Acquisition of Case System in Romani Language

Introduction. The paper presents observations of the author on acquisition of case markers in the Romani language of two Roma children from Bulgaria. This is the first study ever done on acquisition of case system of Romani by children in their natural environment. The study is done in one of the biggest Roma settlement of Bulgaria in the city of Sofia. Romani being a new-Indian language has some features from the Indian languages but also adapted some features from some European languages. It has the ability to express one and the same idea either with a preposition or with a case marker. Methods. The author uses the longitudinal observation of the children in their natural environment, where a woman – representative of the community, was trained to audio record the interviews between parents, family members, community members and the children. This method is known from other studies in field of sociolinguistics and psycholinguistics (Labov, 1973) Results. The study is investigating what is used more frequently by the children - prepositions or case markers. For this purpose, the utterances of the parents and the children with case markers and with the prepositions have been analyzed. It was found that in the age between 1 to 2 parents and respectively their children use more case markers. In the age from 2 to 3 children use more prepositions. It seems that Roma children need more experience with the language in order to connect the case marker with the function of the preposition in the Romani language.

Download Full-text

Unlocking the Ik instrumental case

Studies in African Linguistics ◽

10.32473/sal.v43i1.107268 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 26-36

Author(s):

Terrill Schrock

Keyword(s):

African Language ◽

East African ◽

Semantic Roles ◽

Case System ◽

Case Marker ◽

Instrumental Case ◽

Case Markers

Ik, a Kuliak (Nilo-Saharan) language spoken by roughly 7000 people in northeastern Uganda, has up to now been described as having a case system with seven cases (König 2002, 2008). However, evidence from morphophonological variations on case suffixes requires that an eighth case be posited. Based on the semantic roles the eighth case marker encodes, it can be called the ‘instrumental’ case. The present paper provides a brief description of this so-named instrumental case in Ik. It does so by first giving an overview of the allomorphy of all eight case suffixes to provide some analytic context for distinguishing the instrumental from other case markers, particularly the ablative. Then it gives examples of the six semantic case roles that the instrumental case suffix encodes. By introducing an eighth case, the paper shows that a supposed instance of case syncretism (between the ablative and the instrumental) should no longer be thought to obtain in this East African language.

Download Full-text

Racing Indian Language, Languaging an Indian Race

The Oxford Handbook of Language and Race ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190845995.013.20 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 367-397

Author(s):

Barbra A. Meek

Keyword(s):

Native American ◽

The Other ◽

Indian Languages ◽

Indian Language ◽

Popular Narrative ◽

American Heritage ◽

The One ◽

Indian Blood

This chapter is an exploration of how race and language become entangled in representations and ideas about what it means to be seen and recognized as Native American. Most conceptions of Indianness derive from scholarly European-derived representations and evaluations and from popular narrative media, the one often bootstrapping the other. In tandem, these public manifestations perpetuate the racialization of Indian languages and of Indianness, most ubiquitously in and through a discourse of “blood.” Several ideologies configure the racial logic that determines Indianness: purism (percentage of “Indian blood”), visibility (racialized—and cultural—manifestations of “blood”), continuity (maintenance of a pre-contact “bloodline”), and primitivism (expression of indigenous “blood” in and through language). I argue that this “ideological assemblage” (Kroskrity 2018) undergirds the processes of “racing Indian language(s)” and “languaging an Indian race” (H. Samy Alim 2016) that has resulted in propagating conflicts over and denials of Native American heritage.

Download Full-text

The Interlocking Processes Constraining the Struggle for Sanctuary in the Trump Era: The Case of La Puente, CA

Social Sciences ◽

10.3390/socsci10050155 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 155

Author(s):

Gilda L. Ochoa

Keyword(s):

Status Quo ◽

City Council ◽

Gender And Sexuality ◽

People Of Color ◽

Transformative Change ◽

Cautionary Tale ◽

Community Members ◽

White Supremacist ◽

The Status ◽

The City

By 10 January 2017, activists in the predominately Latina/o working class city of La Puente, California had lobbied the council to declare the city a sanctuary supporting immigrants, people of color, Muslims, LGBTQ people, and people with disabilities. The same community members urged the school district to declare itself a sanctuary. While community members rejoiced in pushing elected officials to pass these inclusive resolutions, there were multiple roadblocks reducing the potential for more substantive change. Drawing on city council and school board meetings, resolutions and my own involvement in this sanctuary struggle, I focus on a continuum of three overlapping and interlocking manifestations of white supremacist heteronormative patriarchy: neoliberal diversity discourses, institutionalized policies, and a re-emergence of high-profiled white supremacist activities. Together, these dynamics minimized, contained and absorbed community activism and possibilities of change. They reinforced the status quo by maintaining limits on who belongs and sustaining intersecting hierarchies of race, immigration status, gender, and sexuality. This extended case adds to the scant scholarship on the current sanctuary struggles, including among immigration scholars. It also illustrates how the state co-opts and marginalizes movement language, ideas, and people, providing a cautionary tale about the forces that restrict more transformative change.

Download Full-text

The processing of case in near-native Spanish

Second language Research ◽

10.1177/0267658314563880 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 281-307 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jill Jegerski

Keyword(s):

Second Language ◽

Sentence Comprehension ◽

Native Speakers ◽

First Language ◽

Differential Object Marking ◽

L2 Processing ◽

Case Marker ◽

Object Marking ◽

Case Markers ◽

Ditransitive Constructions

This article reports a study that sought to determine whether non-native sentence comprehension can show sensitivity to two different types of Spanish case marking. Sensitivity to case violations was generally more robust with indirect objects in ditransitive constructions than with differential object marking of animate direct objects, even among native speakers of Spanish, which probably reflects linguistic differences in the two types of case. In addition, the overall outcome of two experiments shows that second language (L2) processing can integrate case information, but that, unlike with native processing, attention to a case marker may depend on the presence of a preverbal clitic as an additional cue to the types of postverbal arguments that might occur in a stimulus. Specifically, L2 readers showed no sensitivity to differential object marking with a in the absence of clitics in the first experiment, with stimuli such as Verónica visita al/el presidente todos los meses ‘Veronica visits the[ACC/NOM]president every month’, but the L2 readers in the second experiment showed native-like sensitivity to the same marker when the object it marked was doubled by the clitic lo, as in Verónica lo visita al/el presidente todos los meses. With indirect objects, on the other hand, sensitivity to case markers was native-like in both experiments, although indirect objects were also always doubled by the preverbal clitic le. The apparent first language / second language contrast suggests differences in processing strategy, whereby non-native processing of morphosyntax may rely more on the predictability of forms than does native processing.

Download Full-text

MEMAHAMI POLA KOMUNIKASI KELOMPOK ANTAR ANGGOTA KOMUNITAS PUNK DI KOTA SEMARANG

Jurnal The Messenger ◽

10.26623/themessenger.v4i1.276 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 44

Author(s):

Aditya Oktendy Saputra

Keyword(s):

Social Networking ◽

Communication Patterns ◽

Communication Media ◽

Community Members ◽

Interview Technique ◽

Real Community ◽

The City

Communications between members of the community in Semarang City Punk and How to use the Punk communication media in the city of Semarang by its members, in order to maintain harmony among communities. The population in this study were community members who live in areas Punk Genuk in the city of Semarang. While as many as 5 samples taken by the informant in-depth interview technique (depth-interview). The pattern of communication is known that a person's personality represents a real community members. the Punk community to gain acceptance from other members, an individual is forced to follow the pattern of communication other community members, so that communication patterns can be understood by everyone or is universal. And by using various social networking Punk community members can communicate with their comrades from other communities to get out of town, in order to maintain the relationship, strengthen kinship and closeness even though they do not have long to meet

Download Full-text

The Rohingya Little Local: exploring innovative models of refugee engagement in Sydney, Australia

Australian Journal of Primary Health ◽

10.1071/py20045 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (5) ◽

pp. 367

Author(s):

Amy Bestman ◽

Jane Lloyd ◽

Barbara Hawkshaw ◽

Jawat Kabir ◽

Elizabeth Harris

Keyword(s):

Community Empowerment ◽

Health Priorities ◽

Community Members ◽

Funding Model ◽

Collective Control ◽

Ongoing Work ◽

Field Notes ◽

The City ◽

Priority Population ◽

Sydney Australia

The Rohingya community living in the City of Canterbury-Bankstown in Sydney have been identified as a priority population with complex health needs. As part of ongoing work, AU$10000 was provided to the community to address important, self-determined, health priorities through the Can Get Health in Canterbury program. Program staff worked with community members to support the planning and implementation of two community-led events: a soccer (football) tournament and a picnic day. This paper explores the potential for this funding model and the effect of the project on both the community and health services. Data were qualitatively analysed using a range of data sources within the project. These included, attendance sheets, meeting minutes, qualitative field notes, staff reflections and transcripts of focus group and individual discussions. This analysis identified that the project: (1) enabled community empowerment and collective control over funding decisions relating to their health; (2) supported social connection among the Australian Rohingya community; (3) built capacity in the community welfare organisation –Burmese Rohingya Community Australia; and (4) enabled reflective practice and learnings. This paper presents an innovative model for engaging with refugee communities. Although this project was a pilot in the Canterbury community, it provides knowledge and learnings on the engagement of refugee communities with the health system in Australia.

Download Full-text

PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI PENDAMPINGAN PROGRAM KERJA BERBASIS MANAJEMEN LINGKUNGAN

JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri) ◽

10.31764/jmm.v0i0.1080 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 73

Author(s):

Novita Wahyu Setyawati ◽

Dewi Sri Woelandari P.G

Keyword(s):

Community Empowerment ◽

Plastic Waste ◽

Community Members ◽

Learning Methods ◽

Value System ◽

Community Awareness ◽

Surrounding Environment ◽

Question And Answer ◽

Control Knowledge ◽

The City

Abstrak: Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk membangun kepedulian masyarakat di Kota Bekasi agar dapat ‘berkawan’ dengan lingkungan sekitarnya untuk mendapatkan manfaat secara langsung. Metode kegiatan menggunakan (1) metode ceramah yakni untuk menyampaikan pengetahuan secara umum tentang hidroponik dan bank sampah disertai dengan sesi tanya jawab dan (2) metode pembelajaran digunakan untuk alih pengetahuan atau ketrampilan dan system nilai yang dimiliki oleh nara sumber kepada anggota masyarakat. Masalah yang dihadapi di lapangan adalah masalah gerakan menanam dengan metode Hidroponik, pengelolaan bank sampah, dan pemanfaatan sampah plastic menjadi produk recycle. Pemecahan masalah yang dapat dilakukan dengan pendampingan yaitu memberikan pengetahuan, pemahaman, dan pelatihan. Kata kunci: Pemberdayaan Masyarakat; Pendampingan dan Manajemen Lingkungan; Hidroponik dan Bank Sampah Abstract: This dedication activity aims to build community awareness in the city of Bekasi to be able to ' friends ' with the surrounding environment to benefit directly. Methods of activities using (1) lecture methods are to convey knowledge in general about hydroponics and waste banks accompanied by question and answer sessions (2) Learning methods used to control knowledge or skills and value system Owned by the community members. Problems faced in the field is the problem of planting movements with hydroponic methods, management of waste banks, and utilization of plastic waste into recycle products. Troubleshooting that can be done with mentoring is to provide knowledge, understanding, and training.Keywords: Community Empowerment; Environmental Assistance and Management; Hydroponics and trash Banks

Download Full-text

Edge Effect: Reconnecting Whangarei's City and River

10.26686/wgtn.17019689 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Alicia Lawrie

Keyword(s):

Social Interaction ◽

Informal Learning ◽

Natural Environment ◽

Beating Heart ◽

Design Solution ◽

The People ◽

People Movement ◽

The City ◽

The Town ◽

Over Time

Whangarei City has a dying Commercial Centre. This has resulted from population shifts that have occurred over time. Significant issues have driven movement of people toward much larger cities (seeking better economic, cultural and social outcomes) and more spacious urban fringes (seeking improved environmental outcomes). The Whangarei CBD incorporates both the dying Commercial Centre and a thriving Town Basin which is the centre for Arts and Recreation within the city. The two areas are a juxtaposition. The investigation reveals reasons why two such contrasting areas exist and defines a design solution that seeks to resolve this and leverages the success of the Town Basin to revive the Commercial Centre. The aim of this thesis is to investigate ways that architecture can be used to invigorate Whangarei’s dying Commercial Centre by creating a place of activity, engagement and informal learning and by re-establishing the important connection Whangarei has with its river as well as other positives within the city. Thesis objectives: • Identify the reasons for the decline of the Commercial Centre and the success of the Town Basin and how a connection can be established between the two. • Establish a beating heart within the dying Commercial Centre and provide a life source in the form of people movement into the centre from all parts of the city. • Provide dynamic spaces which encourage informal learning, social interaction, playfulness and creativity that will engage the people of Whangarei including youth and children. • Use the natural environment as a means of engaging people of all ages by weaving together water, a restored ecology and architecture.

Download Full-text

Habitus, Capital, Agency, and Distinction in Entrepreneurial Field Dynamics: The Case Lafayette

10.31124/advance.13708624 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anderson Sant'Anna

Keyword(s):

Business Environment ◽

White Americans ◽

Community Members ◽

Institutional Dynamics ◽

Business Ecosystem ◽

Starting Point ◽

Individual Variations ◽

History Of ◽

The City ◽

Depth Interviews

This paper aims to investigate process of requalification of economic functions in the ongoing transition to the digital economy experienced by the American city of Lafayette, in the state of Louisiana. As a starting point an extensive analysis of the history of the city and its surroundings was carried out, accompanied by semi-structured and in-depth interviews with respondents involved in the current process of reconversion investigated. In this transition it was relevant the Lafayette's historical, demographic, cultural, spatial, and socioeconomic dynamics. According to Bourdieu's theoretical framework, it was sought to identify the main cognitive categories, both in relation to the socio-institutional dynamics and individual variations, emerging from the interviews. As result, the analysis of the habitus and the main economic, cultural, social, and symbolic capitals mobilized by community members it was possible to identify themes and categories used to describe the local business ecosystem and its components. It was also possible to reveal alliances and disputes that forge and characterize Lafayette's business environment, taking into account relationships among its main historical agents: White Americans vs. Indians, White Americans vs. Cajuns, White Americans vs. Blackcreoles.

Download Full-text

ANÁLISE DA TEMPERATURA E UMIDADE RELATIVA DO ARNO BAIRRO SANTA HELENA NA CIDADE DE OSVALDO CRUZ/SP

COLLOQUIUM SOCIALIS ◽

10.5747/cs.2018.v02.n4.s053 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 18-24

Author(s):

Carlos Roberto Caputo ◽

Margarete Cristiane de Costa Trindade Amorim

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Data Collection ◽

Fixed Points ◽

Natural Environment ◽

Rural Environment ◽

Territorial Expansion ◽

Heat Islands ◽

The City

From the urban territorial expansion, the natural environment wastransformed resulting in changes in the elements of the climate, such as the temperature and relative humidity of the air. Thus, the present study aimedto analyze the thermal and hygrometric field in the Santa Helena neighborhood in comparison to the nearby rural environment in the city of Osvaldo Cruz/SP. For this, fixed points of data collection of these two elements of the climate were used, relating them with the different use and occupation of the landand the characteristics of therelief. The results showed changes in the local atmosphere of Santa Helena, with heat islands and dry islands recorded at 15h, with intensities of up to +4,2ºC and -3,8% respectively. However, at 0h, fresh islandsand wetisland were diagnosed,with maximum values of -4,4ºC and +21,9%respectively.

Download Full-text