Portrayal of the West and the Expression of Nepalese Male Ethos in Jungabahadurko Belayet Yatra

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 84-98
Author(s):  
Dharma Bahadur Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Travel Writing ◽  
European Society ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
The West ◽  
Conceptual Frame ◽  
Queen Victoria ◽  
The Feminine

Jungabahadurko Belayet Yatra [Jungabahadur’s England Visit] is a pioneering work of travel account in the Nepalese literature. It recounts Jungabahadur Rana’s formal visit to England and France in 1850 as a goodwill ambassador of the Nepalese king to Queen Victoria while he was the prime minister of Nepal. Although the author is not identified, the work informs the reader of the European life and society with its colour, culture and sound. More than this, it reveals the male ethos of the observer. This paper attempts to analyse the text to see how it represents and reacts to the European society of the mid-fifties of the nineteenth century. The article uses the conceptual frame works of Michel Foucault’s discourse and power and Edward Said’s Orientalism and the generic parameters of travel writing. Finally, the article comes to the conclusion that, despite addressing diverse issues, it portrays England and France mainly in the feminine tropes and presents Rana as the centre of attraction.

‘Bharat Mata’ and ‘Ma Victoria’: Forms of Divine Motherhood in Colonial Bengal

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-312
Author(s):  
Sanmita Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
English Translation ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Queen Victoria ◽  
The Feminine

This article attempts to explore the cult of the ‘Bharat Mata’ that was born out of the patriotic fervour of Indian nationalist leaders who transformed their nationalist passion into an image of the nation as mother, and the widely promoted idea of Queen Victoria as a mother to her subjects in the nineteenth-century Bengal. The image of ‘Bharat Mata’ was conceived with the rising tide of nationalism in the nineteenth century, the impetus provided by the Bengali novelist Bankimchandra Chattopadhyay’s novel Anandamath (1882). The image of Queen Victoria as a mother to her Indian subjects found its most emphatic projection in Bengali texts like Raja Sir Sourindro Mohun Tagore’s poem Srimad-Victoria-Mahatmyam, The Greatness of the Empress Victoria: A Sanskrit Poem, Set to Music with English Translation (1897). Composed on the occasion of the completion of 60 years of Queen Victoria’s reign, the poem was a ‘humble offering of loyalty’ to the Queen-Empress, whose reign over India was glorified and regarded auspicious. The article looks into the apparently contradictory nature of the worship of the feminine form as the ‘mother’ in a pre-independent nineteenth-century Bengal, through a consideration of texts like Anandamath, Srimad-Victoria-Mahatmyam and Girishchandra Ghosh’s play Hirak Jubilee (1897), among others. In this context, the article also takes into account the theoretical perspective of the cultural ‘Other’, inherent in a study involving the dynamics of colonial relations.

scholarly journals Moving Home

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Gunning
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Travel Writing ◽  
Atlantic World ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Black Atlantic ◽  
Queen Victoria

In Moving Home, Sandra Gunning examines nineteenth-century African diasporic travel writing to expand and complicate understandings of the Black Atlantic. Gunning draws on the writing of missionaries, abolitionists, entrepreneurs, and explorers whose work challenges the assumptions that travel writing is primarily associated with leisure or scientific research. For instance, Yoruba ex-slave turned Anglican bishop Samuel Ajayi Crowther played a role in the Christianization of colonial Nigeria. Sarah Forbes Bonetta, a formerly enslaved girl "gifted" to Queen Victoria, traveled the African colonies as the wife of a prominent colonial figure and under the protection of her benefactress. Alongside Nancy Gardiner Prince, Martin R. Delany, Robert Campbell, and others, these writers used their mobility as African diasporic and colonial subjects to explore the Atlantic world and beyond while they negotiated the complex intersections between nation and empire. Rather than categorizing them as merely precursors of Pan-Africanist traditions, Gunning traces their successes and frustrations to capture a sense of the historical and geographical specificities that shaped their careers.

Europe in the Dock

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Fiddian
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The West ◽  
Short Account ◽  
Main Thrust ◽  
Gulliver's Travels ◽  
Queen Victoria ◽  
Las Casas ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Bartolome De Las Casas

The chapter provides an in-depth analysis of the title story of Brodie’s Report (1970), reading it intertextually through Gulliver’s Travels (Swift), Plain Tales from the Hills (Kipling), A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies (Bartolomé de Las Casas), and Tristes tropiques (Claude Lévi-Strauss). The main thrust is a critique of the missionary figure, David Brodie, who is read as serving the interests of nineteenth-century European imperialism as exemplified by the administration of Queen Victoria; she is the addressee of the Scottish Presbyterian’s report. The target of Borges’s criticism is Occidentalism as embodied in the emblematic figure of the missionary—also found in Kipling and elsewhere. The story is symptomatic of mid-twentieth-century geopolitical concerns, felt especially acutely at that time in the West.

Kawakami, Sadayakko (1871–1946)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Wetmore
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
The United States ◽  
World's Fair ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
The West ◽  
Queen Victoria ◽  
Intercultural Theater

Sadayakko (also sometimes transliterated Sada Yakko or Sada Yacco) was Japan’s first modern actress, a pioneer of Western drama in Japan and one of the first Japanese to perform in the West. Together with her husband she was an innovator of intercultural theater. Born Sada Koyama in Tokyo to a large merchant family, she was sent to train as a geisha from the age of four years, debuting at the age of twelve. In addition to training in the geisha arts, she learned to read and write, ride a horse, and other skills usually reserved for men, which was progressive and unusual for the time. She rapidly rose through the ranks to find patrons from the highest levels of society, including Prime Minister Itō Hirobumi. In 1893 she married impresario and shinpa pioneer Kawakami Otojirō, a shrewd self-promoter who transformed his wife into the first professional actress in Japan. With the Kawakami Company, Sada Yakko undertook three tours of the West in 1899 to 1901, 1901 to 1902 and 1907 to 1908, performing in numerous venues throughout the United States and Europe, including Honolulu, San Francisco, Seattle, Chicago, New York, and Washington, DC, including a performance for President McKinley. In Europe she performed in London, Paris, Brussels, Berlin, Vienna, Prague, Moscow, Rome, and many other cities. They performed at the World’s Fair and for Queen Victoria and Tsar Nicholas II.

scholarly journals Travel Writing and the Integration of East-Central Europe: John Paget’s Hungary and Transylvania

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Márta Pellérdi
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Travel Writing ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Colonial Discourse ◽  
The West ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
The Social

John Paget’s travelogue from 1839, Hungary and Transylvania; with Remarks on their Condition, Social, Political, and Economical, makes a clear distinction between the Kingdom of Hungary and the Principality of Transylvania, both under Austrian rule at the time, and the rest of Eastern Europe. In terms of the variety and depth of the descriptions of the social, political, and economic conditions in the East-CentralEuropean country and province, Paget’s comprehensive and objective text stands out from the travelogues written about the region in the nineteenth century. This essay demonstrates that Hungary and Transylvania reveals the author’s intention to rediscover the history and culture of a neglected European nation who have attempted for centuries, successfully, and often unsuccessfully, to orient their politics toward the West rather than the East. It suggests that despite the occasional colonial discourse, Paget’s travelogue is an attempt to economically, politically, and culturally promote the integration of Hungary and Transylvania into the more “civilized” West. (MP)

scholarly journals Going East or West? Finnish Travelers in Nineteenth Century Greece

Linguaculture ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Vassilis Letsios
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Travel Writing ◽  
Classical Antiquity ◽  
The West ◽  
Modern Greek ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Modern Greece ◽  
East West

Abstract In this article I will discuss two different attitudes of traveling in mid-nineteenth century Greece, at a crucial time for the “western” or “eastern” orientation of the Greek state. To capture this I will demonstrate aspects of the travel writing of two Finnish travelers in nineteenth century Greece. The first recognized in modern Greece the light of classical antiquity and the importance of its conveying to the west, the second focused on contemporary Greece and its connection with the east. The two travelers, with a common starting point and at about the same time, traveled in a very different way in nineteenth century Greece and with their different skills “opened” different ideological horizons in a place that they both “loved” and “hated” for different reasons. How does the binary “east/west?” relate to the travelers’ expectations and predispositions at a time of the development of modern Greek identities and consciousness?

Contents of Western Sociology of Religion as a Science and Educational Discipline

2002 ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
Liudmyla O. Fylypovych
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
International Society ◽  
Sociology Of Religion ◽  
Scientific Study ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
The West ◽  
Late Nineteenth

Sociology of religion in the West is a field of knowledge with at least 100 years of history. As a science and as a discipline, the sociology of religion has been developing in most Western universities since the late nineteenth century, having established traditions, forming well-known schools, areas related to the names of famous scholars. The total number of researchers of religion abroad has never been counted, but there are more than a thousand different centers, universities, colleges where religion is taught and studied. If we assume that each of them has an average of 10 religious scholars, theologians, then the army of scholars of religion is amazing. Most of them are united in representative associations of researchers of religion, which have a clear sociological color. Among them are the most famous International Society for the Sociology of Religion (ISSR) and the Society for Scientific Study of Religion (SSSR).

Disruptions of the Local, Eruptions of the Feminine: Local Reportage and National Anxieties in Egypt’s 1890s

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn Booth
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Female Images ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Advocacy Role ◽  
Representations Of Women ◽  
Gendered Expectations

This chapter demonstrates that inscriptions of female images in Cairo’s late nineteenth-century nationalist press were part of a discursive economy shaping debates on how gender roles and gendered expectations should shift as Egyptians struggled for independence. The chapter investigates content and placement of ‘news from the street’ in al-Mu’ayyad in the 1890s, examining how these terse local reports – equivalent to faits divers in the French press – contributed to the construction of an ideal national political trajectory with representations of women serving as the primary example in shaping a politics of newspaper intervention on the national scene. In this, an emerging advocacy role of newspaper correspondents makes the newspaper a mediator in the construction of activist reader-citizens.

Documents and Source Material

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-26
Keyword(s):  
Prime Minister ◽  
Palestinian Authority ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
The West ◽  
White House ◽  
Peace Negotiations ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
Un Security Council ◽  
The Government ◽  
Source Materials

This section comprises international, Arab, Israeli, and U.S. documents and source materials, as well as an annotated list of recommended reports. Significant developments this quarter: In the international diplomatic arena, the UN Security Council approved Resolution 2334, reaffirming the illegality of Israeli settlements and calling for a return to peace negotiations. Additionally, former U.S. secretary of state John Kerry delivered a final address on the Israel-Palestine conflict, outlining a groundwork for negotiations. Two weeks later, international diplomats met in Paris to establish incentives for Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Palestinian Authority president Mahmoud Abbas to return to the negotiating table. Despite international discussions of peace talks and the impediment settlements pose to a two-state solution, the Israeli Knesset passed the controversial Regulation Law, enabling the government to retroactively legalize settlements and confiscate Palestinian land throughout the West Bank. Meanwhile, U.S. president Donald Trump took office on 20 January 2017, and he wasted no time before inviting Netanyahu to the White House for their first meeting, in February.

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