scholarly journals Local Self-Governments in Dealing with Mass Migrations and Integration of Migrants in Hungary

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-472
Author(s):  
István Temesi
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Coherent System ◽  
The Government ◽  
Centralized System

In Hungary migration is an issue almost exclusively and entirely managed by the central government through its agencies. The policy on migration and its implementation are decisively handled by the government. The legal background is arranged through legislation that serves political purposes: a coherent system of new legislative acts and decrees were passed, and others were modified. The implementation of this disposition is realized by authorities directly controlled by the government, including the decisions made on requests for asylum, other types of recognition, or for subsidies. In this centralized system, not much is left to do for local self-governments. Legislation deprived local self-governments of the possible instruments that would serve the management of migration. The decision makers of local self-governments are strongly influenced by the central political guidelines, as well as by the local population. Thus, the issue of supporting the integration of migrants by Hungarian local self-governments is very difficult to examine.

scholarly journals Proses Administrasi Kurikulum

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANNISA
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Administrative Authority ◽  
Quality Requirements ◽  
Decentralized System ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Dynamic Cycle ◽  
Centralized System

Considering that the Government of the Republic of Indonesia consists of the central government and regional governments, the administrative system also "adjusts so that a centralized system and a decentralized system are subjected. The system of centralized centralization is a system that refers to the administrative authority that is in the central government. Whereas the decentralized system is a system referring to the administrative authority that is in the regional government The implementation of the two administrative systems is a dynamic cycle and administrative mechanism, one related to each other and supporting each other In relation to the administration of educational programs (administration of curriculum), in Indonesia both systems have been applied The application is intended to support the integration and harmony in the implementation of education or curriculum that is realized through the quality requirements and management authority.

Reforming the government budgeting system in Malta

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 518-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Ellul ◽  
Ron Hodges
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
Economic Forces ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the pre-adoption phase of budgetary reform. Perspectives on the introduction and use of performance information in budgeting are obtained through interviews with current and former senior politicians and civil servants in Malta. Institutional theories are used to analyse the pressures that are perceived as promoting or inhibiting reforms. Design/methodology/approach The research followed a qualitative approach, using data gathered from documentary sources and empirical evidence collected from semi-structured interviews. Documentary sources were used to provide knowledge, obtaining an understanding of budgeting processes in the Maltese central government. Two categories of interviewee are identified in the analysis: political interviewees, consisting of 7 politicians; and administrative interviewees consisting of 13 senior civil servants. Findings The authors find that the current line-item budgeting system is deeply embedded into government practices. Malta’s membership of the European Union and its adoption of the Euro support coercive pressures for reductions in fiscal deficits. Normative pressures appear to be significant and may have a longer-term impact in promoting budgeting reform. Originality/value This paper contributes to existing performance-based budgeting literature by studying the pre-adoption phase which has rarely been the focus of previous studies. The study delves into the interaction between institutional and economic forces, an aspect which has been inadequately studied. The access to current and former Prime Ministers and other Ministers of State in this study is unusual. As such, the researchers have been able to obtain the perceptions of political decision makers in a way that might be more difficult to do in larger countries.

scholarly journals NEGARA DAN PENDIDIKAN, SENTRALISASI DAN DESENTRALISASI PENDIDIKAN, MANAJEMEN BERBASIS SEKOLAH

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-300
Author(s):  
Suwardi Suwardi
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Interpersonal Skills ◽  
Central Government ◽  
The United States ◽  
School Level ◽  
School Based ◽  
Freedom Of Thought ◽  
School Based Management ◽  
The Government ◽  
Centralized System

Thus, as an impact of the centralistic education system, efforts to create education that can give birth to human figures who have freedom of thought, are able to solve problems independently, work and live in creative groups full of initiative and desire, have adequate interpersonal skills as a provision for society. it becomes very difficult to realize. Centralization was widely used by the government before regional autonomy. The weakness of the centralized system is where a local government policy and decision is produced by people who are in the central government so that the time to decide on something is longer. Indonesia as a developing country with various socio-cultural characteristics in common, also follows a centralized system that has long been developed in developing countries. Thus, as an impact of the centralized education system, efforts to create education that can give birth to human figures who have freedom of thought, are able to solve problems independently, work and live in creative groups full of initiative and passion, have adequate interpersonal skills as a provision for society to become very difficult to materialize. As a consequence, the implementation of education in Indonesia is completely uniform, decisions from above, such as a uniform curriculum regardless of the level of relevance to children's lives and their environment. As a consequence, the position and role of students tend to be used as objects so that those who have the opportunity to develop their creativity and interests are in accordance with their talents. The term school-based management is a translation of school-based management. This term first appeared in the United States when people began to question the relevance of education to the demands and development of local communities. SBM is a new paradigm in the world of education, which provides broad autonomy at the school level (community involvement) in the framework of national education policies. Autonomy is given so that schools can freely manage resources and financial resources by allocating them according to priority needs, and are more responsive to local needs.

‘It Is Necessary to Find a Way Out Soon, or the Russian People Shall Be Destroyed’: A ‘Plain-Speaking Petition’ to Authority of a Kozelsk Citizen in March 1919

2018 ◽  
pp. 123-134
Author(s):  
Irina B. Belova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Death Rate ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Rural Youth ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Russian People ◽  
The Government ◽  
Local Leaders ◽  
Active Citizen ◽  
Heavy Mortality

The article studies the letter to authority that originated in the Kaluga gubernia, in which a man signed Roshchin expressed his extreme concern about the way the government policy of building a new life was implemented. The Kozelsk citizen resolved to write his ‘plain-speaking petition’ in March 1919, believing that the very life of the Russian people was under the threat. He considered it his duty to report to Moscow about ‘sinful and harmful’ doings in the uezd. He thought that uneducated, ignorant, and experienced leaders of socialism builders were unfit for authority. The peasant youths were bent on destruction of all things, that took centuries evolve, and yet had no clue about socialism. The new authority felt no need in seasoned professionals or skilled managers, its only interest was in making self-profit in troubled waters. Its activities in the sphere of trade and agriculture caused shortages or total unavailability of food and essential goods for local population. Under the new regime in education with its antireligious policy, schools resembled taverns where the songs, dances, and vulgar expressions could be heard all day long. Roshchin noted that health services were deplorable and starvation increased death rate daily. He had no faith in methods of economic management, he observed from the inside, and awaited a deadlock. Thinking over all facts stated in the letter leads to the conclusion that it was written by a passionate and active citizen, who involuntary witnessed and experienced the plight of the early days of the Bolshevik regime: hunger, cold, epidemics, heavy mortality, and total economic disorganization. Seeing ignorance, incompetence, and lack of ability in local leaders, party nominees from rural youth, who, he believed, were unfit to manage and had no good qualities, Roshchin feared to entrust them with his life and future and, seeing no other way, pleaded with the central government to take measures and save the nation. The letter sums up the most crucial drawbacks of the Bolshevik inner policy.

A Study On Challenges Faced By Small Scale Entrepreneurship Management In Tirunelveli City

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (10) ◽  
pp. 244-251
Author(s):  
Dr. V. Sangeetha ◽  
S.Selva Kumari ◽  
M. Deena ◽  
K. Chandra
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Central Government ◽  
New Products ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
The Government

In modern days entrepreneurship are increased and they were faced a lot of issues and challenges. Entrepreneur is one who has creative and innovative ideas for a business. The entrepreneurship reduces the unemployment. The Government was encouraged the Entrepreneurs and give award for them. Main objective for these awards is to recognize the business and business man and improve the marketability introduced new products for a market. The Central Government issues award for entrepreneurs who have a age of 40 years and they must be first generation entrepreneurs. They were holding a 51% of equity and ownership of business and then women must individually own 75% or more of the enterprise.

The Problem of Agricultural Taxation in West Pakistan and an Alternative Solution: A Comment (Notes & Comments)

1973 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-437
Author(s):  
Sarfaraz Khan Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Capita Income ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Water Rate ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Government

In the Summer 1973 issue of the Pakistan Development Review, Mr. Mohammad Ghaffar Chaudhry [1] has dealt with two very important issues relating to the intersectoral tax equity and the intrasectoral tax equity within the agricultural sector in Pakistan. Using a simple criterion for vertical tax equity that implies that the tax rate rises with per capita income such that the ratio of revenue to income rises at the same percentage rate as per capita income, Mr. Chaudhry found that the agricultural sector is overtaxed in Pakistan. Mr. Chaudhry further found that the land tax is a regressive levy with respect to the farm size. Both findings, if valid, have important policy implications. In this note we argue that the validity of the findings on intersectoral tax equity depends on the treatment of water rate as tax rather than the price of a service provided by the Government and on the shifting assumptions regard¬ing the indirect taxes on imports and domestic production levied by the Central Government. The relevance of the findings on the intrasectoral tax burden would have been more obvious if the tax liability was related to income from land per capita.

KUALITAS LAYANAN KETERBUKAAN INFORMASI PUBLIK BERBASIS WEBPORTAL PADA PEJABAT PENGELOLA INFORMASI DAN DOKUMENTASI (PPID) KABUPATEN SLEMAN TAHUN 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
Coni Wanprala ◽  
Isnaini Muallidin ◽  
Dewi Sekar Kencono
Keyword(s):  
Information Disclosure ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Public Agencies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Government ◽  
Data Collection Technique

At present the development of technology and information has reached a very rapid level. Technology and information are used as a service media in the government environment which is also known as e-Government, one of which is the service of public information disclosure. The central government through Law No. 14 of 2008 concerning Openness of Public Information, encourages all Public Agencies including the Sleman Regency Government to make transparency in the administration of the state by utilizing information technology. This research is a qualitative descriptive study which aims to describe the reality that occurs. The object of research in this study is the official website of the Information and Documentation Management Officer (PPID) of Sleman Regency with the domain https://ppid.slemankab.go.id then the Sleman Regency Communication and Informatics Office as the organizer of the public information disclosure program. The data collection technique itself is carried out by means of interviews, documentation studies, and field observations (observations). After collecting and presenting data, then the data will be reduced first then analyzed and concluded. From the results of the study, in general the researchers concluded that the Sleman Regency PPID website had reached the level of qualification to become a quality website, however there were still some improvements and evaluations that had to be done by the relevant agencies in order to be better, namely (i) the website was still being assessed as a one-way service (ii) There are still many OPDs that are not ready to implement PPID (iii) data and information are still not updated (iv) lack of responsiveness of services in requests for information.

From Prime Ministerial Power to Core Executive

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. W. Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Approaches To Studying ◽  
The Core ◽  
Executive Politics ◽  
Core Executive ◽  
The Government ◽  
Different Parts

The core executive is a new concept replacing the conventional debate about the power of the prime minister and the Cabinet. It refers to all those organizations and procedures that coordinate central government policies, and act as final arbiters of conflict between different parts of the government machine. In brief, the ‘core executive’ is the heart of the machine. The chapter reviews the several approaches to studying the British executive: prime ministerial government; prime ministerial cliques; Cabinet government; ministerial government; segmented decision-making; and bureaucratic coordination. It then discusses several ways forward by developing new theory and methods. The Afterword discusses the core executive as interlocking networks, and the fluctuating patterns of executive politics.

Meta-Governance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morten Egeberg ◽  
Jarle Trondal
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Reform Process ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Reform Processes ◽  
The Government ◽  
Central Government Agencies ◽  
Instrumental Control

Chapter 8 draws attention to meta-governance and how the governing of reforms is affected by how reform processes are organized. The chapter asks how reformers can ensure support for large-scale reforms that are likely to attract profound resistance. The focal point of the chapter is a study of geographical decentralization of central government agencies. The chapter argues that successful meta-governance can be provided for by careful organization of the reform process. The empirical case studied is a large-scale relocation of government agencies in Norway during the early 2000s. In carrying out this reform, the government succeeded against the odds. Most importantly, research has revealed huge constraints on the instrumental control of large-scale reforms in general and of geographical relocation of organizations in particular. Yet, this chapter shows that large-scale reforms can be successfully achieved through careful crafting of the reform organization.

scholarly journals Regulatory inspection of registered private drug shops in East-Central Uganda—what it is versus what it should be: a qualitative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Bagonza ◽  
Stefan Peterson ◽  
Andreas Mårtensson ◽  
Henry Wamani ◽  
Phyllis Awor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Nursing Assistants ◽  
Drug Shop ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Drug Shops ◽  
National Drug ◽  
The Government ◽  
Drug Sellers

Abstract Background Regulatory inspection of private drug shops in Uganda is a mandate of the Ministry of Health carried out by the National Drug Authority. This study evaluated how this mandate is being carried out at national, district, and drug shop levels. Specifically, perspectives on how the inspection is done, who does it, and challenges faced were sought from inspectors and drug sellers. Methods Six key informant interviews (KIIs) were held with inspectors at the national and district level, while eight focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted among nursing assistants, and two FGDs were held with nurses. The study appraised current methods of inspecting drug sellers against national professional guidelines for licensing and renewal of class C drug shops in Uganda. Transcripts were managed using Atlas ti version 7 (ATLAS.ti GmbH, Berlin) data management software where the thematic content analysis was done. Results Five themes emerged from the study: authoritarian inspection, delegated inspection, licensing, training, and bribes. Under authoritarian inspection, drug sellers decried the high handedness used by inspectors when found with expired or no license at all. For delegated inspection, drug sellers said that sometimes, inspectors send health assistants and sub-county chiefs for inspection visits. This cadre of people is not recognized by law as inspectors. Inspectors trained drug sellers on how to organize their drug shops better and how to use new technologies such as rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) in diagnosing malaria. Bribes were talked about mostly by nursing assistants who purported that inspectors were not interested in inspection per se but collecting illicit payments from them. Inspectors said that the facilitation they received from the central government were inadequate for a routine inspection. Conclusion The current method of inspecting drug sellers is harsh and instills fear among drug sellers. There is a need to establish a well-recognized structure of inspection as well as establish channels of dialogue between inspectors and drug sellers if meaningful compliance is to be achieved. The government also needs to enhance both human and financial resources if meaningful inspection of drug sellers is to take place.

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