scholarly journals NEGARA DAN PENDIDIKAN, SENTRALISASI DAN DESENTRALISASI PENDIDIKAN, MANAJEMEN BERBASIS SEKOLAH

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-300
Author(s):  
Suwardi Suwardi
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Interpersonal Skills ◽  
Central Government ◽  
The United States ◽  
School Level ◽  
School Based ◽  
Freedom Of Thought ◽  
School Based Management ◽  
The Government ◽  
Centralized System

Thus, as an impact of the centralistic education system, efforts to create education that can give birth to human figures who have freedom of thought, are able to solve problems independently, work and live in creative groups full of initiative and desire, have adequate interpersonal skills as a provision for society. it becomes very difficult to realize. Centralization was widely used by the government before regional autonomy. The weakness of the centralized system is where a local government policy and decision is produced by people who are in the central government so that the time to decide on something is longer. Indonesia as a developing country with various socio-cultural characteristics in common, also follows a centralized system that has long been developed in developing countries. Thus, as an impact of the centralized education system, efforts to create education that can give birth to human figures who have freedom of thought, are able to solve problems independently, work and live in creative groups full of initiative and passion, have adequate interpersonal skills as a provision for society to become very difficult to materialize. As a consequence, the implementation of education in Indonesia is completely uniform, decisions from above, such as a uniform curriculum regardless of the level of relevance to children's lives and their environment. As a consequence, the position and role of students tend to be used as objects so that those who have the opportunity to develop their creativity and interests are in accordance with their talents. The term school-based management is a translation of school-based management. This term first appeared in the United States when people began to question the relevance of education to the demands and development of local communities. SBM is a new paradigm in the world of education, which provides broad autonomy at the school level (community involvement) in the framework of national education policies. Autonomy is given so that schools can freely manage resources and financial resources by allocating them according to priority needs, and are more responsive to local needs.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PELAKSANAAN MANAJEMEN BERBASIS SEKOLAH SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN KEAKTIFAN PROSES PEMBELAJARAN DI PONDOK PESANTREN ISLAMIC CENTRE ALHIDAYAH KAMPAR

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Munjiatun Munjiatun ◽  
Isjoni Isjoni ◽  
Marzuki Marzuki
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
School Management ◽  
School Level ◽  
Government Schools ◽  
School Based ◽  
School Based Management ◽  
The Government ◽  
Increased Activity

The basic concept of school-based management is the transfer of authority or responsibility in school management from the central government to the school level. The background of this research is to find out the authority and responsibility of the government, schools and madrasah committees in school management. The purpose of this study was to: (1) analyze the implementation of SBM; (2) describe the increased activity of the SBM learning process; (3) describe obstacles to implementing SBM, and (4) describe the efforts made to overcome obstacles in implementing SBM. This study uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The data used in this study is how to implement SBM and want to cover the improvement of the activeness of processes, obstacles, and efforts made to implement SBM. Islamic Boarding School in Kampar, Riau Province. The results of this study appear in all students. This learning process is delivered by the teacher. Then the obstacle faced by the foundation for implementing school-based management at the Islamic Center of Al-Hidayah Kampar Islamic Boarding School is the low commitment of teachers. Next, the teacher tries to package learning using various approaches, methods, and media. Variations in the method of discussion and question and answer, choosing words that are suitable for students, which is a means of enhancing students' activeness, in addition to teachers also trying to motivate students by giving stars activeness when there are students who can answer the quiz given by the teacher.

scholarly journals Optimalisasi Politik Pendidikan Nasional melalui Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Irjus Indrawan
Keyword(s):  
Education Policy ◽  
School Level ◽  
Education Quality ◽  
Policy System ◽  
Education Management ◽  
School Based ◽  
The Government ◽  
Education Process ◽  
Centralized System

Centrally system of education which  implemented by the government does not address the needs of the community and students and hinders the occurrence of democracy in the implementation of education, this is because the centralized system forces and applies uniform policies nationally, therefor the target of the central education policy does not reach the target and not as expected because each region has different diversity, interests and potential of human resources and natural resources. In the current education policy, the autonomy of education is one of the positive policies, because it does not stop in districts and cities, but this policy is directly to schools as the spearhead of the implementation of education. One policy system that is considered good at the school level is what is known as the School Based Management Model (SBM). SBM is one model of education management based on school autonomy or independence in determining the direction, policy and course of education. In the process of implementing SBM education, the community must be included, because the community is the first and foremost layer of the education process. This means that the process of education, quality of education, facilities, and goals of education are also the responsibility of the community.

scholarly journals School-Based Management Policy and Its Practices at District Level in the Post New order Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 41-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bambang Sumintono
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Central Government ◽  
District Level ◽  
School Level ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
New Order ◽  
National Education ◽  
School Based ◽  
Implementation Guidelines ◽  
School Based Management

The debacle of the collapse of the New Order regime in 1998 brought signifcant change to Indonesias public sector. Primary and secondary education since 1 January 2001 has been based on the new law about regional autonomy, and administered at district level rather than in the previously centralised and bureaucratic manner. At the school level, ideas about school autonomy emerged and became popular. In particular, the term School Based Management (SBM) was seen as a panacea, and as a result, the central government issued a regulation to implement the practice of SBM. This article analyses the dynamics of the SBM policy as it was interpreted and implemented. The study was approached in two ways: through document analysis of the Ministry of National Education decree 044/U/2002 that promulgated SBM; and by soliciting and interpreting the perspectives and practices of stakeholders at district level through interviews, site studies and document analyses. The study found that the SBM policy as stated in the decree lacked clarity. The decree had been hastily introduced and emphasised structural changes at district and school levels without clarifying its underlying rationale or implementation guidelines.

scholarly journals Proses Administrasi Kurikulum

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANNISA
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Administrative Authority ◽  
Quality Requirements ◽  
Decentralized System ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Dynamic Cycle ◽  
Centralized System

Considering that the Government of the Republic of Indonesia consists of the central government and regional governments, the administrative system also "adjusts so that a centralized system and a decentralized system are subjected. The system of centralized centralization is a system that refers to the administrative authority that is in the central government. Whereas the decentralized system is a system referring to the administrative authority that is in the regional government The implementation of the two administrative systems is a dynamic cycle and administrative mechanism, one related to each other and supporting each other In relation to the administration of educational programs (administration of curriculum), in Indonesia both systems have been applied The application is intended to support the integration and harmony in the implementation of education or curriculum that is realized through the quality requirements and management authority.

scholarly journals Local Self-Governments in Dealing with Mass Migrations and Integration of Migrants in Hungary

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-472
Author(s):  
István Temesi
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Coherent System ◽  
The Government ◽  
Centralized System

In Hungary migration is an issue almost exclusively and entirely managed by the central government through its agencies. The policy on migration and its implementation are decisively handled by the government. The legal background is arranged through legislation that serves political purposes: a coherent system of new legislative acts and decrees were passed, and others were modified. The implementation of this disposition is realized by authorities directly controlled by the government, including the decisions made on requests for asylum, other types of recognition, or for subsidies. In this centralized system, not much is left to do for local self-governments. Legislation deprived local self-governments of the possible instruments that would serve the management of migration. The decision makers of local self-governments are strongly influenced by the central political guidelines, as well as by the local population. Thus, the issue of supporting the integration of migrants by Hungarian local self-governments is very difficult to examine.

The Impact of School-Based Management on School Health

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 368-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam E. Nir
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Teacher Development ◽  
School Health ◽  
Organizational Health ◽  
Student Growth ◽  
School Based ◽  
Integrated Index ◽  
School Based Management ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Centralized System

What are the influences of school-based management (SBM) on schools’ organizational health? This study assessed the effects of SBM on schools operating in a centralized system of education. The health qualities of 28 schools were measured in a longitudinal study spanning 3 sequential years, including the year before introduction of SBM in schools and in the 2 years that followed implementation. The results indicated no significant changes when comparing the integrated index for school health among the 3 years. However, significant differences appeared when the various subsets of school health were compared. The results indicated that teachers put more emphasis on children's outcomes. Yet, at the same time, teachers reported having lower morale and increased bureaucratic load in comparison to the circumstances that existed in their school prior to the introduction of SBM. Implications for student growth and teacher development are discussed.

scholarly journals Calibration of the Online Youth Activity Profile Assessment for School-Based Applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Gregory J. Welk ◽  
Pedro F. Saint-Maurice ◽  
Philip M. Dixon ◽  
Paul R. Hibbing ◽  
Yang Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Self Report ◽  
School Level ◽  
Online Version ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Activity Profile ◽  
School Based ◽  
Calibration Methods ◽  
Youth Activity

A balance between the feasibility and validity of measures is an important consideration for physical activity (PA) research—particularly in school-based research with youth. The present study extends previously tested calibration methods to develop and test new equations for an online version of the youth activity profile (YAP) tool, a self-report tool designed for school applications. Data were collected across different regions and seasons to develop more robust, generalizable equations. The study involved a total of 717 youth from 33 schools (374 elementary [ages 9–11 years], 224 middle [ages 11–14 years], and 119 high school [ages 14–18 years]) in two different states in the United States. Participants wore a Sensewear monitor for a full week and then completed the online YAP at school to report PA and sedentary behaviors in school and at home. Accelerometer data were processed using an R-based segmentation program to compute PA and sedentary behavior levels. Quantile regression models were used with half of the sample to develop item-specific YAP calibration equations, and these were cross validated with the remaining half of the sample. Computed values of mean absolute percentage error ranged from 15 to 25% with slightly lower error observed for the middle school sample. The new equations had improved precision compared with the previous versions when tested on the same sample. The online version of the YAP provides an efficient and effective way to capture school level estimates of PA and sedentary behaviors in youth.

scholarly journals How to Make Physical Activity Promotion Work in Thai Schools: Perspectives of Multiple Stakeholders

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Areekul Amornsriwatanakul ◽  
Narongsak Noosorn ◽  
Kittipong Poonchob ◽  
Rung Wongwat ◽  
Somkiat Sornprasit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Physical Activity Promotion ◽  
School Level ◽  
Information Support ◽  
School Based ◽  
Activity Promotion ◽  
The Government ◽  
Depth Interviews

Background: This study aimed to determine current practice in physical activity (PA) promotion in Thai schools, explore barriers and facilitators to PA promotion within the school setting, and identify strategies to support schools’ future practice. Methods: A qualitative study design was applied comprising document analysis, focus groups, in-depth interviews, and onsite observations. The focus groups and in-depth interviews were conducted with 144 informants, purposively recruited through 24 schools in 4 regions across Thailand. Inductive content analysis was used. Results: Most schools were promoting PA in the absence of written policies, and without an accurate understanding of PA. Nonalignment of school performance indicators and policies, concerns about children’s academic performance, and lack of budget were raised as barriers to PA promotion, whereas strong partnerships with multiple local stakeholders facilitated school-based PA promotion. Mandated government PA policies and more information support were suggested as strategies to enhance schools’ future practices. Conclusions: For PA promotion to be successful in the school setting, significant challenges will need to be addressed. Results from this study help the government and concerned stakeholders to better understand the situation at the school level, and further strive for achieving the target PA levels specified in the National PA Plan.

scholarly journals Implementation of Measures and Objectives of School-Based Management Policies at Junior High Schools in Donggala Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Rismawati Rismawati ◽  
Juraid Abd. Latief ◽  
Muh. Nawawi ◽  
Intam Kurnia
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
School Level ◽  
Policy Enforcement ◽  
High School Level ◽  
Business World ◽  
School Based ◽  
School Based Management

One of the development priorities is the strategy of decentralization by granting the regions the fullest possible autonomy to administer and handle government affairs within the context of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, Today, many new models and principles of management have been used, especially in the business world, to be implemented in the education world later on. School-based management, where policy enforcement operates linearly from policy decisions, implementers and public policy results, is one of the models adopted. The application of the Van Meter and Van Horn Model Policy explains that many interrelated variables affect policy efficiency, one of which is the criteria and policy priorities / steps and policy targets that are the metrics used in this analysis, Technique used in this thesis is a qualitative research methodology with a system of descriptive analysis. The aims and priorities of the MBS program have received a favorable feedback from the education unit based on the study outcomes, but the reaction and level of public awareness have not been ideal. This is due to the lack of socialization in educational units, notably at junior high school level, where expectations and targets have been developed and the policy success can be assessed, although it can not be a certainty that the policy goals will be accomplished. If there is no engagement from authorities or individuals or groups of individuals who are responsible for enforcing public policy at the level of regional government.

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