scholarly journals RECYCLING OF WASTE TIRES FOR BIO CRUDE FUEL PRODUCTION THROUGH A PYROLYSIS SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (Special) ◽  
pp. 3-21-3-30
Author(s):  
Dunya A. Khalaf ◽  
◽  
Zaidoon N. Aboodi ◽  
Saadi M. Daher ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Pyrolysis Oil ◽  
Waste Tires ◽  
Valuable Compounds

Recycling of solid waste is one of the most valuable method which is used in worldwide for integral solid waste management. Waste tires are considered to be a source of energy and valuable chemical products. In this study waste tire samples of mixed types (passenger, truck, and heavy vehicles etc.) were decomposed thermally in a fixed bed reactor made up of stainless steel placed inside an electrical heater. Thermal pyrolysis on tire waste samples with (1-2) cm of particle size was carried out at temperatures of 330 ᵒC, 430ᵒC, 530ᵒC, and 630 ᵒC under Argon flow rate of 0.5 L/min and retention time of 15 min to study the effect of temperature on the distribution of pyrolysis products yield. Three main products were obtained by tire pyrolysis pyro oil, gas, and solid residue. Chemical compositions of pyrolysis oil product were characterized by Gas chromatography mass and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses, it is a complex mixture of alkane, alkene, cycloalkane, cycloalkane, alcohol, ester, and aromatic compounds which are preferable in fuel. If found that a limonene compound occupies the largest proportion of the oil product which is considered as a more valuable compounds.

Study of Catalytic Pyrolysis of Chlorella with γ-Al2O3 Catalyst

2013 ◽  
Vol 873 ◽  
pp. 562-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Liu ◽  
Xia Li ◽  
Qing Jie Guo
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Molecular Sieve ◽  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Pyrolysis Oil ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Lower Viscosity ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Liquid Yield

Chlorella samples were pyrolysed in a fixed bed reactor with γ-Al2O3 or ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst at 600°C. Liquid oil samples was collected from pyrolysis experiments in a condenser and characterized for water content, kinematic viscosity and heating value. In the presence of catalysts , gas yield decreased and liquid yield increased when compared with non-catalytic pyrolysis at the same temperatures. Moreover, pyrolysis oil from catalytic with γ-Al2O3 runs carries lower water content and lower viscosity and higher heating value. Comparison of two catalytic products, the results were showed that γ-Al2O3 has a higher activity than that of ZSM-5 molecular sieve. The acidity distribution in these samples has been measured by t.p.d, of ammonia, the γ-Al2O3 shows a lower acidity. The γ-Al2O3 catalyst shows promise for production of high-quality bio-oil from algae via the catalytic pyrolysis.

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature on Plasma-Assisted Catalytic Cracking of Palm Oil into Biofuels

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Istadi ◽  
Teguh Riyanto ◽  
Luqman Buchori ◽  
Didi Dwi Anggoro ◽  
Roni Ade Saputra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Catalytic Cracking ◽  
Plasma Reactor ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Liquid Product ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Catalytic Reactor ◽  
Catalytic Role ◽  
Reactor Temperature

Plasma-assisted catalytic cracking is an attractive method for producing biofuels from vegetable oil. This paper studied the effect of reactor temperature on the performance of plasma-assisted catalytic cracking of palm oil into biofuels. The cracking process was conducted in a Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD)-type plasma reactor with the presence of spent RFCC catalyst. The reactor temperature was varied at 400, 450, and 500 ºC. The liquid fuel product was analyzed using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to determine the compositions. Result showed that the presenceof plasma and catalytic role can enhance the reactor performance so that the selectivity of the short-chain hydrocarbon produced increases. The selectivity of gasoline, kerosene, and diesel range fuels over the plasma-catalytic reactor were 16.43%, 52.74% and 21.25%, respectively, while the selectivity of gasoline, kerosene and diesel range fuels over a conventional fixed bed reactor was 12.07%, 39.07%, and 45.11%, respectively. The increasing reactor temperature led to enhanced catalytic role of cracking reaction,particularly directing the reaction to the shorter hydrocarbon range. The reactor temperature dependence on the liquid product components distribution over the plasma-catalytic reactor was also studied. The aromatic and oxygenated compounds increased with the reactor temperature.©2020. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved

Optimal Design, Modeling and Simulation of an Ethanol Steam Reforming Reactor

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis E Arteaga ◽  
Luis M Peralta ◽  
Yannay Casas ◽  
Daikenel Castro
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Design Patterns ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Ethanol Conversion ◽  
Renewable Hydrogen

The optimum design, modeling and simulation of a fixed bed multi-tube reformer for the renewable hydrogen production are carried out in the present paper. The analogies between plug flow model and a fixed bed reactor are used as design patterns. The steam reformer is designed to produce enough hydrogen to feed a 200kW fuel cell system (>2.19molH/s) and considering 85% of fuel utilization in the cell electrodes. The reactor prototype is optimized and then analyzed using a multiphysics and axisymmetric model, implemented on FEMLABM(R) where the differential mass balance by convection-diffusion and the energy balance for convection-conduction are solved. The temperature profile is controlled to maximize hydrogen production. The catalyst bed internal profiles and the effect of temperature on ethanol conversion and carbon monoxide production are discussed as well.

Effects of Gangue on Pyrolysis of Municipal Solid Waste

2013 ◽  
Vol 779-780 ◽  
pp. 1394-1397
Author(s):  
Jin Wei Jia ◽  
Xin Qian Shu ◽  
He Long Hui ◽  
Xing Min Fu ◽  
Shu Cheng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Pyrolysis Product ◽  
Char Yield ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Gaseous Products ◽  
Pyrolytic Reaction ◽  
Liquid Yield

To investigate the effects of gangue on pyrolysis of municipal solid waste (MSW), pyrolysis of MSW with gangue has been conducted by TG and fixed-bed reactor, respectively. The effect of gangue on pyrolysis product yields and compositions of gaseous products was investigated and the obtained results were compared with similar experiments without gangue. It was shown that gangue can improve the pyrolytic reaction of MSW, reduce the char yield, increase the liquid yield. And influences of gangue on yields of H2, CO, CH4 and CO2 were more apparent, the yields of H2, CO and CO2 with gangue were improved 12.5%, 11.8% and 175%, respectively, conversely, the yield of CH4 was reduced 15.4% compared with no gangue.

Effect of Temperature on the Pyroligneous Oil from Selected Tropical Woody Biomass in a Fixed-Bed Reactor

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Isaac Femi Titiladunayo ◽  
Olorunnisola Peter Fapetu ◽  
James Sunday Fabiyi
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Woody Biomass ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Effect Of Temperature

Characteristics of Gaseous Produced from Co-Pyrolysis of Municipal Solid Waste and Corn Stalk

2014 ◽  
Vol 1010-1012 ◽  
pp. 947-951
Author(s):  
Jin Wei Jia ◽  
Ming Yuan Lu ◽  
Yue Fu Yuan ◽  
Lu Liu ◽  
Feng Sheng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Pyrolysis Product ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Corn Stalk ◽  
Product Yields ◽  
Gaseous Products

An experimental study on co-pyrolysis of municipal solid waste and corn stalk was performed in a fixed-bed reactor under atmospheric pressure. The effect of different blending ratio on the pyrolysis product yields and compositions of the gaseous products was investigated. The results indicated that there exist synergetic effects in the co-pyrolysis of municipal solid waste and corn stalk. Under the different blending ratio conditions, the char and liquid yields were lower than the theoretical values calculated on pyrolysis of each individual municipal solid waste and corn stalk, and consequently the gas yields were higher. H2 and CH4 obtained co-pyrolysis at 800°C-900°C of 40% blending ratio conditions were higher than those of municipal solid waste and corn stalk alone.

Catalytic Vapor Phase Nitroxidation of p-Xylene: a New Route for Synthesis of Terephthalic Acid and Poly(ethylene Terephthalate)

1992 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 603-607
Author(s):  
Vandana Kala ◽  
R. Prasad ◽  
A. L. Sharma ◽  
J. Mathew
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Oxide Catalyst ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Atomic Ratio ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Poly Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Metal Support Interaction ◽  
Metal Support ◽  
Poly Ethylene

We have examined catalytic transformation of p-xylene into terephthalonitrile with nitric oxide (NO) over an aluminium oxide-supported ferric oxide catalyst using a fixed bed reactor in a temperature range of 320-460°c under atmospheric pressure. We achieved a maximum conversion of 80% with an Al2O3:Fe2O3 catalyst having an Al:Fe atomic ratio of nearly 1:1 at a temperature of 360°c with a NO: p-xylene mole ratio of 54.60. We studied the effect of temperature and NO: p-xylene mole ratio on the conversion to terephthalonitrile. Using Mössbauer and IR spectra of the catalysts, we concluded that Al2O3 not only provides a larger surface for the iron oxide catalyst, but also increases its activity by interacting with Fe2O3 and upholds the theory of metal support interaction.

Influence of particle size on pyrolysis and gasification performance of municipal solid waste in a fixed bed reactor

2010 ◽  
Vol 101 (16) ◽  
pp. 6517-6520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siyi Luo ◽  
Bo Xiao ◽  
Zhiquan Hu ◽  
Shiming Liu ◽  
Yanwen Guan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor

scholarly journals The Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature on Copyrolysis of Lignite and Pistachio Seed in a Fixed-bed Reactor

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
Özlem Onay
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Pyrolysis Oil ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
Experimental Conditions

Co-pyrolysis of lignite and pistachio seed (CPLPS) under nitrogen gas was performed in a Heinze retort. The effect of pyrolysis temperature on product distribution of CPLPS investigated under heating rate of 10°Cmin-1 and blending ratio of 50(wt)%. Biomass is higher yield to be pyrolyzed than lignite and addition of biomass promotes the pyrolysis of lignite. In the range of the experimental conditions investigated the yield of the product is proportional to pyrolysis temperature. On the other hand, considerable synergetic effects were observed during the co-pyrolysis in a fixed bed reactor leading to increase in oil yield. Maximum pyrolysis oil yield of 27.2% was obtained at pyrolysis temperature of 550°C. The obtained oils are characterized by GC, and elemental analysis.

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