scholarly journals Moscow Mari: Ethnic Culture in the Internal Diaspora

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-21
Author(s):  
Marina Vasilevna Kutsaeva
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Minority Languages ◽  
Ethnic Culture ◽  
Ethnic Language ◽  
The World ◽  
Two Generations

The article deals with the problem of maintaining and preserving Mari ethnic culture in the conditions of an internal diaspora. The purpose of the article is to identify the conditions for maintaining and to determine the prospects for preserving Moscow Maris’ ethnic culture in Moscow’s multicultural urban space. Methods. In 2019–2021, the author of the article conducted a sociolinguistic survey in the Mari diaspora of the Moscow region; the selective sample includes 106 respondents (100 respondents belong to the first generation of the Mari diaspora, six to the second). One of the aspects of the survey was to study markers of ethnic identity in two generations of the diaspora. Results. The results, obtained in the interviews, reveal that Mari culture (knowledge and observance of Mari traditions and customs) is one of the key markers of ethnic identity in the first generation (coming only third after the small homeland and the Mari language markers). Respondents in the second generation demonstrate remnant knowledge of ethnic cultural practices due to a weak intergenerational transmission of the Mari language. The author concludes that in order to preserve ethnic traditions and customs in the diaspora, it is extremely important to maintain an ethnic language; at the same time, as the world practice of revitalizing minority languages shows, ethnic culture can be viewed as a source of initiation into an ethnic language, and later become a channel for its maintenance.

‘First Generation’ Romantic Poets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally Bushell
Keyword(s):  
William Wordsworth ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Short Film ◽  
British Romanticism ◽  
Romantic Period ◽  
The North ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Edinburgh Review

This short film introduces students to the concept of two generations in the Romantic period. It considers why this might be the case for this period of literature when it is not for others, proposing three reasons: the relative brevity of the period, the effect of a period of war followed by peace, the division of major male writers into these two groups. The second half of the film then focusses on the First Generation and the contemporary concept of “the Lake School”. This relates primarily to William Wordsworth and his decision to write in withdrawal from the world in the North of England. Core principles of British Romanticism are articulated by him – that poetry is of the people and in the language of the people and that it is fundamentally expressive. Wordsworth was joined in the lakes by Coleridge and Southey, allowing these poets to be called “The Lake School”. However, these principles were not universally accepted and Francis Jeffrey (editor of The Edinburgh Review) took every opportunity to attack them.

scholarly journals Gender Roles and Changing Pattern on Baram Community: An Ethnography From Chandipurnima Festival

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-33
Author(s):  
Bhadra Badam
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Special Occasion ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sharing Behavior

Second generation of women of Baram Community is highly constructive in social norms, values, customs, and tradition and very sensitive in gender equality than first generation. The major issue of this study is to find out the gender roles of Baram community from a major festival - Chandipurnima. The nature of gender roles and changing pattern on festival between two generations among Baram community, sharing behavior during the festival, power relation between male and female has been addressed. There are vast differences on two generations regarding the gender roles, first generation is still traditional and believe on radical cultural practices where as new generation has the impact of modernity and change due to the education and labor migration. However new generation is found high alert in social identity and cultural practices of the community. As it is an ethnography the study has been conducted based on participant observation and interview on the special occasion of celebration of Chandipurnima of Baram Community of Gorkha.

Ethnic Identity: Similarities and Differences in White Groups Based on Cultural Practices

2013 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 745-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Koutrelakos
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
High School ◽  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Religious Participation ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Heritage Education ◽  
Ethnic Language ◽  
Language Competency ◽  
Similarities And Differences

The present study examined variability in ethnic identity among the ethnic groups that comprise the White racial category. Based on participants' ethnic self-labels, high school and college students ( n = 495) were assigned to one of six groups: Armenian, Greek, Jewish, European, Mixed White ancestry (“Irish and Italian”), and Pan-ethnic (“White”). Individuals who identified with Specific White groups (Armenian, Greek, Jewish) had higher ethnic identity scores than individuals who identified with Nonspecific White groups (European, Mixed, Pan-ethnic). Specific White groups also had more heritage education, ethnic language competency, and religious participation than Nonspecific White groups. Regression analyses indicated that ethnic language competency and religious participation positively predicted ethnic identity for both Specific and Nonspecific White groups, controlling for age, sex, and generation. For the Specific White group, heritage education interacted with ethnic language to increase ethnic identity for students with low (but not medium or high) competency.

scholarly journals Czy współcześnie powstający kaszubski język literacki oraz obecnie tworzony język neobretoński mogą stanowić przedmiot dociekań badaczy językowego obrazu świata?

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 270-279
Author(s):  
Nicole Dołowy-Rybińska ◽  
Hanna Popowska-Taborska
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
Minority Languages ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Dominant Language ◽  
The World ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Culture And Language

Can the presently created Kashubian literary language and the currently formed new Breton language be objects of consideration for researchers of the linguistic picture of the world?The influence of the Polish language in conjunction with education and the mass media have brought about in the second half of the 20th century a growth of Polish-Kashubian bilingualism and a decline of Kashubian dialects. Simultaneously, work on the creation and promotion of the literary Kashubian language has begun. The standard Kashubian language is new to all users as is the new Breton language standardized in the last decades of the 20th century. Intergenerational transmission of the Breton language was severed after WWII. The ethnic revival of the 1970s led to the revalorization of the Breton culture and language, taught since then in a number of schools and at adult courses. Normalized Kashubian and Breton languages are full of neologisms. But at the same time they have also been considerably purified of those traits which make them similar to the respective dominant language (Polish and French). Furthermore, the range of use to which these minority languages are put is very different from one user to another. All these specifics result in the near impossibility of researching the linguistic picture of the world of contemporary normalized minority languages. Czy współcześnie powstający kaszubski język literacki oraz obecnie tworzony język neobretoński mogą stanowić przedmiot dociekań badaczy językowego obrazu świata?Wpływ polszczyzny związany ze szkołą i mediami masowymi spowodował wzrost w drugiej połowie XX wieku dwujęzyczności kaszubsko-polskiej i zanikanie dialektów kaszubskich. Jednocześnie rozpoczęły się prace nad stworzeniem i upowszechnieniem kaszubskiego języka literackiego. Standardowy język kaszubski jest nowy dla wszystkich użytkowników, podobnie jak standaryzowany w drugiej połowie XX wieku język bretoński. Międzypokoleniowa transmisja bretońskiego została przerwana w połowie XX wieku. Odrodzenie etniczne lat 70. XX wieku doprowadziło do rewaloryzacji kultury i języka bretońskiego, którego dzieci zaczęły się uczyć w szkołach, a dorośli – na kursach. Znormalizowane języki kaszubski i bretoński pełne są neologizmów, podlegają również procesom puryfikacji mającym oczyścić je z cech upodobniających do języka dominującego (polskiego i francuskiego). Zakres posługiwania się nimi u poszczególnych ich użytkowników jest silnie zróżnicowany. Wszystkie te fakty sprawiają, że badanie językowego obrazu świata normalizowanych obecnie języków mniejszościowych nie wydaje się możliwe.

scholarly journals Preservation of the Chuvash Ethnic Culture in the Conditions of the Moscow Region Diaspora Group

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-39
Author(s):  
Marina Vasilenvna Kutsaeva
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Ethnic Culture ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Selective Sampling ◽  
Multicultural Environment ◽  
Active Life

The article deals with the problem of preservation of Chuvash ethnic culture in the conditions of diaspora. The purpose of the article is to determine the prospects of preserving the ethnic culture of the members of the Chuvash diaspora in the framework of integration processes in the multicultural environment of the Moscow region. Methods. The author of the article conducted a sociolinguistic survey in the Chuvash diaspora of the Moscow region; the selective sampling included 100 respondents (85 respondents belong to the first generation of the Chuvash diaspora, 15 – to the second). One of the aspects of the survey was to study the respondents’ language loyalty, which indirectly manifests itself in in the knowledge and observance of ethnic traditions and customs. The respondents were asked questions concerning the criteria of their belonging to the Chuvash ethnic group, observance of national traditions and customs, features of the Chuvash ethnic culture, intergenerational transmission of ethnic culture. Based on their answers, tables on age cohorts for representatives of both generations were compiled. Results. More than half of the respondents in the sampling in the first generation (55%) observe Chuvash traditions and holidays, especially representatives of younger and middle cohorts; in the second generation, ethnic culture is somewhat fading (27%). More than half of the respondents in the first generation (58.6%) intend to transmit knowledge about their ethnic culture to children. Women in the sampling rather tend to transmit material culture, while men spiritual one. The author concludes that, despite the fact that living far from the small homeland affects the preservation of ethnic culture, however, at present, in the conditions of polycultural urban environment, the diaspora is the most demanded form of social adaptation, especially among the younger generation, among whom many demonstrate an active life position and involvement in the process of preserving Chuvash ethnic culture in the Moscow region.

Parental breeding age effects on descendants’ longevity interact over two generations in matrilines and patrilines

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zac Wylde ◽  
Foteini Spagopoulou ◽  
Amy K Hooper ◽  
Alexei A Maklakov ◽  
Russell Bonduriansky
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Age ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Age Effects ◽  
Population Variation ◽  
Paternal Age ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Competitive Environment ◽  
Larval Diet ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Two Generations

Individuals within populations vary enormously in mortality risk and longevity, but the causes of this variation remain poorly understood. A potentially important and phylogenetically widespread source of such variation is maternal age at breeding, which typically has negative effects on offspring longevity. Here, we show that paternal age can affect offspring longevity as strongly as maternal age does, and that breeding age effects can interact over two generations in both matrilines and patrilines. We manipulated maternal and paternal ages at breeding over two generations in the neriid fly Telostylinus angusticollis. To determine whether breeding age effects can be modulated by the environment, we also manipulated larval diet and male competitive environment in the first generation. We found separate and interactive effects of parental and grandparental ages at breeding on descendants’ mortality rate and lifespan in both matrilines and patrilines. These breeding age effects were not modulated by grandparental larval diet quality or competitive environment. Our findings suggest that variation in maternal and paternal ages at breeding could contribute substantially to intra-population variation in mortality and longevity.

Language Maintenanceand The Preservation of Ethnic Identity: A Case of Malay Muslims in Southern Thailand

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 297-308
Author(s):  
Nonglaksana Kama ◽  
Munirah Yamirudeng
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Language Shift ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Know How ◽  
Thai Language ◽  
Ethnic Language ◽  
Southern Thailand ◽  
Southern Border ◽  
Vital Element

Language is known to have an effect on ethnic identity.For cultural groups who hold knowledge of ethnic language as a core value, language shift can lead to a loss of ethnic identity, cultural fragmentation and “non-authentic” expressions of ethnicity Thelanguage has played and is still playing a symbolic role in the evolution and maintenance of ethnic identity within the Malay Muslim community in southern Thailand. Itis significant to know how the Malay language was used as a symbol to create and sustain the Malay identity on the ways in which Malay Muslims today understand ethnic identity, and how ethnic language fits into their own ethnic self-identifications.This paper attempts to answer the question why Malay language constitutes a vital element in the maintenance of Malay ethnic identity among the Malays of southern Thailand.Two facts have been identified regarding the language and ethnicity link among Malay Muslims. First, Malay language is seen as a relevant ethno-cultural marker and its usage is limited within family, relatives and close friends. Second, Malay language is preserved along with Thai language, making many Malay Muslims bilingual, which is quite typical in the southern border provinces of Thailand.

ARTISTIC ASSIMILATION OF THE WORLD IN THE ESSAY PROSE OF M. G. ATAMANOV (BASED ON THE BOOK “I AM UDMURT. WHY DOES IT HURT?”)

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-464
Author(s):  
Alevtina Vasilevna Kamitova ◽  
Tatyana Ivanovna Zaitseva
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
National Identity ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Topographic Features ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Individual Style

The paper reflects the specificity of the fundamental ideas of the artistic world of M. G. Atamanov, which includes a wide range of literary facts from the content level of the text of the works to their poetics. A particularly important role in the works of M. G. Atamanov is played by cross-cutting themes and images that reflect the author's individual style and his idea of national-ethnic identity. The subject of the research is the book of essays “Mon - Udmurt. Maly mynym vös’?” (“I am Udmurt. Why does it hurt?”), which most vividly reflected the main spiritual and artistic searches of M. G. Atamanov, associated with his ideas about the Udmurt people. The main motives and plots of the works included in the book under consideration are accumulated around the concept of “Udmurtness”. The comprehension of “Udmurtness” is modeled in his essays through specific leit themes: native language, Udmurt people, national culture, mentality, geographic and topographic features of the Udmurt people’ places of residence, the Orthodox idea. The “Udmurt theme” is recognized and comprehended by the writer through the prism of national identity.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Maria Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Literary History ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Early Modern England ◽  
Related Material ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Early English

Mythographies were books that collected, explained, and interpreted myth-related material. Extremely popular during the Renaissance, these works appealed to a wide range of readers. While the European mythographies of the sixteenth century have been utilized by scholars, the short, early English mythographies, written from 1577 to 1647, have puzzled critics. The first generation of English mythographers did not, as has been suggested, try to compete with their Italian predecessors. Instead, they made mythographies into rhetorical instruments designed to intervene in topical debates outside the world of classical learning. Because English mythographers brought mythology to bear on a variety of contemporary issues, they unfold a lively and historically well-defined picture of the roles myth was made to play in early modern England. Exploring these mythographies can contribute to previous insights into myth in the Renaissance offered by studies of iconography, literary history, allegory, and myth theory.

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