Bioconversion of Single Cell Protein from Underutilised Seaweed Turbinaria sp. using Natural Palmyrah Toddy Yeast

This study was aimed to produce Single Cell Protein (SCP) from underutilied, abundantly found marine seaweed Turbinaria sp. using natural yeast from palmyrah (Borassus flabellifer) toddy. Turbinaria sp. were collected, sun-dried, ground to powder form and Turbinaria solution was made by mixing distilled water and this was used as a growth medium throughout the experiment without adding any supplements. The experiments were performed in a shaking incubator with the fermentation medium of Turbinaria sp. 100 g/L (10%) inoculated with 10 mL natural palmyrah toddy. Fermentation was carried out at 29o C for 72 h and the crude protein content was determined using Kjeldahl apparatus (38.46%). When the growth temperature was optimised at 35o C, crude protein yield obtaine was significantly increased by 1.36 times than the initial non-optimised condition with temperature 27oC. When fermentation time was optimised as 48 h (44.33%), crude protein yield was significantly increased by 1.14 times than the initial fermentation time (24 h-38.55%). When different combinations of Turbinaria sp. media and inoculum ratio (55:05, 50:10, 40:20, 30:30 and 20:40) were used as medium, crude protein yield was significantly increased by 1.44 times (50:10-43.72%) than the initial media inoculum ratio (55:05-30.21%). When initial pH of the media was changed (5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0 and 9.0), significantly higher relative crude protein yield was obtained with the initial pH value 6.0 (Turbinaria medium-90.97%). Amino acid analysis revealed that the SCP produced from the Turbinaria medium had all the essential amino acids with comparatively higher amount of methionine (3.9%) and lower amount of threonine (0.2%). Vitamin B analysis revealed that SCP yield from Turbinaria medium contained thiamin (0.85 mg/100 g) and riboflavin (3.2 mg/100 g). After the optimisation of culture growing conditions and media composition, SCP production from the excessively grown, underutilised seaweed Turbinaria, was significantly increased by 1.13 times (from 38.46 to 43.72%) with palmyrah toddy mix. Key words: crude protein, palmyrah toddy mix, single cell protein (SCP), Turbinaria sp.

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Addition of Carbon Sources to Pineapple Waste Media in the Production of Single Cell Protein Biomass Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Jurnal Riset Biologi dan Aplikasinya ◽

10.26740/jrba.v2n2.p70-76 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 70

Author(s):

Anggi Nurmalasari ◽

Shinta Maharani

Keyword(s):

Single Cell ◽

Protein Content ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Fermentation Medium ◽

Single Cell Protein ◽

Cell Protein ◽

Fermentation Time ◽

Pineapple Peel ◽

The Media

Single-cell protein (SCP) is the term used for crude or pure protein derived from simple single or multi-celled microorganisms. Pineapple peel contains monosaccharides as much as 10.8% so that it can be used as a fermentation medium in single-cell protein production. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding carbon sources of fructose and sucrose on pH, cell dry weight, and protein content in the manufacture of single-cell proteins. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors, namely the addition of carbon (fructose, sucrose, and control) and fermentation time (24.48, and 72 hours). The data analysis used the variance test and the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) continued to test with a confidence level of 95%. The results showed that the addition of carbon to the media had a very significant effect on media pH, cell dry weight, and protein content. In the medium with the addition of fructose it has a pH of 3.81; dry weight 0.4203 grams; and protein content 69.08/L. Whereas in the media with the addition of sucrose, the pH was 4.33, the dry weight of the cells was 0.3385 grams, and the cells had a protein content of 85.55 mg/L. The addition of a fructose carbon source gave the cell dry weight more than the addition of carbon sucrose

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Artificial rearing of pigs

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn19800023 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 161-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

M. J. Newport ◽

H. D. Keal

Keyword(s):

Nucleic Acids ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Ph Value ◽

Skim Milk ◽

Live Weight ◽

Single Cell Protein ◽

Soya Bean ◽

Cell Protein ◽

Milk Diet ◽

Protein Nitrogen

1. Spray-dried diets were prepared containing (g/kg): dried skim-milk 665, dried whey 65, soya-bean oil 270 (diet U); or single-cell protein (Pruteen; SCP) 308, dried whey 440, soya-bean oil 252 (diet X). The diets had a crude protein (nitrogen × 6·25) content (g/kg) of 250 (diet U) and 240 (diet X), excluding nucleic acids (36 g/kg) in diet X.2. The diets were reconstituted (200 g dry matter/l) and mixtures of diets U and X prepared to give diets supplying 0 (diet U), and approximately 400 (diet V), 600 (diet W) and 800 (diet X) g crude protein from SCP/kg total protein. All diets were supplemented with vitamins, and minerals to equalize the calcium, phosphorous, sodium and potassium concentrations.3. Pigs weaned at 2 d of age were given the diets at hourly intervals on a scale based on live weight. At 28 d age the experiment was terminated and pigs killed 1 h after a feed for a study of protein digestion. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was fed in the diets (0.5 g/l) for 24 h before slaughter.4. Performance of pigs fed on diet V was as good as on the all-milk diet U. Greater levels of replacement by SCP (diets W and X) reduced performance. Mortality was greater on the all-milk diet, but protein source had no effect on the incidence of scouring. N retention (g/d per kg live weight) was similar for all diets but declined with age.5. SCP appeared to stimulate secretion of pepsin and chymotrypsin, and reduced the pH value in digesta in the stomach. Enzyme adaptation may have been insufficient to digest high levels of SCP in the diet, and together with the decreased transit time observed using PEG as a marker, may account for the poorer performance when 600 or 800 g/kg milk protein was replaced.6. Nucleic acids from SCP were metabolized and not retained for tissue synthesis. Allantoin excretion accounted for 75% of the theoretical maximum for complete excretion of nucleic acids, and uric acid excretion was also increased.

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Production of Animal Feed Protein from Vignaunguriculata and Cicerarietinum

International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering - 2 ◽

10.35940/ijrte.b1150.0782s319 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2S3) ◽

pp. 809-810

Keyword(s):

Single Cell ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Animal Feed ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Maximum Yield ◽

Building Blocks ◽

Living System ◽

Single Cell Protein ◽

Cell Protein ◽

Feed Protein

Single cell proteins are rich essentialin nutritive aminoacids,the building blocks of protein are highly essential for the maintenance of the living system. SCP is used as animal feed and dietary rich food for humans. Many raw materials are used for the production of SCP. This work was carried out to extract a single cell protein from yeast using Vignaunguriculataand Cicerarietinums substrate. The maximum yield of crude protein was observed in 15days of fermentation

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PRODUKSI PROTEIN SEL TUNGGAL DARI KULTUR Rhizopus oryzae DENGAN MEDIUM LIMBAH CAIR TAHU

Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) ◽

10.22487/j24428744.2016.v2.i2.5987 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 132-137 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Leny Maryana ◽

Syariful Anam ◽

Arsa Wahyu Nugrahani

Keyword(s):

Single Cell ◽

Protein Content ◽

Skin Diseases ◽

Rhizopus Oryzae ◽

Single Cell Protein ◽

Cell Protein ◽

Total Protein Content ◽

Growth Substrate ◽

Fermentation Time ◽

Optimum Ph

Tofu wastewater is the origination of tofu’s production process that can degrade the quality of the environment if not handled properly. Another impact of this waste is the potential attack that could evoke the diseases such as diarrhea, skin diseases, and other illnesses for people who use the stream flow that has been polluted by this wastewater. However, the high-carbohydrate and protein of this waste may allow it to be used more as a microbial growth substrate to produce a Single-cell Protein. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimum incubation time and the highest protein content of Rhizopus oryzae in the medium of tofu wastewater based on the calculation of protein content percentage and the analysis of cell dry mass. And to know the optimum pH growth with the variation of pH growth which is about 4, 5, and 6. The calculation is performed in accordance with the fermentation time at 24, 48, and 72 hours. Total protein content calculated by the Kjeldahl method. The results showed the highest protein content obtained in the incubation period to 48 hours with an average percent of protein about 0.47%, 0.47%, 0.46% and a mass of cell with an average value of 0.77%, 0, 84% and 0.91%. The optimum pH of Rhizopus oryzae growth in the medium of tofu wastewater is about 5 pH. It can be concluded that the wastewater of tofu potentially used as a growth substrate of Rhizopus oryzae. Keywords: Wastewater of Tofu, Single-cell Protein, Rhizopus oryzae.

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