scholarly journals Macroeconomic instability – unemployment

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (99) ◽  
pp. 103-115
Author(s):  
R. Mudrak ◽  
◽  
A. Revutskaya ◽  
A. Osipova ◽  
L. Parkhomenko
Keyword(s):  
Capital Investment ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Absolute Amount ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
Pension Insurance ◽  
State Employment ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Military ◽  
Pension Insurance System

In the Ukrainian economy there is a steady growing trend of the actual values of the indicator «unemployment rate». The main causes of excessive unemployment in the Ukrainian economy are three crises: a) crisis of 2008–2009, caused by the global financial crisis; b) crisis of 2014–2015, caused by the military aggression of the Russian Federation; c) crisis of 2020 caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Economic crises cause a decline in economic activity and falling demand for labor. A particularly negative trend is the growth of unemployment in the age group 35–49. It concentrates the most experienced and highly productive workforce. The Ukrainian economy is receiving a double crisis blow - reduction in production due to the recession and reduction of social labor productivity due to the emigration of the most experienced and highly productive employees. The same problem arises due to rising unemployment in the group of experienced labor aged 50 to 59 years. Once again, there is an urgent need to point out the aggravation of the problem of the deficit of the Pension Fund of Ukraine. After all, the aging of the country's population, rising unemployment and labor emigration cause an increase in the pension burden per employee. This can eventually lead to the collapse of the current pension insurance system. at some stage, a significant part of future retirees, who today in good faith pay contributions to the PFC as employed, will not have anything to pay a pension. On a sectorial basis, the main factors in the growth of unemployment are the decline in production in industry and construction. An increase in capital investment does not lead to a decrease in unemployment. This paradox is explained by the fact that the absolute amount of capital investment in the Ukrainian economy is so small that it does not cause a significant impact on employment growth and unemployment reduction. The main vectors of the state employment policy are: stimulation of industrial production and construction, radical improvement of the investment climate in the Ukrainian economy.

9. Micro-prudential regulation II

2019 ◽  
pp. 407-472
Author(s):  
Iris H-Y Chiu ◽  
Joanna Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Absolute Amount ◽  
Financial Systems ◽  
Liquidity Management ◽  
Prudential Regulation ◽  
Leverage Ratio ◽  
Coverage Ratio ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Global Banks

This chapter discusses other regulatory techniques to control bank risk-taking, many of them developed since the global financial crisis of 2007–9. The Basel Committee has now introduced two liquidity standards for banks as internationally harmonising measures: the liquidity coverage ratio and the Net Stable Funding Ratio (NSFR). Besides liquidity management rules, there are other measures of micro-prudential regulation developed or enhanced after the crisis. One is the leverage ratio, which sets an absolute amount of lending banks can engage in, regardless of risk-weighting. Another is large exposures regulation in the EU, which deals with controlling the over-concentration by banks in lending to certain customers. The chapter also looks at systemically important financial institutions that are global banks with such an international footprint that their vulnerabilities may threaten financial systems and economies more acutely than other banks. Moreover, it illustrates the frameworks for stress testing.

scholarly journals Crisis and the Reproduction of Core-Periphery Relations on the Hungarian Housing Market

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Pósfai ◽  
Gábor Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Housing Market ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Housing Markets ◽  
Uneven Development ◽  
Point Of Entry ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Financial Capitalism

Housing markets can be understood as indicators of the spatial pattern of capital investment under contemporary financial capitalism. We take this point of entry in order to analyze core-periphery relations around the turning point of the global financial crisis of 2007–2008 on the Hungarian housing market. The instance of crisis sheds light on patterns of homogenization and differentiation; the effects of which can be understood by exploring housing market activity on various scales from the European to the local/regional. We argue that these two patterns of uneven development are inextricably linked and result in deepening sociospatial polarization.

“Make More Offensive Moves”

2021 ◽  
pp. 183-207
Author(s):  
Rush Doshi
Keyword(s):  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Military Strategy ◽  
Force Structure ◽  
Surface Vessels ◽  
Chinese Military ◽  
Regional Order ◽  
Amphibious Warfare ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Military

Chapter 8 focuses on the military components of China’s grand strategy to build regional order. It argues that the Global Financial Crisis accelerated a shift in Chinese military strategy away from a singular focus on blunting American power through sea denial to a new focus on building order through sea control. China now sought the capability to hold distant islands, safeguard sea lines, intervene in neighboring countries, and provide public security goods. For those missions, China needed a different force structure, one that it had previously postponed for fear it would be vulnerable to the United States and unsettle its neighbors. These were risks a more confident Beijing was now willing to accept. China promptly stepped up investments in aircraft carriers, capable surface vessels, amphibious warfare, marines, and overseas bases—all with the goal of building regional order.

scholarly journals Quality of Workplaces As One of the Basic Conditions for Effective Employment of the One-Industry Town Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-62
Author(s):  
Одегов ◽  
YUriy Odyegov ◽  
Павлова ◽  
V. Pavlova
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Business Creation ◽  
Single Industry ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
The One ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

In the article the problem of development of one-industry towns is considered. As a result of the global financial crisis, which led to partial or absolute suspension of the core enterprises in 2008-2009, was disrupted the livelihoods of many company towns, in which the currently focused 24% of the urban population. Single-industry cities make up 14% of all cities in the country, which is home to about 35 million people [1]. To overcome the negative effects of the crisis on the life of single-industry towns of Russia is possible, according to the authors, the implementation of structural changes in the economy and in the provision of services to the population. This cannot be achieved without improving the employment structure of the population. In this regard the employment policy of single-industry towns should consider measures for the development of new forms of labor organization, small and medium business, creation of new jobs.

On the formation of a New Paradigm of fiscal Policy

2013 ◽  
pp. 152-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Senchagov
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Domestic Demand ◽  
Real Economy ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Monetary Aggregate ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

Due to Russia’s exit from the global financial crisis, the fiscal policy of withdrawing windfall spending has exhausted its potential. It is important to refocus public finance to the real economy and the expansion of domestic demand. For this goal there is sufficient, but not realized financial potential. The increase in fiscal spending in these areas is unlikely to lead to higher inflation, given its actual trend in the past decade relative to M2 monetary aggregate, but will directly affect the investment component of many underdeveloped sectors, as well as the volume of domestic production and consumer demand.

ASPEK ETIK DAN SISTEMIK DALAM EKONOMI DAN BISNIS ISLAM

ALQALAM ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Budi Harsanto
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Business Ethics ◽  
Moral Hazard ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Academic Journals ◽  
Lehman Brothers ◽  
The World ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

The fall of Enron, Lehman Brothers and other major financial institution in the world make researchers conduct various studies about crisis. The research question in this study is, from Islamic economics and business standpoint, why the global financial crisis can happen repeatedly. The purpose is to contribute ideas regarding Islamic viewpoint linked with the global financial crisis. The methodology used is a theoretical-reflective to various article published in academic journals and other intellectual resources with relevant themes. There are lots of analyses on the causes of the crisis. For discussion purposes, the causes divide into two big parts namely ethics and systemic. Ethics contributed to the crisis by greed and moral hazard as a theme that almost always arises in the study of the global financial crisis. Systemic means that the crisis can only be overcome with a major restructuring of the system. Islamic perspective on these two aspect is diametrically different. At ethics side, there is exist direction to obtain blessing in economics and business activities. At systemic side, there is rule of halal and haram and a set of mechanism of economics system such as the concept of ownership that will early prevent the seeds of crisis. Keywords: Islamic economics and business, business ethics, financial crisis 

Mobilising resiliency in times of economic hardship: Emerging themes in migrant worker remittance payments

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-167
Author(s):  
Kevin Garlan
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Migrant Worker ◽  
Economic Hardship ◽  
Priority Areas ◽  
Mobile Payments ◽  
Payment Methods ◽  
The Future ◽  
Emerging Themes ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

This paper analyses the nexus of the global financial crisis and the remittance markets of Mexico and India, along with introducing new and emerging payment technologies that will help facilitate the growth of remittances worldwide. Overall resiliency is found in most markets but some are impacted differently by economic hardship. With that we also explore the area of emerging payment methods and how they can help nations weather this economic strife. Mobile payments are highlighted as one of the priority areas for the future of transferring monetary funds, and we assess their ability to further facilitate global remittances.

The Pandemic Exposes an Ailing US Governance Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 119 (820) ◽  
pp. 310-316
Author(s):  
Alasdair Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Political Polarization ◽  
Washington Consensus ◽  
The Past ◽  
Governance Model ◽  
Governance Challenges ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Current Governance

Since the 1990s and Bill Clinton’s embrace of key parts of Ronald Reagan’s legacy, mainstream US governance has been guided by a bipartisan consensus around a formula of shrinking the federal government’s responsibilities and deregulating the economy. Hailed as the ultimate solution to the age-old problem of governing well, the formula was exported to the developing world as the Washington Consensus. Yet growing political polarization weakened the consensus, and in a series of three major crises over the past two decades—9/11, the global financial crisis, and the COVID-19 pandemic—US policymakers opted for pragmatism rather than adherence to the old formula, which appears increasingly inadequate to cope with current governance challenges.

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