Is It Too Crowded in Here?: In Search of Safety Standards for Pedestrian Congestion in Rail Stations

2017 ◽  
Vol 2648 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-133
Author(s):  
Justin D. Antos ◽  
Wendy Jia ◽  
Jonathan H. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Capital Projects ◽  
Safety Risk ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Special Event ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
Transit Capacity ◽  
Transit Agencies

Many transit agencies have developed measurements of pedestrian crowding in rail stations but lack clear standards for when crowding becomes a safety risk that justifies an operating or capital intervention. How frequent, consistent, or severe must congestion be before a capital improvement is warranted to mitigate a safety risk? How should agencies weigh severe but infrequent congestion against moderate but daily congestion? Adoption of such standards is a critical step for a transit agency in identifying and prioritizing safety risks and capital needs. The Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA, or Metro) uses a variety of methods to measure pedestrian crowding at Metrorail stations on platforms, escalators, and stairs and through fare gates. WMATA has incorporated big data into its measuring of crowding in rail stations and has recognized that using demand on a typical weekday can mask important variations and issues in normal operations. The agency has relied on the Transit Capacity Quality of Service Manual (TCQSM) to establish the capacity of station circulation elements, but the manual’s existing measures do not address questions of the frequency and severity of overcrowding or of what levels of crowding warrant action or capital projects. Although peer agencies commonly use station capacity values consistent with the TCQSM, other agencies have developed specific guidelines for acceptable peak crowding duration and special event conditions. This paper summarizes WMATA’s analytic approaches, including the use of pedestrian microsimulations to derive volume-to-capacity ratios and level of service. The paper concludes by calling for clear standards that consider frequency, severity, and acceptable safety thresholds.

Multimodal Corridor Level-of-Service Analysis

2002 ◽  
Vol 1802 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard G. Dowling ◽  
Douglas McLeod ◽  
Martin Guttenplan ◽  
John D. Zegeer
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Significant Advance ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Highway Capacity ◽  
Highway Capacity Manual ◽  
Transit Capacity ◽  
Levels Of Service ◽  
First Time

The 2000 release of the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) provides for the first time a corridor analysis method that guides users in the application of various chapters of the HCM to the analysis of automobiles and transit in a corridor. Together with the recent publication of the Transit Capacity and Quality of Service Manual (TCQSM), the HCM 2000 represents a significant advance in the direction of multimodal level-of-service (LOS) analysis. However, relatively little guidance is given in either the HCM or the TCQSM on the compilation of automobile and transit segment levels of service into a measure of corridor level of service. In addition, bicycles and pedestrians are ignored in the corridor methodology. A methodology was developed and tested in Florida for measuring and reporting the user-perceived quality of service for highway corridors from a multimodal perspective. Automobile and transit LOS analyses are based on the HCM 2000 and TCQSM, respectively. Bicycle and pedestrian levels of service are based on the bicycle and pedestrian LOS models, respectively. Four classes of corridors are recommended, and the methodology was tested on two classes of urban corridors, with and without a freeway. The methodology is applied in three steps: ( a) corridor definition, ( b) computation of modal level of service, and ( c) reporting of results. The methodology was applied to six case studies throughout Florida at generalized and conceptual planning levels. Conclusions about the methodology were drawn from the case studies; the main conclusion is that the methodology provided a reliable overall indicator of corridor level of service by mode.

Assessing Transit Level of Service along Travel Corridors

2005 ◽  
Vol 1927 (1) ◽  
pp. 258-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaping Xin ◽  
Liping Fu ◽  
Frank F. Saccomanno
Keyword(s):  
Case Analysis ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Transit Planning ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Transit Service ◽  
Transit Capacity ◽  
Recent Edition ◽  
Service Coverage

This paper describes a case study of applying the recent edition of the Transit Capacity and Quality of Service Manual (TCQSM) to evaluate the quality of transit service on several travel corridors in an urbanized area. The study focuses mainly on four level-of-service (LOS) measures: service frequency, hours of service, service coverage, and transit–auto travel time. Assumptions are introduced to extend these measures, which are intended for a particular element of a transit system–-such as stops and route segments–-so that they become applicable for measuring the quality of transit service of travel corridors. An extensive case analysis indicates that all LOS measures are sensitive to various transit planning variables and can be easily calculated with readily available data. The research has also identified a range of issues with the current TCQSM methodology.

Multimodal Level of Service Methodologies: Evaluation of the Multimodal Performance of Arterial Corridors

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (15) ◽  
pp. 142-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Zuniga-Garcia ◽  
Heidi W. Ross ◽  
Randy B. Machemehl
Keyword(s):  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Highway Capacity ◽  
Highway Capacity Manual ◽  
Street Design ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
Current State ◽  
Transit Capacity

The principal objective of this research is to evaluate the multimodal performance of arterial corridors using currently available multimodal level of service (MMLOS) methodologies. Eight different MMLOS approaches are applied to a case study using an arterial corridor section in Austin, Texas. The methodologies applied are: Highway Capacity Manual; Transit Capacity and Quality of Service Manual; Charlotte, NC, Urban Street Design Guidelines; pedestrian and bicycle environmental quality indices; assessment of level of traffic stress; bicycle compatibility index; deficiency index; and Walk Score®, Bike Score®, and Transit Score®. The analysis is focused on the assessment of pedestrian, bicycle, and transit modes. The methodologies are evaluated and contrasted. The paper provides a comprehensive review of the current state of practice of multimodal evaluation and recommendations about the most appropriate approaches to assess multimodal performance of arterial corridors.

Development of Florida’s Transit Level-of-Service Indicator

2000 ◽  
Vol 1731 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Ryus ◽  
Jon Ausman ◽  
Daniel Teaf ◽  
Marc Cooper ◽  
Mark Knoblauch
Keyword(s):  
Service Evaluation ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Cooperative Research ◽  
Transit Service ◽  
Florida Department ◽  
Transit Capacity ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Job Site

Transit availability—the opportunity to use transit service at a particular location—is a key determinant in transit use. If transit service is unavailable near a potential passenger’s origin and destination, it is not a viable travel option. The Florida Department of Transportation’s transit level-of-service (TLOS) indicator is a measure of transit availability that incorporates service coverage, frequency, and duration; the availability and quality of pedestrian routes to transit stops; and population and job density. The TLOS indicator’s basic concept is that at any given minute, a transit vehicle serves a small group of people; that is, those people who could board a vehicle when leaving their job site or residence that minute, walk no more than a specified distance to a transit stop, and wait no more than a specified time for a vehicle to arrive. Geographical information system–based software developed for the TLOS project can be applied to every transit vehicle for each minute in a day. The data can be compiled for time frames ranging from 15 minutes to 1 week to assess the amount of service for each part of a transit system’s service area. The TLOS indicator was tested in Tallahassee, Florida, and produced results compatible with, but more detailed than, the availability measures contained in the Transit Cooperative Research Program’s Transit Capacity and Quality of Service Manual. Potential applications include service evaluation, transportation modeling, and improvement of modal-split calculations.

Estimation of Transit Reliability Level-of-Service Based on Automatic Vehicle Location Data

2005 ◽  
Vol 1927 (1) ◽  
pp. 277-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Camus ◽  
Giovanni Longo ◽  
Cristina Macorini
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Transit Network ◽  
Location Data ◽  
Vehicle Location ◽  
Transit Capacity ◽  
Transit Reliability

This paper concerns transit quality of service and focuses on reliability. Starting from automated vehicle location (AVL) data collected in a case study, the advantages and limitations of the Transit Capacity and Quality of Service Manual (TCQSM) method for level-of-service (LOS) estimation are discussed. In particular, this method is clear, simple, and easy to use, but sometimes it may lead to inconsistent LOS estimations for three reasons. First, it does not consider the amount of delay but considers only the number of trips that are late. Second, it does not adequately address the effect of early departures on users. Finally, it introduces a fixed tolerance (3 min in advance and 5 min late) around the schedule to consider the trip on time. A new service measure called weighted delay index is proposed; it allows these limitations to be overcome. In this paper, a methodology for its estimation is presented, and new LOS ranges and thresholds for reliability are proposed. Both the TCQSM method and the proposed one have been applied to four routes of the Trieste transit network in Italy. The basic data have been collected through the AVL system during the peak hours of a month. The results have been compared with reference to real data, and it appears that the proposed approach could lead to more graduated LOS estimation because of the higher number of parameters introduced in the new transit service measure.

Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan Dalam Pelaksanaan Tera Dan Tera Ulang Alat Ukur, Timbang, Takar Dan Perlengkapannya (UTTP) Pada Bidang Perdagangan Dinas Koperasi, Perindustrian Dan Perdagangan Kabupaten Pacitan

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-173
Author(s):  
Susi Minarsih ◽  
Ary Sutrischastini
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Research Use ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Analysis Instrument ◽  
Service Execution ◽  
Traditional Market ◽  
Convenience Sampling

The aims of this study are to measure the level of service quality and how to improve the quality of service execution in re-measurement tera and tera of UTTP in Commerce On duty Co-Operation, Industrial and Commerce Of Sub-Province of Pacitan. This research’s object is traditional market of Minulyo Pacitan as mains market in Sub-Province of Pacitan with 100 perpetrator people of sample as user/owner of UTTP (ukur,timbang, takar, dan perlengkapannya) with method intake of sampel by Convenience Sampling. The technique of collecting data uses questionnaires and direct interview. This research use qualitative analysis instrument test of validity and reliability to know valid or not and reliabel or not about the questions of questionnaire. Then, this research was done with Servqual method as instrument to do measurement of service quality. The measurement of service quality in Servqual method pursuant to five service dimension that is tangibles, responsiveness, realibility, assurance, and empathy. This research will be measured of gap 5 that is difference among performance and its expectation. Ad for yielded gap from a enumeration of Servqual 5 gap, -146 progressively lower him mount the quality of given service activities. Therefore, its needs the existence of priority repair of service quality, in this case is service of remeasurement tera and tera of UTTP at biggest difference or gap that is at variable of Responsiveness ( Energy Listen carefully) and attribute that has smallest difference that is – 0.44 at dimension question of variable of Tangibles ( Evidence Physical). Keyword: Quality Of Service, Method of Service Quality.

Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Nasabah Tabungan Britama Pada Bank BRI Cabang Fatmawati

Liquidity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
Viva Faronika ◽  
Asriyal Asriyal
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Acceptable Level ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Service Policies ◽  
Improve Service Quality ◽  
Relationship Of

If the customer is greater than acceptable level of service, the cutomer is not satisfied. Conversely, if an acceptable level of service greater than the expectations of customers, the customer will be satisfied. This means that if Bank BRI branch Fatmawati can improve service quality to its customer it will affect the level of satisfaction. In this research found evidence that, in terms of the creation of quality services, Bank BRI branch Fatmawati is one of the branches that participate to implement the established policies and service in accordance with the exiting service standard in the banking world. Amount of influence the determination of quality of service policies applied by the Bank BRI branch Fatmawati indicated by r2. r2 value only 45 % and the rest 55 % influenced by other variables not studied. Meanwhile, the variable relationship of service quality to customer satisfaction can be seen from the values r = 0,67. This shows the value of the correlation coefficient between the variables of service quality to customer satisfaction. This means there are strong relationships between the independent variable X (quality of service) to the dependent variable Y (customer satisfaction). Since r = 0,67 (67 %) greater then 50 %.

Workflow Scheduling for Scientific Application in Homogeneous Cloud Environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
. Monika ◽  
Pardeep Kumar ◽  
Sanjay Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Workflow Scheduling ◽  
Cloud Environment ◽  
Computing Environment ◽  
Scientific Application ◽  
Cloud Computing Environment ◽  
Flow Of Information

In Cloud computing environment QoS i.e. Quality-of-Service and cost is the key element that to be take care of. As, today in the era of big data, the data must be handled properly while satisfying the request. In such case, while handling request of large data or for scientific applications request, flow of information must be sustained. In this paper, a brief introduction of workflow scheduling is given and also a detailed survey of various scheduling algorithms is performed using various parameter.

scholarly journals Planning for the First and Last Mile: A Review of Practices at Selected Transit Agencies in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2222
Author(s):  
Hossain Mohiuddin
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Gap Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Plan Implementation ◽  
Marginalized Communities ◽  
Transit Ridership ◽  
Last Mile ◽  
Transit Agencies

A transit trip involves travel to and from transit stops or stations. The quality of what are commonly known as first and last mile connections (regardless of their length) can have an important impact on transit ridership. Transit agencies throughout the world are developing innovative approaches to improving first and last mile connections, for example, by partnering with ride-hailing and other emerging mobility services. A small but growing number of transit agencies in the U.S. have adopted first and last mile (FLM) plans with the goal of increasing ridership. As this is a relatively new practice by transit agencies, a review of these plans can inform other transit agencies and assist them in preparing their own. Four FLM plans were selected from diverse geographic contexts for review: Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (LA Metro), Riverside (CA) Transit Agency (RTA), and Denver Regional Transit District (RTD), and City of Richmond, CA. Based on the literature, we developed a framework with an emphasis on transportation equity to examine these plans. We identified five common approaches to addressing the FLM issue: spatial gap analysis with a focus on socio-demographics and locational characteristics, incorporation of emerging mobility services, innovative funding approaches for plan implementation, equity and transportation remedies for marginalized communities, and development of pedestrian and bicycle infrastructures surrounding transit stations. Strategies in three of the plans are aligned with regional goals for emissions reductions. LA Metro and Riverside Transit incorporate detailed design guidelines for the improvement of transit stations. As these plans are still relatively new, it will take time to evaluate their impact on ridership and their communities’ overall transit experience.

scholarly journals Thinking about police data: Analysts’ perceptions of data quality in Canadian policing

2021 ◽  
pp. 0032258X2110214
Author(s):  
Christopher D O’Connor ◽  
John Ng ◽  
Dallas Hill ◽  
Tyler Frederick
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Research Culture ◽  
Police Services ◽  
Police Data ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Quality Issues

Policing is increasingly being shaped by data collection and analysis. However, we still know little about the quality of the data police services acquire and utilize. Drawing on a survey of analysts from across Canada, this article examines several data collection, analysis, and quality issues. We argue that as we move towards an era of big data policing it is imperative that police services pay more attention to the quality of the data they collect. We conclude by discussing the implications of ignoring data quality issues and the need to develop a more robust research culture in policing.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document