect saving. All these confirm economic theory. The striking feature of the study however is the confirmation of the impact of labour on economic growth, which according to the study far outweighs the contribution of capital.

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Banking Competition and Economic Growth: 2006-2015 Case of Rwanda

Randwick International of Social Science Journal ◽

10.47175/rissj.v1i3.104 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 513-522

Author(s):

Faustin Maniraguha

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Error Correction ◽

Unit Root ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Unit Root Test ◽

Cointegration Test ◽

Banking Competition ◽

Correction Model ◽

Economic Growth And Development ◽

Short Run

It has been argued that a competitive and efficient financial sector is a prerequisite for economic growth and development. The objective of this study therefore was to determine the influence of bank competition on economic growth in Rwanda for the period 2006 - 2015.The study used Error Correction Model after conducting Unit Root Test(ADF) and Cointegration Test(Johansen) so that to check the degree of adjustment in the short run. The results revealed that Credit to GDP is highly significant and this implied that there is a need to set the policy influencing credit distribution in order to influence economic growth. In addition disequilibrium found in the short run is corrected quarterly at 70.32%.

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The Impact of Final Demand arld Prices on Indonesia's Total - Import: Cointegration and Error Correction Model Analysis

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia ◽

10.21002/jepi.v9i2.161 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 109-125

Author(s):

Isbandriyati Mutmainah

Keyword(s):

Error Correction ◽

Private Investment ◽

Error Correction Model ◽

Final Demand ◽

Cointegration Test ◽

Series Data ◽

Short Term ◽

Correction Model ◽

The Impact

This research is aimed to investigate the influence of final demand and price to Indonesian agregate imports in the long-run and short-run. We use analytical technique cointegration test Iohansen procedures for the long-term influence, and Error Correction Model to estimate the short-term influence, by using quarterly time series data period from_1980 to 2004. From the result of cointegration test and Error Correction Model we found that in the long-term, all of final demand components and price except private investment are important I in determining Indonesian agregate imports. The government expenditure variable has the highest influence, while in the short-term all of independent variables except private consumption are important in determining Indonesian agregate imports and foreign price variable has the highest influence.

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An Empirical Analysis of The Impact of Islamic Banking on Real Output in Indonesia

Economica Jurnal Ekonomi Islam ◽

10.21580/economica.2020.11.2.4079 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 329-345

Author(s):

Hadi Sasana ◽

Deni Ramdani ◽

Ivo Novitaningtyas

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Error Correction ◽

Error Correction Model ◽

Islamic Banking ◽

Vector Error Correction Model ◽

Correction Model ◽

Vector Error Correction ◽

Vector Error ◽

Actual Output ◽

The Impact

Abstract: The role and contribution of Islamic finance on economic growth in Indonesia has increased gradually and steadily. This is because the Islamic economy's universal and comprehensively basic principle is the primary foundation of Islamic banking. This research aimed to analyze the role of Islamic Banking on Indonesia's real sector during 2007.01 – 2016.04. This study used the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) as a tool to analyze secondary data. The result showed that in Indonesia, sharia deposit positively and significantly influenced actual output in the short term. In addition, in the long-term, sharia financing positively and significantly influenced actual output. Moreover, Granger Causality Test proved the occurrence of one-way causality between actual output and inflation. Thus, Islamic banking can encourage actual output in Indonesia. The results of this study become a consideration for stakeholders and policymakers to pay more attention to strategies and policies that support economic growth in Indonesia.Abstrak: Perkembangan keuangan syariah di Indonesia semakin meningkat setiap tahunnya. Prinsip-prinsip dasar ekonomi syariah yang universal dan komprehensif merupakan landasan utama perbankan syariah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menginvestigasi peran perbankan syariah terhadap sektor riil di Indonesia selama periode 2007.01 – 2016.04. Penelitian ini menggunakan Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) sebagai alat untuk menganalisis data sekunder. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa dalam jangka pendek deposito syariah berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap output rill. Selain itu, dalam jangka panjang pembiayaan syariah berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap output riil di Indonesia. Lebih lanjut, Uji Kausalitas Granger membuktikan terjadinya kausalitas satu arah antara output riil dan inflasi. Dengan demikian, perbankan syariah mampu mendorong output riil di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian ini menjadi bahan pertimbangan bagi para pemangku kepentingan dan pengambil kebijakan untuk lebih memperhatikan strategi dan kebijakan yang mendukung pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia.

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An Error Correction Model on the Impact of Government Expenditure on Economic Growth in Liberia from 1970 to 2020: Keynesian Economics Visited

International Journal of Business and Economics Research ◽

10.11648/j.ijber.20211001.13 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 21

Author(s):

Lester Zomatic Tenny

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Error Correction ◽

Government Expenditure ◽

Error Correction Model ◽

Correction Model ◽

Keynesian Economics ◽

The Impact

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Does trade openness cause economic growth in Bangladesh?

IIUC Studies ◽

10.3329/iiucs.v16i0.50139 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

pp. 99-110

Author(s):

Sharmina Khanom

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Time Series Data ◽

Trade Openness ◽

Unit Root Test ◽

Positive Association ◽

Series Data ◽

Restrictive Trade ◽

Annual Time Series ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

Bangladesh has followed a restrictive trade policy immediately after its liberation. But the system was proven wrong, and gradually it opened up its market to others and started to improve its foreign trade. This paper investigates the impact of trade openness on Bangladesh's economic growth using annual time-series data for the period from 1972-73 to 2015-16. The paper uses such econometric tools as unit root test, cointegration test and error correction model to investigate the relationship between the variables. This study revealed a positive association between export and GDP but the opposite relation between import and GDP and recommended to enhance export earnings. IIUC Studies Vol.16, December 2019: 99-110

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INTERAKSI ASPEK PERMODALAN, RISIKO PEMBIAYAAN, DAN INDIKATOR MAKROEKONOMI DALAM MEMPENGARUHI PROFITABILITAS BPRS DI INDONESIA PERIODE 2014-2018

Jurnal Benefita ◽

10.22216/jbe.v5i3.5623 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 401

Author(s):

Feri Irawan

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Time Series ◽

Error Correction ◽

Error Correction Model ◽

Series Data ◽

Short Term ◽

Correction Model ◽

Long Run ◽

Short And Long Term

ABSTRACTThis study aims to analyze the effect of capital aspects (CAR), financing risk (NPF) and macroeconomic variables including economic growth, inflation and the BI Rate on profitability (ROE) in the short and long term. By using time series data for the monthly period from 2013-2018 and the Error-Correction Model (ECM) and cointegration approach, it is found that CAR and NPF do not have a significant effect on ROE in the short and long term. Economic growth, inflation and the BI Rate in the short term do not have a significant effect on ROE, in the long run economic growth, inflation and the BI Rate have a significant effect on ROE. In the short term, economic growth, inflation and the BI Rate disturb the balance of profitability, but in the long run it returns to its equilibrium level. It is necessary to integrate the BPRS policy strategy in managing capital and risk with government policies related to economic growth and inflation. ABSTRACTPenelitian bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh aspek permodalan (CAR), risiko pembiayaan (NPF) dan variabel makroekonomi yang meliputi pertumbuhan ekonomi, inflasi dam BI Rate terhadap profitabilitas (ROE) dalam jangka pendek dan jangka panjang. Dengan menggunakan data time series periode bulanan dari tahun 2013-2018 dan pendekatan Error-Correction Model (ECM) dan kointegrasi, ditemukan bahwa CAR dan NPF tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap ROE dalam jangka pendek dan jangka panjang. Pertumbuhan ekonomi, inflasi dan BI Rate dalam jangka pendek tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ROE, dalam jangka panjang pertumbuhan ekonomi, inflasi dan BI Rate berpengaruh signfikan terhadap ROE. Pada jangka pendek, pertumbuhan ekonomi, inflasi dan BI Rate menggangu keseimbangan profitabilitas namun dalam jangka panjang kembali pada tingkat keseimbangannya. Diperlukan pengintegrasi strategi kebijakan BPRS dalam mengelola permodalan dan risiko dengan kebijakan pemerintah terkait dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi dan inflasi.

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