Community Structure of Road Associated Avifauna along theUrban Gradient in Mintal, Davao City, Southern Philippines

The community structure of avifauna along the urbanization gradient in Mintal, Davao Citywas surveyed and analyzed. A total of 4,210 individuals from 34 species belonging to 23 fam-ilies were recorded. Seven species are Philippine endemics and five are introduced species.Correlation and regression analysis showed a positive relationship between increasing vegeta-tion cover with species richness and a negative relationship with abundance. Oppositely, in-creasing urbanization (increase built-up cover, pedestrian and traffic rate) were observed tohave positive relationship to abundance but negative relationship to species richness. Thus, the avian community in the urbanization gradient of Mintal, Davao City follows the general ac-cepted trend that in heavily disturbed areas, species richness is at its lowest while total birdabundance is at its peak. This study also suggests the importance of green spaces with lessertraffic rate in urban landscapes that could support higher avian diversity which includes Philip-pine endemic species.

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Avian community structure along an urbanization gradient

Italian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1080/11250009709356221 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 64 (4) ◽

pp. 341-349 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Antonio Rolando ◽

Giovanni Maffei ◽

Claudio Pulcher ◽

Andrea Giuso

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Avian Community ◽

Urbanization Gradient ◽

Avian Community Structure

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Urbanization and species-energy relationships

10.1101/431189 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Lucas M. Leveau

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Primary Productivity ◽

Positive Relationship ◽

Environmental Heterogeneity ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Habitat Diversity ◽

Bird Abundance ◽

Bird Richness ◽

Urban Rural ◽

Energy Relationships

AbstractSpecies-energy relationships (SER) have been used scarcely to predict responses of biodiversity to changes in land use. In this work, two hypothesis of the SER were tested on bird communities along urbanization gradients: the increasing population size (IPS) and the niche position (NP) hypotheses. The IPS hypothesis states that sites with more primary productivity have more individuals, decreasing the probability of extinction and increasing species richness. The HPN predicts that sites with greater primary productivity and environmental heterogeneity allow the availability of a greater variety of resources and the presence of specialist species, thus increasing species richness. The hypothesis of habitat heterogeneity was evaluated by which more complex habitats provide more variety of resources and greater species richness. Birds were counted along three urban-rural gradients in the Pampean region of Argentina during the breeding season. The productive energy was measured from the NDVI and the environmental heterogeneity through the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, calculated with the percentage coverage of different substrates. Bird richness and habitat diversity were higher at intermediate levels of urbanization, while primary productivity had a negative relationship with urbanization. Although there was a positive relationship between bird richness and abundance, there was no positive relationship between bird abundance and primary productivity. Bird richness showed a positive relationship with habitat diversity and primary productivity; although path analysis revealed that the habitat diversity increased bird richness through an increase of bird abundance. The NP hypothesis was the most consistent to predict the bird richness along urban-rural gradients.

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Avian community response to small-scale habitat disturbance in Maine

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z89-057 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 67 (2) ◽

pp. 385-390 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Eric L. Derleth ◽

Daniel G. McAuley ◽

Thomas J. Dwyer

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Community Structure ◽

Bird Species ◽

Forest Edge ◽

Community Response ◽

Small Scale ◽

Avian Community ◽

Point Counts ◽

Clear Cut ◽

Avian Community Structure

The effects of small clearcuts (1–8 ha) on avian communities in the forest of eastern Maine were studied using point counts during spring 1978 – 1981. Surveys were conducted in uncut (control) and clear-cut (treatment) plots in three stand types: conifer, hardwood, and mixed growth. We used a mark –recapture model and its associated jackknife species richness estimator [Formula: see text], as an indicator of avian community structure. Increases in estimated richness [Formula: see text] and Shannon–Weaver diversity (H′) were noted in the treated hardwood and mixed growth, but not in the conifer stands. Seventeen avian species increased in relative abundance, whereas two species declined. Stand treatment was associated with important changes in bird species composition. Increased habitat patchiness and the creation of forest edge are hypothesized as causes for the greater estimates of richness and diversity.

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The function-dominance correlation drives the direction and strength of biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships

10.22541/au.161840547.77863878/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Michael Crawford ◽

Kathryn Barry ◽

Adam Clark ◽

Caroline Farrior ◽

Jessica Hines ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Community Composition ◽

Ecosystem Functioning ◽

Positive Relationship ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Positive Function ◽

Primary Determinant ◽

Local Species ◽

Biodiversity Change ◽

The Relationship

Community composition is a primary determinant of how biodiversity change influences ecosystem functioning and, therefore, the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (BEF). We examine the consequences of community composition across six structurally realistic plant community models. We find that a positive correlation between species’ functioning in monoculture vs. their dominance in mixture with regards to a specific function (the “function-dominance correlation”) generates a positive relationship between realized diversity and ecosystem functioning across species richness treatments. However, because realised diversity declines when few species dominate, a positive function-dominance correlation generates a negative relationship between realized diversity and ecosystem functioning within species richness treatments. Removing seed inflow strengthens the link between the function-dominance correlation and BEF relationships across species richness treatments but weakens it within them. These results suggest that changes in species’ identities in a local species pool may more strongly affect ecosystem functioning than changes in species richness.

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ESTRUCTURA DE LA COMUNIDAD DE AVIFAUNA ASOCIADA AL MANGLAR EL CONCHALITO, BCS, MÉXICO BAJO DIFERENTES CONDICIONES DE MAREA

CICIMAR Oceánides ◽

10.37543/oceanides.v32i1.191 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 01

Author(s):

Gerardo Verdugo Díaz ◽

Sofia Aytana Verdugo Moreno ◽

Danna Esthela Rodríguez Olachea ◽

Erick Rodrigo Ojeda Ramos

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Community Structure ◽

Chlorophyll A ◽

Noise Level ◽

Zenaida Asiatica ◽

Avian Community ◽

Ceryle Alcyon ◽

Egretta Rufescens ◽

Egretta Thula ◽

Avian Community Structure

RESUMEN. El estudio de la estructura de comunidades de aves está relacionado con su relevante papel en el ecosistema, y cobra mayor importancia cuando se hallan expuestas al daño colateral por actividades antropogénicas. Esta investigación tuvo por objetivo determinar la variación de la estructura en la comunidad de aves en el manglar de El Conchalito, BCS, mediante la aplicación de índices ecológicos como diversidad (H´), dominancia (D) e índice de valor biológico (IVB), durante abril-julio de 2016 en la temporada de transición primavera - verano. Para describir el marco ambiental, se realizaron mediciones de temperatura, nivel de ruido y clorofila a. Igualmente, se utilizaron datos climatológicos. Se registraron 15 especies de aves acuáticas, marinas y/o costeras (5 órdenes, 7 familias y 9 géneros) y 3 especies de aves terrestres (2 órdenes, 2 familias, 3 géneros). Las máximas abundancias de aves se registraron durante los primeros muestreos. La diversidad osciló entre H´= 1.1 y H´= 1.8, con máximos al inicio y final del periodo de estudio. Esto se relaciona con mareas bajas e incremento en la riqueza de especies, respectivamente. El nivel de ruido y concentración de clorofila a no se asociaron directamente con los cambios observados en la estructura de la comunidad. La riqueza específica se asoció de manera directa con el incremento de temperatura. Las especies de aves más importantes fueron: Egretta thula (96.9%), Zenaida asiatica (88.7%), Numenius phaeopus (86.8%) y Egretta rufescens (83.8); de menor importancia fue Ceryle alcyon (28.2). Se identificaron 3 especies sujetas a protección (NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010). Avifaunal community structure associated to El Conchalito mangrove, BCS, Mexico under different tide conditionsABSTRACT. The importance in the study of avian community structure relates to their relevant role in the ecosystem. Specially, when they are exposed to collateral damage by anthropogenic activities. The goal of this research was to determine the variation of avian community structure in the mangrove forest El Conchalito, BCS through the use of ecological indices such as diversity (H’), dominance (D), and the biological value index (IVB) in April-June of 2016 during the seasonal transition from Spring-Summer. To describe the environmental frame, measurements of temperature, noise level, and chlorophyll a were made, and other climatological data were used. A total of 15 species of aquatic, marine or shore birds were recorded (5 orders, 7 families and 9 genera), and 3 species of terrestrial birds (2 orders, 2 families and 3 genera). Maximum bird abundances were observed during the first sampling. Diversity values varied between H´= 1.1 and H´= 1.8, with maxima at the beginning and at the end of the study period. This was related with the low tides and the increase of species richness, respectively. Noise level and chlorophyll a concentration, were not associated directly with the changes observed in the community structure. Species richness was associated directly with temperature increase. The most important bird species were: Egretta thula (96.9%), Zenaida asiatica (88.7%), Numenius phaeopus (86.8%), and Egretta rufescens (83.8); less important was Ceryle alcyon (28.2). Three species protected under NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010

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Organization-Based Self-Esteem Affects Employees' Exchange Relationship Perceptions and Extrarole Behavior

Social Behavior and Personality An International Journal ◽

10.2224/sbp.2016.44.3.509 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 509-517 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yanhan Zhu

Keyword(s):

Social Exchange ◽

Positive Relationship ◽

Mainland China ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Moderating Effect ◽

Exchange Relationship ◽

Significant Positive Relationship ◽

Significant Negative Relationship ◽

Practical Implications

The 2 types of exchange relationship perceptions—social exchange relationship perceptions (SERPs) and economic exchange relationship perceptions (EERPs)—constitute the primary concept for understanding individual behavior in the workplace. Using a sample of 581 employees from Mainland China, I explored the effects of SERPs and EERPs on employee extrarole behavior (ERB), as well as the moderating effect of organization-based self-esteem (OBSE) on the relationships between SERPs and ERB, and between EERPs and ERB. The results revealed a significant positive relationship between SERPs and ERB, a significant negative relationship between EERPs and ERB, and a significant moderating effect for OBSE. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.

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Attachment to God and Quest as Moderators of the Relationship between Religious Doubt and Mental Health

Journal of Psychology and Theology ◽

10.1177/0091647121992409 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 009164712199240

Author(s):

Noah S. Love ◽

Cassidy A. Merlo ◽

M. Elizabeth Lewis Hall ◽

Peter C. Hill

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Positive Relationship ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Health Problems ◽

Positive Mental Health ◽

Attachment To God ◽

Religious Doubt ◽

Avoidant Attachment ◽

The Relationship

The present study examined attachment to God and quest as potential moderators of the relationship between religious doubt and mental health. A sample of Christian participants ( N = 235) completed a survey which included measures of attachment to God, quest, religious doubt, and mental health. As hypothesized, attachment to God and quest significantly moderated an individual’s experience of religious doubt. Low avoidant attachment to God (i.e., a more secure attachment) was associated with a more negative relationship between cognitive religious doubt and positive mental health than high avoidant attachment. In contrast, low avoidant attachment to God also ameliorated the positive relationship between affective religious doubt and mental health problems. Low anxious attachment was associated with a stronger negative relationship between both measures of religious doubt (i.e., cognitive and affective) and positive mental health. In addition, high soft quest weakened all four of the relationships between measures of religious doubt and mental health. High hard quest ameliorated the positive relationship between both measures of religious doubt and mental health problems. These results indicate that an individual’s attachment to God and the way an individual is oriented toward religion each play a role in the mental health outcomes associated with religious doubt.

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Employee Behaviors toward Using and Saving Energy at Work. The Impact of Personality Traits

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14123404 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (12) ◽

pp. 3404

Author(s):

Dawid Szostek

Keyword(s):

Personality Traits ◽

Energy Saving ◽

Organizational Citizenship ◽

Positive Relationship ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Organizational Citizenship Behaviors ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Future Research ◽

Citizenship Behaviors ◽

The Impact

The purpose of the article is to determine how personality traits (extraversion, neuroticism, conscientiousness, agreeableness and openness to experience) affect organizational citizenship behaviors for the environment (OCBE), especially in the context of energy saving. The purpose is also to verify the hypothesis that this impact is significantly moderated by individuals’ demographic characteristic (sex, age, length of service, work type and economic sector of employment). To achieve the purposes, a survey was conducted in 2020 on 454 working people from Poland. The analysis was based on structural equation modeling (SEM). The research model assumed that particular types of personality affect direct and indirect OCBEs, including energy-saving patterns. The model also included the aforementioned demographic characteristics of respondents. I proved that personality traits have a significant impact on direct and indirect organizational citizenship behaviors for the environment. In the case of direct OCBEs, the energy-saving items that were most significantly affected by employee personality were: I am a person who turns off my lights when leaving my office for any reason; I am a person who turns off the lights in a vacant room; I am a person who makes sure all of the lights are turned off if I am the last to leave. The strongest predicators were Neuroticism (negative relationship) and Agreeableness (positive relationship) for direct OCBE, but Extraversion (positive relationship) and Agreeableness (negative relationship) for indirect OCBE. The impact of an individual’s personality on OCBE was significantly moderated mainly for indirect behaviors. This applied to all the analyzed demographic variables, but it was stronger for women, employees aged up to 40 years, those with 10 years or more experience, office/clerical workers, and public sector employees. The article discusses the theoretical framework, research limitations, future research directions and practical implications.

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Employees Perception of Training and Its Relationship with Organizational Commitment among the Employees Working at Saudi Industrial Development Fund

International Journal of Business Administration ◽

10.5430/ijba.v8n2p25 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 25 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mohammed S. Alamri ◽

Thamir I. Al-Duhaim

Keyword(s):

Organizational Commitment ◽

Industrial Development ◽

Affective Commitment ◽

Positive Relationship ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Simple Random Sample ◽

Normative Commitment ◽

Development Fund ◽

Perceived Supervisor Support ◽

Perceived Availability

The aim of this study is to examine employees perception of training provided by Saudi Industrial Development Fund (SIDF) and its relationship with organizational commitment. To achieve this aim, the study utilized a questionnaire consists of two validated, well established, international instruments: the first one is the perceived availability of training developed by Newman et al., (2011) and includes 22-item inventory that measures an individual on the training, the second instrument called commitment scale developed by Allen and Meyer, (1996) and includes 18-item inventory to identify a person’s commitment. This questionnaire has been distributed to a simple random sample consist of (200) employees of Saudi Industrial Development Fund. A total of (175) complete questionnaires has been received back at a response rate of (87%). After analyzing data and testing hypotheses, the main results of this study are:• There is a positive relationship between five training-related variables and affective commitment.• There is a positive relationship between two training-related variables (the perceived availability of training and perceived supervisor support for training) and two commitment-related variables (continuance and normative commitment).• There is a negative relationship between perceived co-worker support for training and two commitment-related variables (continuance and normative commitment).• There is no relationship between two training-related variables (the perceived benefits of training and motivation to learn) and two commitment-related variables (continuance and normative commitment).

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The Macroeconomic Determinants and FDI: Evidence from 14 International Alliances

Asian Development Policy Review ◽

10.18488/journal.107.2021.92.69.82 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 69-82

Author(s):

Sujan Chandra Paul ◽

Md Harun Or Rosid ◽

Mohammad Rakibul Islam ◽

Refat Ferdous

Keyword(s):

Unemployment Rate ◽

Positive Relationship ◽

Robust Regression ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

African Union ◽

G7 Countries ◽

Significant Positive Relationship ◽

Brics Countries ◽

Arab League ◽

Asean Countries

This study investigates the relationship between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and some macroeconomic variables such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Gross Capital Formation (GCF), Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing (AFF), Industry, Import, Export, Inflation and Unemployment rate. Panel Data of 14 regional alliances countries from 1990-2018 were collected from The World Bank website. Robust regression models are used in this study. This research found that GDP had significant positive relationship with FDI in all regions except Arab League, EU and G7 countries. GCF had significant positive relationship with FDI in Arab League, BRI, GATT, NAFTA countries & negative relationship in APEC, G7 countries. AFF had significant positive relationship with FDI in BRICS, GATT countries & negative relationship in African Union, ASEAN, BIMSTEC, BRI, BRICS, SAFTA countries. Industry had significant positive relationship with FDI in African Union, BRI, NAFTA, OECD countries and negative relationship in BRICS, G7, G20 countries. Import had significant positive relationship with FDI in African Union, APEC, Arab League, ASIAN, BRI, G7, G20, GATT countries and negative relationship in BRICS countries. Export had significant positive relationship with FDI in BRICS countries and negative relationship in African Union, ASEAN, BRI, G20, GATT, OECD, SAFTA countries. Inflation had significant positive relationship with FDI in GATT, SAFTA countries and negative relationship in African Union, APEC countries. Unemployment rate had significant positive relationship with FDI in African Union, BRI, BRICS, EU, G20, GATT, OECD, SAFTA countries and negative relationship in ASEAN countries.

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