Bacteraemia and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of isolates from patients visiting a private hospital of Kathmandu

Background: Bacteraemia can develop a broad array of complications that may be difficult to recognize initially and can increase morbidity. The study was thus conducted to identify the causative agents of bacteraemia and to assess antibiogram of the isolates among the patients suspected of blood stream infection visiting Everest hospital, New Baneshwor Kathmandu. Methods: Altogether 400 blood cultures were processed during March, 2015 to August, 2015. Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) was followed during the processing of the specimens. Antibiotic susceptibility testing of bacterial isolates was done by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method with Muller-Hinton agar using the guidelines and interpretive criteria of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI 2013). Result: The positivity of blood culture was found to be 48 (12%). Gram negative bacterial were found to be more predominant 27(56.2%) than gram positive bacteria 21(43.7%) in causing bacteraemia. The most prevalent isolate was Staphylococcus aureus 15 (31.2%) followed by Salmonella Paratyphi A 10 (20.8%) and Salmonella Typhi 8 (16.6%), E. coli & CoNS 4 (8.3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 3 (6.2%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae & Streptococcus pneumoniae 2 (4.1%) respectively. All gram-positive isolates were found to be sensitive to Cefoxitin, Ceftriaxone and Vancomycin followed by Ampicillin (90.42%), Erythromycin (85.71%), Ciprofloxacin (83.33%), Doxycycline (75%) and Cephalexin (70.58%) whereas gram negative isolates were sensitive to Ceftriaxone followed by Chloramphenicol (92%), Gentamicin (88.8%), Cefixime (85.71%), Ofloxacin (83.3%) and Amoxycillin and Ciprofloxacin (71.3%) Conclusion: The isolation of etiological agents of blood stream infection should be assessed by proper microbiological analysis and it would be helpful for controlling of the outbreaks of resistance strains through effective empirical therapy.

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Neonatal septicemia and current scenario of antibiotic sensitivity pattern – A study of blood culture isolates in a tertiary care hospital, Rajkot

IP International Journal of Medical Microbiology and Tropical Diseases ◽

10.18231/j.ijmmtd.2021.046 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 222-226

Author(s):

Madhulika Mistry ◽

Arpita Bhattacharya ◽

Twinkle Kumar Parmar

Keyword(s):

Neonatal Sepsis ◽

Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽

Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Susceptibility Pattern ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽

Neonatal Septicemia ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Current Scenario

Neonatal sepsis is one of the leading causes of neonatal mortality in developing countries. Neonatal sepsis can be classified into two subtypes depending upon onset of symptoms- before 72 hours of life (early-onset neonatal sepsis—EONS) or later (late-onset neonatal sepsis—LONS). Bacteriological profile and antibiotic susceptibility pattern in neonatal septicemia are changing time-to-time and place-to-place. This study is aimed to know the current scenario of neonatal septicemia and antibiotic susceptibility pattern for determining effective treatment, hence reducing burden of antibiotic resistance.This is a Retrospective study. Data was collected from Bacteriology lab, PDUMC Rajkot (May 2020 – May 2021). Blood cultures were performed on suspected neonates. Both BACTEC and conventional methods were used. Organisms were isolated by standard microbiological protocols and antibiotic sensitivity was performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method as per CLSI- 2020/2021 guidelines. Total 1402 samples were screened. 326 were positive (23.25%). 214(65.64%) were male and 112(34.36%) were female. CONS (32.21%) was found to be the predominant pathogen followed by Klebsiella (19.63%), Staphylococcus aureus (18.10%), E. coli (15.95%), Acinetobacter (12.27%) and Enterococcus spp. (1.84%). EONS was seen in 195(59.82%) cases and LONS was seen in 131(40.18%) cases. Gram-negative bacteria are predominant in EONS (76.28%) and gram-positive bacteria is predominant in LONS (64.12%). Gram negative isolates are mostly susceptible to Meropenem, Piperacillin-tazobactam, Cefepime, Ceftazidime. Gram positive isolates mostly showed sensitivity to Vancomycin, Linezolid.Multi-drug resistant organism are emerging in neonatal septicemia. Strict antibiotic stewardship should be practiced to avoid the upcoming treatment difficulties.

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Bacteriological Study of Wound Infection and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of the Isolates

Nepal Journal of Science and Technology ◽

10.3126/njst.v14i2.10428 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 143-150

Author(s):

R KC ◽

A Shrestha ◽

VK Sharma

Keyword(s):

Wound Infection ◽

Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽

Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽

Microbiological Analysis ◽

Susceptibility Pattern ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Bacteriological Study ◽

Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Staph Aureus

Wound infections result in sepsis, limb loss, long hospital stays, higher costs, and are responsible for significant human mortality and morbidity worldwide. The present study was conducted to isolate and identify the causative organisms of wound infection, to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates and to study the risk factors for wound infection. The study was conducted for six months in which pus specimens collected from 244 patients were processed to investigate etiological agents using standard technique. Disc susceptibility of bacterial agents were then determined. A total of 244 pus samples were collected and 147 (60.20%) samples showed growth. A total of 150 bacterial isolates were isolated; of which 118 (78.67%) were Gram positive and 32 (21.33%) were Gram negative bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus (72.00%) was most common followed by Escherichia coli (6.67%), Citrobacter freundii (5.34%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (4.00%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3.33%), Proteus mirabilis (2.00%), Enterococcus faecalis (1.33%), Acinetobacter spp. (1.33%), Klebsiella oxytoca (1.33%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (1.33%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (0.67%) and Streptococcus pyogenes (0.67%). The most effective antibiotic for Gram positive isolates was Gentamicin (77.97%). For Gram negative isolates (except Ps. aeruginosa), Amikacin (74.07%), for Ps. aeruginosa, Amikacin, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin and Ofloxacin each with the susceptibility of 80.00% and for Staph. aureus, Cloxacillin (79.63%) were the most effective antibiotics. Hence, the most common isolate in wound infection was Staph. aureus followed by E. coli. Therefore, routine microbiological analysis of the wound specimens and their antibiotic susceptibility testing is recommended that will guide clinician for treatment of wound infection. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v14i2.10428 Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 14, No. 2 (2013) 143-150

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TEICOPLANIN RESISTANCE IN GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIAL ISOLATE: AN EMERGING THREAT

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2021.v14i12.43332 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 136-139

Author(s):

SATISH CHANDEL ◽

PARAG SHARMA ◽

PRATIK AKHANI ◽

RAMESH AGRAWAL

Keyword(s):

Blood Culture ◽

Blood Stream Infection ◽

Central India ◽

Blood Stream ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽

The Future

Objectives: Development of antimicrobial resistance in microorganism isolated from blood stream infection constitutes a major concern about their treatment. Teicoplanin is a glycopeptide antibiotic used in the treatment of infection caused by Gram-positive bacteria. This study was planned to determine Teicoplanin resistance in the Central India and recommend policy changes for prevention of the future resistance to the higher antibiotics. Methods: A total of 1855 septicemia suspected blood samples were studied. The blood culture samples were processed and identified in the microbiology laboratory according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Antibiotic susceptibility test was done using Kirby B disk diffusion method. Results: About 39.5% of blood culture samples showed positive growth for organism. We observed high teicoplanin resistance (29.5%) among Gram-positive isolates, predominantly (53%) in the Enterococcus species. Conclusion: Teicoplanin resistance has emerged tremendously in the present study. Hence, attention is required about this serious issue otherwise very limited choice of antibiotics will be available for treating infections in the future.

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Childhood Septicemia in Nepal: Documenting the Bacterial Etiology and Its Susceptibility to Antibiotics

International Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1155/2014/452648 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Shamshul Ansari ◽

Hari Prasad Nepal ◽

Rajendra Gautam ◽

Sony Shrestha ◽

Puja Neopane ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽

Methicillin Resistance ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Microbiological Methods

Introduction. Children are among the most vulnerable population groups to contract illnesses. The varying microbiological pattern of septicemia warrants the need for an ongoing review of the causative organisms and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Therefore, the objective of this study was to document the bacterial etiology of childhood septicemia and its antibiotic susceptibility profile.Methods.Cross-sectional type of study in 1630 suspected patients was conducted at CMCTH from January 2012 to December 2013. Blood samples were collected aseptically for culture. The organisms grown were identified by standard microbiological methods recommended by American Society for Microbiology (ASM) and subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing by modified Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Methicillin resistance was confirmed using cefoxitin and oxacillin disks methods.Results.Septicemia was detected in 172 (10.6%) cases. Among Gram-positive organisms, coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) were leading pathogen andAcinetobacterspp. were leading pathogen among Gram-negative isolates. Vancomycin, teicoplanin, and clindamycin were the most effective antibiotics against Gram-positive isolates while amikacin was effective against Gram-positive as well as Gram-negative isolates. Methicillin resistance was detected in 44.4% ofStaphylococcus aureus.Conclusions. This study has highlighted the burden of bacterial etiology for septicemia among children in a tertiary care center of central Nepal.

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Bacteriological Profile of Urinary Tract Infections among Postmenopausal Women Visiting Alka Hospital, Lalitpur, Nepal

Himalayan Journal of Science and Technology ◽

10.3126/hijost.v2i0.25841 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 34-40

Author(s):

Surendra Prasad Yadav ◽

Puspa Raj Dahal ◽

Shiv Nandan Sah ◽

Vijay Kumar Sharma

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽

Urine Samples ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Microbiological Methods ◽

Tract Infections

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common diseases encountered worldwide and is a major public health problem in terms of morbidity and financial costs. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Alka Hospital, Lalitpur, Nepal from February to July, 2014. A total of 353 midstream urine samples were collected from postmenopausal women visiting Alka Hospital, Lalitpur, Nepal. The samples were examined by microscopically and culture methods. The isolated organisms were identified by conventional microbiological methods. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method according to CLSI (2011) guidelines. Among 353 urine samples processed, 32 % (113) showed significant bacteriuria. Out of 113 bacterial isolates, the prevalence of gram negative bacteria was 97.3% (110) while that of gram positive was 2.7% (3). The most predominating organisms causing UTI were Escherichia coli (84.9%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (5.3%), Enterococcus faecalis (1.7%), Providencia spp. (1.7%), Klebsiella oxytoca (1.7%), Proteus mirabilis (1.7%), Proteus vulgaris (0.9%), Citrobacter freundii (0.9%) and Staphylococcus aureus (0.9%). Antibiotic susceptibility tests of the isolates showed that, most of the gram negative bacterial isolates were sensitive to Piperacillin+Tazobactam followed by Amikacin, Imipenem and Nitrofurantoin, while they were resistant to Amoxicillin. All gram positive isolates were sensitive to Amoxicillin and resistant to Gentamycin. This study showed that higher aged postmenopausal women (>80 years) were at higher risk for UTI than those of lower aged ones (<80 years).

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Impact of Culture Sensitivity Reports on the Pattern of Antibiotics use and Cost of Therapy: A Prospective Observational study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-67568/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ummara Altaf ◽

Muhammad Furqan Akhtar ◽

Bashir Ahmad ◽

Hassan Mehmood Yasir ◽

Brian Godman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Observational Study ◽

Broad Spectrum ◽

Prospective Observational Study ◽

Inappropriate Prescribing ◽

Empirical Therapy ◽

Definitive Treatment ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Culture Sensitivity

Abstract Background: There are concerns with inappropriate prescribing of antibiotics in hospitals especially broad spectrum in Pakistan and the subsequent impact on antimicrobial resistance rates. One recognized way to reduce inappropriate prescribing is for empirical therapy to be adjusted according to the result of culture sensitivity reports.Objective: To find the impact of culture sensitivity reports on the use of antibiotics and cost in a leading tertiary care hospital in Lahore.Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out in Ghurki trust teaching hospital. A total of 465 positive culture patients were taken over an 8 month study period using convenient sampling techniques and immediately sent to the microbiology laboratory for pathogen identification and susceptibility testing using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Additional data was collected from the patient medical file which included demographic data, sample type, causative microbe, anti-microbial treatment given in empirical and definitive treatment as well as medicine costs. Results: Total of 497 isolates were detected from the 465 patient samples, which included 309 gram-negative rods and 188 gram-positive cocci. Out of 497 isolates, the most common Gram-positive pathogen isolated was MSSA (28.4%) and Gram-negative was E. coli (23.8%). Most of the gram-negative isolates were found to be resistant to ampicillin and co-amoxiclav. Most of the A. baumannii isolates were resistant to carbapenems. Gram-positive microorganism showed the maximum sensitivity to linezolid and vancomycin. The most widely used antibiotics in empirical therapy were cefoperazone+sulbactam, ceftriaxone, amikacin, vancomycin and metronidazole whereas high use of linezolid, clindamycin, meropenem and piperacillin + tazobactam was evidenced in definitive treatment. Empiric therapy was adjusted in 222 (71.8%) cases of Gram-negative infections and 131 (69.6%) cases of gram-positive infections (p-value <0.0001). Compared with empirical therapy, there was a 13.8% reduction in the number of antibiotics in definitive treatment. The average costs of antibiotics in definitive treatment was less than the empirical treatment (8.2%) and the length of hospitalization also decreased.Conclusion: Culture sensitivity reports helped reduce antibiotic utilization, hospital stay and costs as well as helping select the most appropriate treatment. We also found an urgent need for implementing antimicrobial stewardship programs and the development of hospital antibiotic guidelines within the hospital to reduce future unnecessary prescribing of broad-spectrum antibiotics.

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Study of Pathogenic Bacterial Isolates from Patients with Skin Infections and their susceptibility to Antibiotics in Some Hospitals in Taiz City-Yemen

International Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.32441/ijms.v1i2.69 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 25-39

Author(s):

Ahmed Al-Jendy

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Multi Drug Resistance ◽

Skin Infections ◽

Soft Tissue Infections ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Mannitol Salt Agar ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Antibiotic Susceptibility Test

Background: Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are commonly encountered in clinical practice, the spectrum of the causative bacterial agent changes constantly and so does their antibiotics. Aim: This study was carried out to investigate the incidence of different aerobic bacteria isolates. Materials and methods: Samples were collected from patients with skin infections at a local Hospital in Taiz City, Yemen. A cross-sectional study was conducted during the period between January to December 2014. A pus specimens were collected aseptically from 130 cases of skin and soft tissue infections in the sterile condition and cultured on blood agar, MacConkey agar and mannitol-salt agar media. After growing and staining of bacteria by gram stain, bacteria were cultured in differentiated media, strains that were isolated, undergo antibiotic susceptibility test by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: From a total of 130 swabs collected, 89 (68. 5%) were with bacterial growth : gram positive bacteria form [57 (64%)], while gram negative bacteria were [32 (36%)], common aerobic bacterial pathogens were: S. aureus[30 (33.7%)], S. epidermidis [18 (20.2%)], P. aeruginosa [14 (15.9%)], S. pyogenes [9 (10.1%)], E. coli [8 (8.9%)], K. Pneumoniae [6 (6.7%)], P. mirabilis [4 (4.5%)]. These results showed that in vitro antibiotic susceptibility tests among gram positive cocci susceptibility was highest to Vancomycin, Fusidic acid (except S. pyogenes) and Ciprofloxacin. Among gram negative bacilli Gentamycin, Chloramphenicol and Ciprofloxacin susceptibility was high, however, all Escherichia coli isolates were resistant to Penicillin, Ampicillin, and Tetracycline. Additionally, all Proteus mirabilis isolates were resistant to Erythromycin and Penicillin. Conclusion: This study indicated that the multi drug resistance (MDR) of bacterial organisms were alarming for increase in skin infections .

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Etiology of bloodstream infection and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v7i2.13444 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 71-75 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Prashubha Bhandari ◽

Sarita Manandhar ◽

Basudha Shrestha ◽

Nabeen Dulal

Keyword(s):

Bloodstream Infection ◽

Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽

Salmonella Typhi ◽

Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Susceptibility Pattern ◽

Salmonella Spp ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽

Gram Negative

Background: Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a signifi cant cause of morbidity and mortality. In Nepal, very few studies on BSIs have restricted the understanding of their cause, prevention and treatment. This cross-sectional study was conducted to isolate BSIs causing pathogens and determine their antibiotic susceptibility pattern in patients visiting Kathmandu ModelHospital during December 2012 to May 2013.Materials and Methods: Standard laboratory procedure was used to screen, isolate and identify the bacteria from 1,205 patients. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern (AST) was analyzed by modifi ed Kirby Bauer technique and data were analyzed using SPSS version-16.Results: Out of 1,205 blood samples, 186 (15.4 %) were culture positive. The most common bacteria isolated were: Salmonella spp., Escherichiacoli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and CoNS. Gram-negative bacteria were the predominant causes of BSIs. Salmonella Typhi was isolated in 71 % cases of bloodstream infection followed by Salmonella Paratyphi A in 16 %, Escherichia coli in 5.3 % and Klebsiella pneumonia in 0.5 %. The gram-positive organism responsible for causing BSI was coagulase-negative staphylococcus in 7 % cases. There was no significant association between bacteremia and gender of the patients. During ASTs, Gram-negative bacteria were sensitive to Chloramphenicol with only 0.5 % resistivity. Salmonella Typhi (85.6 % of isolates) showed resistance to Nalidixic acid. Gram-positive bacteria showed 100 % sensitivity towards Chloramphenicol and Gentamicin and were least sensitive to Amoxicillin.Conclusion: Salmonella spp., was major cause of BSIs. Increase in antibiotic resistivity for BSI causing pathogens has necessitated continuous monitoring of the susceptibility of organisms towards antibiotics.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(2) 2015 71-75

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Facile synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Averrhoa bilimbi L and Plum extracts and investigation on the synergistic bioactivity using in vitro models

Green Processing and Synthesis ◽

10.1515/gps-2019-0058 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 873-884 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Suresh Sagadevan ◽

Selvaraj Vennila ◽

Preeti Singh ◽

Jayasingh Anita Lett ◽

Mohd Rafie Johan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Salmonella Typhi ◽

In Vitro Models ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Vis Spectroscopy ◽

Test Cultures

Abstract The bacterial communities (Gram-negative and Gram-positive) form the biofilms which oppose the mode of action of antibiotics and affecting the immune system of the human. These chronic infections related to biofilm are always hard to be cured because of their inherent resistance to both antimicrobial agents and host defense. The present study is devoted to the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using aqueous extracts of Averrhoa bilimbi leaf and Plum fruit (Prunus bokharensis) and its inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhi. Here, AgNPs) were successfully prepared by green synthesis method obtained by the reduction of silver nitrate into silver ions. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV-Vis Spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR, FESEM-EDAX and DLS analysis. The antimicrobial effects of the two extract were evaluated by the disk diffusion method. The green synthesized AgNPs exhibited good antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive. They were also analyzed for their significant antibacterial activities against all the test cultures exposed whereas Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi topped among other test cultures. The anti-proliferative activity of phytochemical mediated synthesis of Ag NPs was investigated for their cytotoxicity in Vero and Human epidermoid larynx carcinoma cell lines (HEp-2) based on their viability using MTT assay. The present study also represents the synergistic bioactivity of silver nanoparticles using in vitro models.

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Study of Aerobic Bacterial Etiology and Their Antibiogram from Pus Samples in a Tertiary Care Hospital

International Journal of Research and Review ◽

10.52403/ijrr.20210442 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 358-362

Author(s):

T. Kanakadurgamba ◽

Rama Lakshmi Koripella ◽

B. Gowtham

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽

Microbiological Analysis ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Culture Positive ◽

Gram Positive Cocci

Introduction: The spread of multidrug resistant bacteria has added a new angel to the problem of wound infections which are a major cause of morbidity. To avoid difficulty in treatment of such infections it is mandatory for every pus sample to undergo Culture and sensitivity. Aim: To isolate and study the antibiogram of the aerobic bacteria from pus samples. Materials and Methods: A total of 426 pus samples received from various wards in the Microbiology department. Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam were processed as per standard guidelines in the laboratory. All the aerobic bacterial isolates obtained were kept for antibiogram by Kirby Bauer’s disc diffusion method as per CLSI Guidelines. Results: Out of 426 samples 394 (92.4%) were culture positive. Among culture positive samples 90.6% were pure cultures and 9.4% were mixed isolates. Gram negative bacilli were 72.8% of the total isolates and 27.2% were Gram positive cocci. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia were the predominant isolates (30.3% and 28.9%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (24%), Proteus species (9.7%) and Acinetobacter species (6.9%). Among Gram positive cocci Staphylococcus aureus (62.6%), Enterococci (20.5%) and Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus (11.2%) and Streptococci (3.7%). GNB were more sensitive to Colistin (92%), Amikacin (86%), Imipenem and Meropenem (86% and 84.4%), Piperacillin Tazobactam (84%), Gentamycin (78%), Cefaperazone Sulbactam (76.2%) and Ciprofloxacin (56%). Gram positive cocci were sensitive to Linezolid and Teicoplanin (98% each), Vancomycin (96.2%), Clindamycin (84%), Gentamycin (79%), Azithromycin (76.4%), Ciprofloxacin (66%) and Amoxiclav (54%) out of 62.6% Staphylococcus aureus isolates 31.4% were MRSA and out of 72.8% of Gram negative bacilli 38.2% were ESBLS. Conclusion: As multidrug resistant bacterial strains are emerging in various infectious and pyogenic wound infection is most important cause of morbidity, it is important for a clinician to send all pus samples for microbiological analysis and their antibiogram before putting cases on antibiotics. Keywords: Pus samples, Multidrug resistance, Gram negative bacilli, Gram positive cocci, Antimicrobial sensitivity.

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