scholarly journals Nomınal and Verbal Predıcate Use in Schızophrenıa

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-228
Author(s):  
Ayşegül Özcan Vural ◽  
Gülmira Kuruoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Test Subject ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thought Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Characteristics ◽  
Verbal Predicate ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Picture Story ◽  
Disorganized Speech ◽  
Test Picture ◽  
And Control

Objective. Schizophrenia’s first characteristics invokes the notion of disordered thought and language. Accordingly one of several diagnostic characteristics of schizophrenia is an impairment of verbal communication. To determine the detailed nature of  language impairments taking into consideration these problems the aim of the present study was to analyze nominal and verbal predicate use produced by schizophrenic patients and control group during their speech as both predicates require different processings. Materials & Methods. Fifty patients with schizophrenia diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria were included into the study and compared to fifty healthy subjects matched for age, sex and education level with the patients participated in the study. The subjects’ speech was evaluated by using picture description test, picture story telling test, subject-based narration test and free verbal narration test. The data consisted of 8–10 minute recorded interviews. The recordings were transcribed based on Du Bois’ Discourse Transcription Symbols and analyzed statistically and linguistically. Results. The results showed that the number of nominal and verbal predicates used by the patients with schizophrenia differed from the control group. Schizophrenia patients preferred nominal predicates more than control group in all tests. However, control group used significantly more verbal predicates in all tests. Conclusions. In this study it was hypothesized that language used by the patients with schizophrenia plays a central role in the this disease than commonly supposed and the phenomena of schizophrenic language can be regarded as reflections of a more basic disturbance of thought. At the end of the study based on this hypothesis patients were concluded to have simplified speech in addition to the disorganized speech defined in the field. The reason for this simplification is thought to be because of the predicate processing in the brain. The complement of a verb is always a noun phrase, which can be simple or complex, the patients tended to use nominal predicates more as it did not require any constituents and thus they simlified their speech because of their language and thought disorders.

Somatosensory Evoked Potentials in Schizophrenia a Lateralisation Study

1990 ◽  
Vol 157 (6) ◽  
pp. 881-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Furlong ◽  
Paul Barczak ◽  
Gwilym Hayes ◽  
Graham Harding
Keyword(s):  
Index Finger ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Temporal Region ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
And Control ◽  
Stimulation Of

The SSEPs obtained from 19 schizophrenics defined by RDC, DSM–III and PSE criteria Were compared with those from a control group of healthy volunteers. Previous findings of an abnormal lack of lateralising response in schizophrenic patients were not replicated. No significant difference in either amplitude or morphology between the traces obtained from the two groups were recorded. Ipsilateral and contralateral latencies for stimulation of the left and right index finger showed no significant difference in peak latency for any component between patient and control group. When mean peak-to-peak amplitudes were plotted the contralateral component was always greater in amplitude than the ipsilateral one. An objective measure of the degree of lateralisation, the percentage lateralisation quotient, showed no lateralisation differences between the patient and control groups. A case of myogenic contamination of ipsilateral components was observed calling into doubt findings where no temporal region monitoring has been performed.

The Effect of Humor Intervention Program on Positive and Negative Symptoms among Schizophrenic Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 2022-2028
Author(s):  
Eman Asran Mohamed ◽  
Enayat Abd El Wahab Khalil ◽  
Zeinab Abd El Halim Osman ◽  
Mona Rakhawy ◽  
Naglaa Mostafa G
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Program ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
And Control ◽  
Positive And Negative Symptoms

Background: Schizophrenia is a chronic disease characterized by distortions in thinking, perception, emotions, language, sense of self and behavior. Humor could be used as an alternative to conventional treatment with the goal of helping patients with schizophrenia cope with symptoms, enhance recovery through its emotional, cognitive, social and physiological effects. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of humor intervention program on positive and negative symptoms among schizophrenic patients. Design: Randomized control trial (RCT) design was used. Sample: Purposive sample consisted of 40) schizophrenic patients, the study group (n= 20) and control group (n= 20). The patients were selected and allocated randomly into two groups, intervention group (received the humor interventions program) and control group (received traditional care). The study conducted in the Psychiatry and Addiction Prevention "El Kasr AlAini University Hospital and al Rakhawy Hospital for Mental Health. Tools: three tools were used for data collection were; the Socio Demographic Data Sheet, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Multidimensional Sense of Humor Scale (MSHS). Results: revealed that, there was a statistical significant difference between total score of PANSS between study and control groups post intervention. Conclusion: The present study emphasizes the importance of humor intervention program in reducing severity of symptoms of patients with schizophrenia. Key words: schizophrenia, humor intervention, positive symptoms, negative symptoms

scholarly journals DETERMINING THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN DERMATOGLYPHICS AND SCHIZOPHRENIA BY USING FINGERPRINT ASYMMETRY MEASURES

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (03) ◽  
pp. 601-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEN-FENG WANG ◽  
CHEN-LIANG LIN ◽  
CHEN-WEN YEN ◽  
YUNG-HSIEN CHANG ◽  
TENG-YI CHEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fingerprint Matching ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Orientation Field ◽  
Indirect Measures ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Asymmetry Measures ◽  
And Control

Early detection and intervention strategies for schizophrenia are receiving increasingly more attention. Dermatoglyphic patterns, such as the degree of asymmetry of the fingerprints, have been hypothesized to be indirect measures for early abnormal developmental processes that can lead to later psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. However, previous results have been inconsistent in trying to establish the association between dermatoglyphics and schizophrenia. The goal of this work is to try to resolve this problem by borrowing well-developed techniques from the field of fingerprint matching. Two dermatoglyphic asymmetry measures are proposed that draw on the orientation field of homologous fingers. To test the capability of these measures, fingerprint images were acquired digitally from 40 schizophrenic patients and 51 normal individuals. Based on these images, no statistically significant association between conventional dermatoglyphic asymmetry measures and schizophrenia was found. In contrast, the sample means of the proposed measures consistently identified the patient group as having a higher degree of asymmetry than the control group. These results suggest that the proposed measures are promising for detecting the dermatoglyphic patterns that can differentiate the patient and control groups.

Effect of an Open-Door Policy Combined with a Structured Activity Programme on the Residual Symptoms of Schizophrenic In-Patients

1994 ◽  
Vol 165 (S24) ◽  
pp. 52-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengshu Jin
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Open Door Policy ◽  
Residual Symptoms ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Rating ◽  
Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Fifty female schizophrenic patients on the same locked ward were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Experimental group subjects were given as much autonomy and freedom as possible (they were permitted to leave the ward at will) and were encouraged to take part in collective activities. The control group were not permitted to leave the ward and did not take part in these activities. All patients were evaluated at enrolment and after six months – using Chinese versions of the Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale – by psychiatrists who were blind to patients' treatment status. After the six-month intervention the severity of all types of both negative and positive symptoms and the mean dosage of medication in the experimental group were significantly less than in the control group.

Blood Flow of Carotid Arteries in Schizophrenic Patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
S. Toubaei
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Doppler Sonography ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Color Doppler Sonography ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Carotid Blood Flow ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
And Control ◽  
Two Sides

Background:Based on new imaging, some results have led to the hypothesis, indicating left hemispheric dysfunction in schizophrenic patients,Transcranial color Doppler sonography also showed significant blood flow velocity changes in schizophrenic patients.Our study tried to clarify possible differences between carotid blood flow of each side, in symptom positive and symptom negative schizophrenic patients, as well as differences of blood flow between schizophrenic patients versus control cases.Methods:31 schizophrenic patients which had been selected randomly were divided in two separate groups of symptom positive (14 cases) and symptom negative (17 cases) patients, according to PANSS test. Then carotid color Doppler sonography was performed for them and for 32 control cases.Velosities (PSV, DV) and Doppler indices (RL, PI) were measured to be compared statistically in patients and control cases.Results:According to P value < 0.05 as level of significance in all comparisons, no evidence of any significant differences is seen between two sides of patients(positive symptoms and negative symptoms) as though between control cases and patients. No positive conclusion also derived based on sex interference.Conclusion:So examination reveals no differences between carotid blood flows of two sides in schizophrenic patients(positive and negative symptom).There is no differences between carotid blood flow of patients and control group, even when sex interfered as a variety.

scholarly journals ARE SALIVARY CYTOKINES OF THE IL-1 FAMILY BIOMARKERS OF CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS?

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
Vladimir Bazarnyy ◽  
Larisa Polushina ◽  
Elena Semencova ◽  
Elena Svetlakova ◽  
Yuliya Mandra
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Integral Characteristic ◽  
Magnetic Microspheres ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Diagnostic Characteristics ◽  
And Control

Subject. In recent systematic reviews, the question of the clinical value of cytokines of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) family in chronic periodontitis (CP) has been discussed. Some authors consider them to be reliable biomarkers, while others believe that although they allow differentiating gingivitis and severe CP, the quantity and quality of published works require further research in this area. The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical value of the level of cytokines of the IL-1 family in chronic mild periodontitis. Methodology. All study participants were divided into two groups: main and control. The main group included 45 patients with mild chronic periodontitis, the control group consisted of 32 practically healthy volunteers without periodontal pathology. The concentration of IL-1α and IL-1β, IL-18, IL-1RA (receptor antagonist) in the oral fluid was determined by the method of multiparameter fluorescence analysis with magnetic microspheres (хMAP-technology, Luminex). Results. In the group of patients with periodontitis, there was an increase in the oral fluid levels of IL-1RA by 3.14 times (p = 0.01), IL-1α - by 2.3 (p = 0.02) in comparison with the control group. The integral characteristic of the clinical value of the parameters (AUC) is quite high for both indicators: IL-1RA ― 0.91 and IL-1α ― 0.94. The content of IL-1β and IL-18 did not change significantly. Conclusions. The study found an increase in the concentration of salivary cytokines of the IL-1 family in CP. Clinical and diagnostic characteristics of such tests as the content of IL-1α and IL-1RA in the oral fluid make it possible to consider them as biomarkers of mild chronic periodontitis.

Effect of selegiline augmentation with antipsychotic drugs on treatment of the negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenic disorder

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1486-1486
Author(s):  
F. Ranjbar ◽  
M. Sabagh Razavi ◽  
M.A. Ghorayshizadeh ◽  
J. Shokri ◽  
M. Asadlo
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control

IntroductionConsidering the shortcomings of antipsychotics in treatment of negative symptoms of schizophrenic patients, the use of augmentation treatment for decreasing the negative symptoms is highly important.AimsThe aim of this research was to study the effect of selegiline augmentation with antipsychotic drugs in decreasing the negative symptoms of schizophrenic patients.MethodsIn this double blind randomized control trial study 70 schizophrenic in- patients who were under treatment with antipsychotics were randomly divided into two intervention and control groups. The patients of both groups were given placebo for two weeks along with antipsychotics. For 12 weeks the intervention group was given selegiline 10 mg/day and control group was given placebo. The patients were evaluated with PANSS scale and Hamilton depression test at the end of first and second weeks and then at the end of every other week for twelve weeks. Then the results were analyzed statistically.ResultsThere was no significant difference between intervention and control groups considering PANSS score on first and second weeks, but the difference on 4-14 weeks was statistically significant. There was also no statistically significant difference in Hamilton depression Test between the two groups in first to 10 Th weeks. But the difference was statistically significant in 12–14 weeks.ConclusionsAugmentation treatment with selegiline can improve the negative symptoms of schizophrenic patients.

scholarly journals The Effect of Islamic Spiritual Mindfulness on Self-Efficacy in Anger Management among Schizophrenic Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-412
Author(s):  
Meidiana Dwidiyanti ◽  
Ashri Maulida Rahmawati ◽  
Dian Ratna Sawitri
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Anger Management ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Group A ◽  
And Control

Background: The prevalence of schizophrenia has increased in the last few years. Nevertheless, methods in assisting schizophrenic patients have not improved significantly. Islamic spiritual mindfulness is a spiritual approach that can help schizophrenic patients increase their self-efficacy in anger management. However, the application of this intervention is still not well researched.Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effect of Islamic spiritual mindfulness on self-efficacy in anger management among schizophrenic patients.Methods: This study utilized a pre-post quasi-experimental design with a control group. A total of 54 schizophrenic patients were purposively recruited and divided into two groups: the intervention group (n=27) and the control group (n=27). The intervention group received four sessions of Islamic spiritual mindfulness in two weeks, while the control group received a standard intervention from the hospital. The data were collected using the Regulatory Emotional Self-Efficacy (RESE) scale and analyzed using the t-test.Results: The results showed a significant difference in self-efficacy scores between the control and intervention groups (p=0.000) after the intervention. In the pre-test, the mean score of self-efficacy in the intervention group was lower than the control group (M=28.15 vs. M=30.26) without a significant difference. However, in the post-test, a significant difference in self-efficacy between the intervention and control groups was found (M=46.44 vs. M=46.44; p=0.000).Conclusion: Islamic spiritual mindfulness significantly affects self-efficacy among schizophrenic patients. The Islamic spiritual mindfulness can be applied as a new form of approach to increase self-efficacy in schizophrenic patients.

scholarly journals Effect of Aerobic Exercise in Positive and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (T3) ◽  
pp. 178-181
Author(s):  
Nazli Mahdinasari Nasution ◽  
Elmeida Effendy ◽  
Mustafa Mahmud Amin ◽  
Ice Ratnalela Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder that impacts on the individual and society. It is characterized by positive, negative, cognitive, affective, and aggressive symptoms. This condition has a detrimental influence on the ability of schizophrenic patients to work across all facets of everyday life, making it a significant clinical goal that cannot be handled with antipsychotics in a sufficient manner. The International Organization of Physical Therapy in Mental Health has confirmed that physical therapy helps to improve physical mental health and quality of life in multidisciplinary care for people with schizophrenia. AIM: The aim of this study is to see the impact of aerobic exercise on schizophrenic patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study was conducted at Prof. Dr. M. Ildrem Mental Hospital in 2016. Methods: 34 female chronic schizophrenic patients included in this study. They divided into two groups: Intervention and control group. The intervention group was given aerobic exercise, 3 times a week for 8 weeks. RESULTS: We obtained a significant difference change in positive and negative scores of positive and negative syndrome scales between intervention group and control group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: There is a significant change in positive and negative score of PANSS between intervention group and control group.

Efficacy of a Social Cognition Training Program for Schizophrenic Patients: A Pilot Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Gil Sanz ◽  
Marián Diego Lorenzo ◽  
Rosario Bengochea Seco ◽  
Marta Arrieta Rodríguez ◽  
Ismael Lastra Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Social Perception ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
And Control ◽  
Social Cognition Training

Psychosocial functioning impairment is recognized as a core feature of schizophrenia. Numerous studies have assessed the process that may underlie this impairment. In the last years, one of these processes that has been studied more is social cognition, which has been proposed as a mediator variable between neurocognition and functional outcome. Social cognition includes the subdomains of emotion recognition and social perception, and in recent years several authors have developed diverse training programs in these areas.The purpose of the present article is to assess the efficacy of the Social Cognition Training Program, a program that includes emotion recognition training and social perception training. The sample was made up of 14 outpatients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia according to CIE-10 criteria, randomly divided into two groups: experimental and control. All patients were assessed before and after the training program. Cognitive and psychopathological variables, social functioning, emotion recognition and social perception performance were assessed. Results suggest improvement in social perception and interpretation in the experimental group, in comparison with the control group, but not in emotion recognition. No significant correlations were obtained between social cognition training and other variables tested.

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