scholarly journals Preservation of the Chuvash Ethnic Culture in the Conditions of the Moscow Region Diaspora Group

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-39
Author(s):  
Marina Vasilenvna Kutsaeva
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Ethnic Culture ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Selective Sampling ◽  
Multicultural Environment ◽  
Active Life

The article deals with the problem of preservation of Chuvash ethnic culture in the conditions of diaspora. The purpose of the article is to determine the prospects of preserving the ethnic culture of the members of the Chuvash diaspora in the framework of integration processes in the multicultural environment of the Moscow region. Methods. The author of the article conducted a sociolinguistic survey in the Chuvash diaspora of the Moscow region; the selective sampling included 100 respondents (85 respondents belong to the first generation of the Chuvash diaspora, 15 – to the second). One of the aspects of the survey was to study the respondents’ language loyalty, which indirectly manifests itself in in the knowledge and observance of ethnic traditions and customs. The respondents were asked questions concerning the criteria of their belonging to the Chuvash ethnic group, observance of national traditions and customs, features of the Chuvash ethnic culture, intergenerational transmission of ethnic culture. Based on their answers, tables on age cohorts for representatives of both generations were compiled. Results. More than half of the respondents in the sampling in the first generation (55%) observe Chuvash traditions and holidays, especially representatives of younger and middle cohorts; in the second generation, ethnic culture is somewhat fading (27%). More than half of the respondents in the first generation (58.6%) intend to transmit knowledge about their ethnic culture to children. Women in the sampling rather tend to transmit material culture, while men spiritual one. The author concludes that, despite the fact that living far from the small homeland affects the preservation of ethnic culture, however, at present, in the conditions of polycultural urban environment, the diaspora is the most demanded form of social adaptation, especially among the younger generation, among whom many demonstrate an active life position and involvement in the process of preserving Chuvash ethnic culture in the Moscow region.

scholarly journals Moscow Mari: Ethnic Culture in the Internal Diaspora

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-21
Author(s):  
Marina Vasilevna Kutsaeva
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Minority Languages ◽  
Ethnic Culture ◽  
Ethnic Language ◽  
The World ◽  
Two Generations

The article deals with the problem of maintaining and preserving Mari ethnic culture in the conditions of an internal diaspora. The purpose of the article is to identify the conditions for maintaining and to determine the prospects for preserving Moscow Maris’ ethnic culture in Moscow’s multicultural urban space. Methods. In 2019–2021, the author of the article conducted a sociolinguistic survey in the Mari diaspora of the Moscow region; the selective sample includes 106 respondents (100 respondents belong to the first generation of the Mari diaspora, six to the second). One of the aspects of the survey was to study markers of ethnic identity in two generations of the diaspora. Results. The results, obtained in the interviews, reveal that Mari culture (knowledge and observance of Mari traditions and customs) is one of the key markers of ethnic identity in the first generation (coming only third after the small homeland and the Mari language markers). Respondents in the second generation demonstrate remnant knowledge of ethnic cultural practices due to a weak intergenerational transmission of the Mari language. The author concludes that in order to preserve ethnic traditions and customs in the diaspora, it is extremely important to maintain an ethnic language; at the same time, as the world practice of revitalizing minority languages shows, ethnic culture can be viewed as a source of initiation into an ethnic language, and later become a channel for its maintenance.

Prodikos, ‘Meteorosophists’ and the ‘Tantalos’ Paradigm

1983 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Willink
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Old Comedy ◽  
The Third ◽  
Active Life

Three famous sophists are referred to together in the Apology of Sokrates as still practising their enviably lucrative itinerant profession in 399 b.c. (not, by implication, I in Athens): Gorgias of Leontinoi, Prodikos of Keos and Hippias of Elis. The last of these was the least well known to the Athenian demos, having practised mainly in I Dorian cities. There is no extant reference to him in Old Comedy, but we can assume that he was sufficiently famous – especially for his fees (possibly the highest charged by any sophist) – to justify his inclusion as the third of this ‘triad’; cf. the triad Protagoras – Hippias – Prodikos in the Protagoras, considered further below. Gorgias was by now a grand old man of about ninety (with more than a decade of active life still ahead of him), the last survivor of the first generation of fee-taking educators, associated first and foremost in the popular mind with the suspect arts of political and forensic persuasion. Prodikos and Hippias were probably in their sixties.

The French Tradition of African Research

1960 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 108-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georges Balandier
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Social Data ◽  
Scientific Training ◽  
Ethnic Classification ◽  
West And Central Africa ◽  
Religious Systems ◽  
French Tradition ◽  
Scientific Endeavor

African research has a long tradition in France, its origin deriving from the colonial responsibilities acquired in Africa South of the Sahara. Originally the work was done by men with no scientific training who, during long sojourns in the area, tried to collect all possible information on Negro societies and cultures. Thus it was administrators (Delafosse, Tauxier, Labouret, etc.), Army men (Desplagnes, Le Hérissé, etc.), and missionaries (R. P. Trilles, etc.) who wrote the first monographs and outlined the first systematic studies. Their scientific endeavor was at first oriented toward general research. They wanted to cover all phenomena from basic ecology and material culture to social data, cultural manifestations, and mental outlook. Such listing of social and cultural items in West and Central Africa did not entirely exclude an interest in synthesis: the essays on linguistic and ethnic classification by Delafosse, the linguistic studies of Gaden and Labouret, the research on religious systems by R. P. Trilles, etc. The Bibliographie de l'Afrique Occidentale Franćaise by E. Joucla (1937), which lists more than 9,500 titles, and the Bibliographie de l'Afrique Equatoriale Française of G. Bruel (1914), including more than 7,000 titles, indicate the very considerable results obtained through the research of non-specialists working as isolated individuals. The publications of the "Comité d'études historiques et scientifiques de l'Afrique Occidentale Française," created in 1916, consist of numerous useful works written by this first generation of French Africanists.

scholarly journals Sociología Mexicana y cambios conceptuales: adquisiciones y pérdidas (1939-1960)

2017 ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Margarita Olvera Serrano
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Research Publications ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Conceptual Changes ◽  
The Future ◽  
Conceptual Language ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

En este trabajo se reconstruye el proceso de institucionalización de la sociolo­gía en México como un proceso inescindible de las consecuencias del triunfo de la revolución de 1910. Se examinan sus primeros objetos de investigación empírica, publicaciones, proyectos, temas, orientaciones, expectativas de fu­turo y cambios en el periodo que va de 1939 a 1960. En el primer tramo de este periodo, la sociología en México, bajo el liderazgo del abogado Lucio Mendieta y Núñez, se desarrolló con base en un conjunto de conceptos de corte político-social, que posteriormente se entrelazaron con un primer len­guaje conceptual especializado que contribuyó a la consolidación definitiva de esta disciplina como ciencia y como profesión. En los años finales del arco temporal considerado aquí, la primera generación de científicos sociales de formación universitaria, liderados por Pablo González Casanova, cuestiona tanto los resultados no deseados de los regímenes postrevolucionarios, como el legado conceptual de los fundadores, dando lugar a un acelerado proceso de pérdida de significación y desplazamiento conceptual que muestra parte de la discontinuidad de los procesos de transmisión intergeneracional, los desconocimientos y los olvidos que han atravesado la sociología en México. Palabras clave: institucionalización, lenguajes conceptuales, liderazgos, dis­ciplina, profesión. Mexican sociology and conceptual changes: acqui­sitions and losses (1939-1960) Abstract This paper reconstructs the institutionalization process for sociology in Mex­ico as a consequence of the triumph of the 1910 revolution, its first objects of empirical research, publications, projects, subjects, orientations, expectations of the future and changes between 1939 and 1960. In the first part of this peri­od and under the leadership of lawyer Lucio Mendieta and Núñez, sociology was developed in Mexico based on a set of political-social concepts, which later were interlaced with a first specialized conceptual language which contributed to the definitive consolidation of this discipline as a science and as a profession. In the final years of the temporal arch considered here, the first generation of university-educated social scientists, led by Pablo González Casanova, questions both the undesirable results of post-revolutionary re­gimes and the conceptual legacy of the founders, resulting in an accelerated loss of meaning and conceptual displacement, showing some of the disconti­nuity of the intergenerational transmission processes, the lack of knowledge and the oversights that have gone through sociology in Mexico. ­ Keywords: Institutionalization, conceptual languages, leadership, discipline, profession. Sociologia mexicana e mudanças conceituais: aquisições e perdas (1939-1960) Resumo Neste trabalho, se reconstrói o processo de institucionalização da sociologia no México como parte das consequências do triunfo da revolução de 1910, seus primeiros objetos de pesquisa empírica, publicações, projetos, temas, orientações, expectativas do futuro e mudanças entre 1939 e 1960. Na primei­ra parte deste período, a sociologia no México, sob a liderança do advogado Lucio Mendieta e Núñez, foi desenvolvida com base num conjunto de con­ceitos de corte político-social, que posteriormente se entrelaçaram com uma primeira linguagem conceitual especializada que contribuiu para a consoli­dação definitiva desta disciplina como ciência e como profissão. Nos últimos anos do arco temporal considerado aqui, a primeira geração de cientistas sociais de formação universitária, liderada por Pablo González Casanova, questiona tanto os resultados não desejados dos regimes pos revolucionários, como o legado conceitual dos fundadores, dando lugar a um acelerado pro­cesso de perda de significado e deslocamento conceitual, que mostra parte da descontinuidade dos processos de transmissão intergeracional, os desco­nhecimentos e o esquecimento que tem atravessado a sociologia no México. Palavras-chave: institucionalização, linguagem conceitual, liderança, disci­plina, profissão

scholarly journals FREQUENCY OF DETECTION OF ANTIBODIES TO HEPATITIS C VIRUS AMONG CONVENTIONALLY HEALTHY POPULATION OF RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2017 ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
N. V. Soboleva ◽  
A. A. Karlsen ◽  
T. V. Kozhanova ◽  
V. S. Kichatova ◽  
V. V. Klushkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Total Prevalence

Aim. Determine the prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) among conditionally healthy population of Russian Federation. Materials and methods. Sera samples obtained from conditionally healthy population of the Russian Federation from 5 geographically distant regions with different levels of morbidity for hepatitis C were studied: Sverdlovsk, Rostov, Moscow regions, Tyva and Sakha (Yakutia) Republics. 4764 samples were studied in total obtained from individuals of 10 age groups: younger than 1, 1 - 4, 5 - 9, 10 - 14,15 - 19, 20 - 29, 30 - 39, 40 - 49,50 - 59, olderthan 60 years. Anti-HCV were determined by commercial ELISA. Results. The total prevalence of anti-HCV in 5 regions of Russian Federation was 2.6% (126/4764). The highest frequency of detection of anti-HCV was detected in Tyva and Yakutia Republics and was 3.3%, in other regions this parameter varied from 1,7 (Moscow region) to 3% in Sverdlovsk region. Peak parameters of anti-HCV detection among population in various regions were connected with various age groups: olderthan 60 years in Tyva and Yakutia Republics (11 and 9.9%, respectively), 40 - 49 in Moscow region (6.2%), 1 - 4 and 30 - 39 years in Sverdlovsk region (5.9 and 4.9%, respectively) and 20 - 39 in Rostov region (3.9%). Conclusion. Results of anti-HCV detection in various age cohorts of conditionally healthy population of Russian Federation give evidence regarding high morbidity with HCV of almost all the age groups in the interval from 20 to older than 60 years. Age cohorts were detected in each of the studied regions for which inclusion into regional screening programs is feasible.

scholarly journals Dwelling in novellistic fairy tales and anecdotes of the Bulgarians of Moldova (ethnocultural features)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadejda Cara ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Ethnic Culture ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Constituent Elements

The author analyzed the functional, symbolic, and semantic features of the traditional dwelling of the Bulgarians of the Republic of Moldova in fairy-tale folklore (novelistic tales and anecdotes). The types of dwellings and their constituent elements (internal and external) were considered as a part of the material; culture is reflected through subject realities as a component of ethnic culture in the human microcosm. The connection of dwelling with traditional values of the Bulgarians of the Republic of Moldova was also analyzed.

scholarly journals Ethnic Musical Culture of Moscow Mari (I)

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Marina Vasilevna Kutsaeva
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Musical Culture ◽  
New Members ◽  
Selective Sampling ◽  
Ethnic Language ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ethnic And Cultural Identity ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Modern Technologies

The article deals with the problem of maintaining and preserving the ethnic musical culture of the Mari people in the conditions of the diaspora. The purpose of the article is to determine the prospects for preserving the ethnic musical culture of members of the Mari diaspora in the framework of integration processes in the multicultural Moscow region. Methods. The article is based on the data obtained when conducting a sociolinguistic survey in the Mari diaspora of the Moscow region; the selective sampling includes 100 respondents, all of them are natives of the Republic of Mari El or places of traditional compact settlement of the Mari ethnic group, currently living in Moscow or in the Moscow region. One of the aspects of the survey was to study the respondents’ language loyalty, which indirectly manifests itself in in the knowledge and observance of ethnic musical culture. In particular, the respondents were asked questions about the language or languages in which they are likely to sing or listen to songs, about the value and significance of Mari songs in their lives. Based on their answers, tables, reflecting the results, were drawn. Results. According to the results of the sociolinguistic survey in the Mari diaspora, a vast majority of the respondents (96%) listen to (and/or sing) songs in their ethnic language one way or another, under completely different circumstances and using a wide range of modern technologies and telecommunications. The representatives of the Mari Diaspora take an active part in various cultural and musical events, which are held not only within the framework of the ethnic Mari community in Moscow, but also on the private initiative of young Mari activists. The author concludes that the ethnic musical culture, which the members of the Diaspora maintain both independently and in groups, undoubtedly plays an important role in uniting the Moscow Mari people and attracting new members of the Mari Diaspora, it slows down assimilation processes and contributes to the preservation of their ethnic and cultural identity.

scholarly journals Sociología Mexicana y cambios conceptuales: adquisiciones y pérdidas (1939-1960)

2017 ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Margarita Olvera Serrano
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Research Publications ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Conceptual Changes ◽  
The Future ◽  
Conceptual Language ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

En este trabajo se reconstruye el proceso de institucionalización de la sociolo­gía en México como un proceso inescindible de las consecuencias del triunfo de la revolución de 1910. Se examinan sus primeros objetos de investigación empírica, publicaciones, proyectos, temas, orientaciones, expectativas de fu­turo y cambios en el periodo que va de 1939 a 1960. En el primer tramo de este periodo, la sociología en México, bajo el liderazgo del abogado Lucio Mendieta y Núñez, se desarrolló con base en un conjunto de conceptos de corte político-social, que posteriormente se entrelazaron con un primer len­guaje conceptual especializado que contribuyó a la consolidación definitiva de esta disciplina como ciencia y como profesión. En los años finales del arco temporal considerado aquí, la primera generación de científicos sociales de formación universitaria, liderados por Pablo González Casanova, cuestiona tanto los resultados no deseados de los regímenes postrevolucionarios, como el legado conceptual de los fundadores, dando lugar a un acelerado proceso de pérdida de significación y desplazamiento conceptual que muestra parte de la discontinuidad de los procesos de transmisión intergeneracional, los desconocimientos y los olvidos que han atravesado la sociología en México. Palabras clave: institucionalización, lenguajes conceptuales, liderazgos, dis­ciplina, profesión. Mexican sociology and conceptual changes: acqui­sitions and losses (1939-1960) Abstract This paper reconstructs the institutionalization process for sociology in Mex­ico as a consequence of the triumph of the 1910 revolution, its first objects of empirical research, publications, projects, subjects, orientations, expectations of the future and changes between 1939 and 1960. In the first part of this peri­od and under the leadership of lawyer Lucio Mendieta and Núñez, sociology was developed in Mexico based on a set of political-social concepts, which later were interlaced with a first specialized conceptual language which contributed to the definitive consolidation of this discipline as a science and as a profession. In the final years of the temporal arch considered here, the first generation of university-educated social scientists, led by Pablo González Casanova, questions both the undesirable results of post-revolutionary re­gimes and the conceptual legacy of the founders, resulting in an accelerated loss of meaning and conceptual displacement, showing some of the disconti­nuity of the intergenerational transmission processes, the lack of knowledge and the oversights that have gone through sociology in Mexico. ­ Keywords: Institutionalization, conceptual languages, leadership, discipline, profession. Sociologia mexicana e mudanças conceituais: aquisições e perdas (1939-1960) Resumo Neste trabalho, se reconstrói o processo de institucionalização da sociologia no México como parte das consequências do triunfo da revolução de 1910, seus primeiros objetos de pesquisa empírica, publicações, projetos, temas, orientações, expectativas do futuro e mudanças entre 1939 e 1960. Na primei­ra parte deste período, a sociologia no México, sob a liderança do advogado Lucio Mendieta e Núñez, foi desenvolvida com base num conjunto de con­ceitos de corte político-social, que posteriormente se entrelaçaram com uma primeira linguagem conceitual especializada que contribuiu para a consoli­dação definitiva desta disciplina como ciência e como profissão. Nos últimos anos do arco temporal considerado aqui, a primeira geração de cientistas sociais de formação universitária, liderada por Pablo González Casanova, questiona tanto os resultados não desejados dos regimes pos revolucionários, como o legado conceitual dos fundadores, dando lugar a um acelerado pro­cesso de perda de significado e deslocamento conceitual, que mostra parte da descontinuidade dos processos de transmissão intergeracional, os desco­nhecimentos e o esquecimento que tem atravessado a sociologia no México. Palavras-chave: institucionalização, linguagem conceitual, liderança, disci­plina, profissão

scholarly journals Unpacking the Suitcase: German-Jewish Refugees in New Zealand and the Afterlives of their Displaced Objects 1933-2015

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Louisa Hormann
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Traumatic Rupture ◽  
Refugee Families ◽  
Jewish Refugees ◽  
Jewish Refugee ◽  
German Jewish

<p>When German-Jewish refugees arrived in New Zealand in the 1930s fleeing Hitler’s Europe, they brought with them everything they could from their former homes: furniture, luggage, personal documents, musical instruments, artwork, books, silverware, linen, a typewriter. These humble and remarkable domestic objects survive today, a few in public heritage collections, but most in the private family homes of descendants. But while the Jewish refugee migration story is well known in public and academic circles, less so is the story of those objects. This thesis explores the relationship between refugee families, their descendants, and the material objects they have inherited.  To what extent do refugee objects embody the memory of the prewar, European past? And how do the objects’ meanings change for refugees and their descendants, over time and in different custodial contexts? A major part of this thesis involved oral history interviews with refugee survivor families (mainly second-generation participants), and studying the interviews, letters, memoirs, and reminiscences of the first generation. Material culture objects were also analysed, and curated in an electronic archive (available for review).  This thesis charts the slowly evolving significances of the objects throughout the various stages of the object migration journey. It examines themes of cultural identity, intergenerational memory, collection practices, and the private-public tensions inherent in the institutional custody of family objects. These themes are explored in three chapters, the first of which defines the German-Jewish refugee archive in New Zealand against the existing literature on displaced Jewish objects, by contextualising the New Zealand objects within the specific historical circumstances determining their owners’ migration journeys. The final two chapters analyse the usage and meanings of the objects in the ‘private archive’ of the family, and the ‘public archive’ of local and international collecting institutions.  Drawing on insights from migration, material culture, Holocaust, and memory studies, this thesis is premised on the widely accepted argument that such mementoes function as mobile depositories of cultural identity and knowledge to ensure continuity between generations. Considering objects as nodes of memory for remembering a German-Jewish past (between Europe and New Zealand) characterised by the traumatic rupture of first generation silence, brings my research into conversation with the work of second-generation scholar Marianne Hirsch and Nina Fischer. But by addressing the role of collective memory and cultural identity in determining the future location and preservation of such artefacts, this thesis significantly extends the findings of Hirsch and Fischer beyond the private sphere to interrogate the perspectives of both families and collecting institutions. In doing so, it argues that New Zealand’s German-Jewish refugee objects bear multiple identities and meanings as a result of their dispersed, transnational history. In light of current international repatriation movements to return such artefacts to Germany, the provenance and significance of these objects is particularly pertinent today, as the first person authenticity of survivors rapidly fades, and the memorial sphere transforms to accommodate this change.</p>

scholarly journals About some changes in the material culture of the modern urban population of Azerbaijan (based on materials from the city of Sumgayit)

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 105-113
Author(s):  
Sevda Amirshakhova
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Urban Housing ◽  
Ethnic Culture ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Interior Decoration ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Color Scheme ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The City

The article is devoted to the changes taking place in the field of ethnic culture in the cities of Azerbaijan on the example of the city of Sumgait. In cities, social and cultural processes are more intense than in villages. As a result of constant migration processes in cities, different cultures and ways of life come into interaction with each other, sometimes conflict, and in many cases assimilate. As a result of these processes, a specific lifestyle is formed that is characteristic of each city and is determined by the ethnic culture of its main population. The main objective of the study is to identify ethnocultural changes taking place in the lifestyle and material culture of the population of Sumgait, the second largest and industrial city of Azerbaijan. As the results of the survey of urban housing in Sumgayit show, despite the standardized appearance of modern city apartments, local ethnocultural features are preserved in the subject environment, structure and color scheme of the interiors. The study suggests that, despite the intense interaction between the various sociocultural groups that made up the population of Sumgayit, at present the city has not formed common stereotypes of urban culture and lifestyle typical for the whole city. In this regard, the interior decoration of residential buildings often does not correspond to the characteristics and traditional ideas of different population groups. It was found that the interior of the apartments as a whole and their specific ethnic characteristics often depend on the type of housing. The study suggests that the popular culture, which is rapidly spreading in Sumgait and in Azerbaijan as a whole, determines the spread of a globalized, mainly Western way of life and modern stereotypes of behavior.

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