scholarly journals Increasing photosynthetic productivity of crops as affected by water content in their leaves under mycorrhization of the root system

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (99) ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
S. Dymytrov ◽  
V. Sabluk ◽  
S. Tanchyk
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Leaf Water Content ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Photosynthetic Productivity ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat ◽  
Sowing Seed

Purpose. To investigate the effect of pre-sowing seed treatment with vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) and bacterial preparations on the leaf water content and photosynthetic productivity of agricultural crops (winter wheat, corn, sunflower and soybean) under mycorrhization of their roots. Methods. Field, laboratory, and statistical. Results. The results of studies on determining the effect of pre-sowing treatment of seeds of such agricultural crops as soft winter wheat, common corn, annual sunflower and soybean culturally vesucular-arboscular drugs Mikovital (mushroom Tuber melanosporum VITTAD.) Micofrend (mushroom Trichoderma harzianum. (bacteria Bacillus subtilis Cohn.) on the water content of leaves and the productivity of photosynthesis of plants by mycorrhization of their root system. It was found that the implementation of this measure provides a steady increase in the water content of leaves and the productivity of photosynthesis of agricultural crops. In particular, the water content of leaves of soft winter wheat plants, common corn, annual sunflower and cultivated soybeans for the use of the preparations Mikovital, Mikofrend and Florobatsilin was 1.6–77.3 % more than in the control. According to the indicators of the water content of the leaves, the productivity of photosynthesis of crops increased by 8.3–57.1 % in comparison with the control, which indicates a significant effect of this factor on the growth and development of plants. Conclusions. Pre-sowing seed treatment with vesicular-arbuscular products Mikovital, Mycofrend, and bacterial product Florabacillin promotes a steady increase in the leaf water content and photosynthetic productivity in winter bread wheat, maize, annual sunflower, and soybean.

scholarly journals Ефективність передпосівної обробки насіння фосфатмобілізуючими препаратами пшениці м’якої озимої

2013 ◽  
pp. 19-21
Author(s):  
М. М. Герман ◽  
М. М. Маренич
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
Complete Fertilizer

Встановлено, що передпосівна обробка насіння пшениці м'якої озимої сорту Василина фосфатмобілізуючими препаратами позитивно сприяє збільшенню врожайності зерна пшениці озимої. За даними наукових досліджень встановлено найвищий приріст врожайності пшениці м’якої озимої за застосування бактеріальних речовин «Поліміксобактерин» та «Діазофіт» у дозі 150 мл/т, за внесення повного мінерального добрива в дозі N25P25K25 – на 0,95, N50P50K50 – на 0,95, N75P75K75 – на 0,85, а за внесення 3 т/га соломи із підживленням N10 – на 0,94. «Діазофіт» за внесення повного мінерального добрива в дозі без добрив дає приріст врожайності на 0,86, N25P25K25 – на 0,93, N50P50K50 – на 0,94, N75P75K75 – на 0,87,3, соломи + N10 – на 1,01 т/га. Found that pre-sowing seed treatment of winter soft wheat varieties Vaseline fosfatmobilizuyuchymy drugs positively contribute to the increase in grain yield of winter wheat. According to scientific studies found the highest increase in soft winter wheat yield in the use of bacterial agents and polimiksobakteryn diazofit at a dose of 150 ml/t, making a complete fertilizer dose N25P25K25 to – 0,95, N50P50K50 to –0,95 N75P75K75 on – 0.85, and for making 3 t/ha of straw recharge N10 – 0,94, respectively diazofit for making a complete fertilizer dose without fertilizers 0,86, N25P25K25 to –0,93, N50P50K50 to –0,94 N75P75K75 –0.87 to 3 t/ha of straw + N10 – 1,01 ranged from 0.89 to 0.95.

scholarly journals Increasing photosynthetic productivity of cereal bioenergy crops as affected by the water content in leaves under mycorrhization of the root system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. T. Sabluk ◽  
S. H. Dymytrov ◽  
S. P. Tanchyk ◽  
N. M. Zapolska
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Bioenergy Crops ◽  
Tuber Melanosporum ◽  
Leaf Water Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Productivity ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular

Purpose. To determine photosynthetic productivity of miscanthus gigantheus and switchgrass as affected by leaf water content under mycorrhization of their roots. Methods. Field, laboratory, and statistical. Results. The obtained results indicate that the use of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) preparations Mycofriend (fungus Trichoderma harzianum RIFAI.), Mikovital (fungus Tuber melanosporum VITTAD.), and nitrogen-fixing preparation Florobacillin (Bacillus subtilis Cohn.) helps to increase water content in the leaves of such cereal bioenergy crops as miscanthus gigantheus and switchgrass. In particular, in all vegetation periods, in the treatments with Mycofriend, the water content in miscanthus gigantheus leaves was higher by 11.2–20.1% than in the control, while in switchgrass it was higher by 16.9–20.5% than in the control. In the treatments with Mikovital and Florobacillin, leaf water content ranged in miscanthus from 7.1 to 15.6% and from 5.8 to 11.7%, respectively, and in switchgrass, from 11.6 to 14.7% and from 7.0 to 10.2%, respectively. The photosynthetic productivity of these crops is affected by the water content in the leaves. There is a close correlation between these factors (correlation coefficient 0.95–0.96). Conclusions. Root application of biological plant products Mycofriend, Mikovital and Florobacillin improves water content in the leaves of cereal bioenergy crops, such as miscanthus gigantheus and switchgrass, and increases their photosynthetic productivity.

Influence of pre-sowing seed treatment on frost- and winter resistance of winter wheat after various predecessors

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
A.V. Cherenkov ◽  
◽  
S.K. Gruzinov ◽  
I.O. Kobos ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Sowing Seed

scholarly journals Combined application of organomineral and mineral fertilizers in the fertilization system of winter wheat on the southern black soil of the Lower Don

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Artem Vladimirovich Ermilov ◽  
Roman Aleksandrovich Kamenev ◽  
Anatoly Petrovich Solodovnikov ◽  
Vladimir Nikolaevich Maksimchuk
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
Fertilization System

The article presents an analysis of the determination of the effectiveness of mineral and organic fertilizers on the yield of winter wheat grain. The studies were carried out in 2017–2020 in the Rostov region on the southern chernozem. The object of research was the Doneko winter wheat variety. The predecessor is corn for grain. Ammonium nitrate, ANP fertilizer (16-16-16) and urea were used as mineral fertilizers, which were applied in the fertilization system of winter wheat and acted as a background option in the experimental scheme. ANP fertilizer (16-16-16) was introduced when sowing winter wheat, ammonium nitrate - scattered over thawed-frozen soil and carbamide in the heading phase by foliar method. Organomineral fertilizers were represented by the following types: Ruther, Leili 2000, Siamino Pro, Gumiful Pro, Soft Guard and Double Wine MKR (monocaliphosphate) produced by Biokepharm (Switzerland). The raw material for the production of organomineral fertilizers was the algae of the warm seas Laminaria. In the field experiment, the options for the joint application of foliar application and pre-sowing seed treatment with organomineral fertilizers were also studied. The control was the option without mineral fertilizers and the option with the background of the use of mineral fertilizers (farm fertilization system). It was found out that the use of organic fertilizers Ruter (0.5 or 0.25 l / t) and Leyli (0.25 l / t) for seed treatment before sowing, the use of Soft Guard (0.2 l / ha) and Gumiful Pro ( 0.2 l / ha) in the spring tillering phase and in the flag leaf phase against the background of sowing nitroammophoska at a dose of N32P32K32, random fertilizing on thawed-frozen soil with ammonium nitrate at a dose of N40 and the use of carbamide in the heading phase at a dose of N20 increased grain yield on average for 2018–2020 compared with the control (fertilization system of the farm) by 0.73 t / ha, or 23.0%. The maximum yield increase from the root-forming agent Ruther, used for pre-sowing seed treatment, reached 0.36 t / g, or 11.3%.  

he effect of winter wheat seed treatment the growth regulator of Metallocene brands: Melafen-Na, Melafen-Na+B, Melafen-Na+Mo on production processes, productivity and grain quality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya.K. Tosunov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Production Processes

The results of studies on the testing of three brands of Metallocene showed that Melafen-Na+Mo was the most effective, the treatment of seeds with it provided a higher productive stem, the formation of larger in size, water content and grain weight, ears, increased yield and grain quality.

IMPACT OF PRE-SOWING TREATMENT OF SEEDS BY SUPERWEAK ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS OF EXTREMELY-HIGH FREQUENCY ON PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT GRAIN

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Морозов ◽  
Gennadiy Morozov ◽  
Таланов ◽  
Pavel Talanov ◽  
Таланов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Extremely High Frequency ◽  
Sowing Seed

The article presents the results of studies on the effect of pre-sowing seed treatment by electromagnetic impact to reduce phytopathogens on seeds, involvement of plants by root rot and leafy mycosis and improving the productivity and quality of winter rye grain.

Influence of fertilizers on rewintering and productivity of winter wheat of a grade "Kazan 560"

10.12737/3830 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-138
Author(s):  
Сабирова ◽  
Razina Sabirova ◽  
Шакиров ◽  
Rafil Shakirov
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Target Level ◽  
High Nitrogen Content ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrate Fertilizer ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
Favorable Weather

The paper discusses the issues of fertilizers effect on germination, plant productivity and overwintering of Kazanskaya 560 variety winter wheat. The results showed that pre-sowing seed treatment by Humate fertilizer “Bioplant Floro” calculated 0.5 liters per ton increases the seed germination to 4-5%, the accumulation of sugars in the tillering nodes of winter wheat to 10-11%, and the safety of overwintering plants to cleaning to 5-10%. The calculated fertilizer norms allow to get close to planned levels of crop during favorable weather conditions. Treating the seeds by “Bioplant Flora”, the yield exceeded the target level (4.1 tons per hectare instead of planned 4 tons per hectare of grain). An application NPK and ammonium nitrate as an ordinal fertilizer at planting provides almost the same level of productivity of the main fertilizers, calculated to produce 3 tons per hectare. It is undesirable to use ammonium nitrate fertilizer on winter wheat as ordinal, especially after steam cleaner with a high nitrogen content. This can reduce its winter hardiness quality. Good results are obtained by using nitrate in the doze 1 centner per hectare in bulk

Seasonal changes in sodium and chloride concentration of saltbush (Atriplex spp.) leaves as related to soil and plant water potential

1972 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
ML Sharma ◽  
J Tunny ◽  
DJ Tongway
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Leaf Water Content ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Matric Potential ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Plant Water Potential ◽  
Chloride Concentrations

Sodium and chloride concentrations in mature leaves of two Atriplex species, A. nummularia and A. vesicaria, growing on two clay soils were monitored during June 1969 to June 1970. The corresponding soil water content (W-), osmotic potential (π) and matric potential (τ) of soil water, and relative leaf water content (w) were also evaluated. Both the sodium and chloride concentrations in leaves increased progressively with the corresponding decrease in W from September to December, reaching about twice their original values. From December on, sodium and chloride remained relatively stable until April when they started to decline progressively with a steady increase in W. Intermittent rains during summer changed W for short periods, but the leaf salinity remained unchanged. Irrespective of soil, A. nummularia leaves contained more sodium than A. vesicaria, while the reverse was true for chloride. Invariably leaf salinity was strongly correlated with W, τ and π but the correlation with w was significant only for A. vesicaria. Empirical equations fitted to indicate the relation of sodium and chloride to each of the variables and also to multiple regressions of (π τ) and (W, w) are given. Various factors which might be responsible for inducing seasonal variability in the leaf salinity are discussed. It appears that the higher salinity build-up in Atriplex during summer is not only due to increased electrolyte concentration in the growing medium and to high transpiration rates, but is also associated with drought tolerance by these plants.

scholarly journals Influence of magnetic field on change of activation energy during pre-sowing seed treatment

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
V. Savchenko ◽  
◽  
O. Synyavsky ◽  
D. Rosengart ◽  
V. Bunko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Activation Energy ◽  
Magnetic Induction ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Magnetic Field Gradient ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Experimental Planning ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
The Magnetic Field

It is possible to increase crop yields and product quality through the use of electrophysical methods of pre-sowing seed treatment, among which pre-sowing seed treatment in a magnetic field is promising. For successful introduction of magnetic seed treatment in production it is necessary to establish mode parameters of treatment and their optimum values. To do this, it is necessary to establish the effect of the magnetic field on the change in activation energy during pre-sowing seed treatment. The aim of the study was to determine the change in activation energy during pre-sowing treatment of crop seeds in a magnetic field. To determine the change in the activation energy, the change in the biopotential of the seed during its treatment in a magnetic field was experimentally investigated by the experimental planning method. It was found that the change in seed biopotential depends on the square of the magnetic induction and the velocity of the seed in a magnetic field. An analytical expression was obtained that relates the change in activation energy to the change in seed biopotential, which made it possible to establish the dependence of the change in activation energy on the treatment parameters. It was found that the greatest seed biopotential and activation energy change at a magnetic induction of 0.065 T, a magnetic field gradient of 0.57 T/m and a velocity of 0.4 m/s. Under this mode of pre-sowing seed treatment of agricultural crops, the activation energy changes by 3.1 - 5.7 kJ/g-eq.

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