Eriophyoid mites fauna (acari: prostigmata) on pyrus communis l. In the fomin botanical garden

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Bondareva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The Third ◽  
Eriophyoid Mites ◽  
Pyrus Communis L ◽  
First Time ◽  
Growing Shoot

On the territory of the Academician A.V. Fomin Botanical garden three species of mites of the superfamily Eriophyoidea were found in pear orchards. It has been found that Eriophyes pyri Pgst and Epitrimerus pyri Nal. dominate. For the first time, individuals of Epitrimerus marginemtorguens Nal., have been found on pear 12 leaves. Eriophyes pyri is a widespread and dangerous pest of pears in all localities of cultivating this plant species in Ukraine. Epitrimerus pyri is less harmful in pear plantations of the botanical garden. Epitrimerus marginemtorguens appeared mainly in the second half of the growing season. The phenology of four-legged mites has been clarified and the sequence of Eriophyes pyri leaf population on a growing pear shoot has been determined. The period of formation of 7–9 ordinal leaves on the growing shoot is the key moment when the first generation of mites leaves the old galls and colonizes the newly formed leaves. During this period, the phytophagy moves from a hidden to an open way of life and is available for methods and means used in plant protection. A similar moment is also observed during the migration of the second generation to the apical leaves and the third generation – to the buds for wintering, but this process is greatly extended over time and is not so suitable for applying the acaricides.

POPULATION TRENDS AND BEHAVIOR OF THE PEAR RUST MITE, EPITRIMERUS PYRI (PROSTIGMATA: ERIOPHYOIDEA), ON PEARS IN NOVA SCOTIA

1979 ◽  
Vol 111 (8) ◽  
pp. 955-957 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Ventral Surface ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Economic Injury Level ◽  
The Third ◽  
Epidermal Tissue ◽  
Economic Injury ◽  
And Behavior

AbstractThe pear rust mite, Epitrimerus pyri (Nal.), overwinters in a semi-active state in old leaf scar crevices and under bud chips of the leaf clusters. It becomes active within the bud in mid-April, as soon as the weather warms, and passes through three generations in the growing season as indicated by distinct peak egg populations observed in May, June, and July. The first generation eggs are laid within the swelling bud. The mites feed on the ventral surface of the leaves causing bronzing and on the calyx end of the fruit resulting in russeting of the epidermal tissue. Deutogynes of the third generation begin to enter hibernation by mid-August. Occasionally population levels reach economic injury level resulting in the downgrading of fruit.

scholarly journals Lime common (Tilia cordata Mill.) and its invasive phytophage mole-variegated (Phyllonorycter issikii Kumata)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Sylchuk ◽  
P. Chumak ◽  
S. Vyhera ◽  
V. Kovalchuk ◽  
M. Lisovyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Tilia Cordata ◽  
Multiplication Factor ◽  
Green It ◽  
The Third ◽  
Full Development ◽  
Fodder Plants ◽  
Phyllonorycter Issikii ◽  
Extent Of Damage

In 2012–2015 in Kiev dangerous invasive species phytophage was marked and defined — mole zygaenidae lime, which has been spreading for recent years in conditions of the Kyiv region and other regions of Ukraine. Mole zygaenidae lime (Phyllonorycter issikii Kumata), Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae Toshio Kumata was described firstly in 1963. A phytophage fed predominantly lime cordata. Butterflies of second and third generations overwinter in cracks in the bark of fodder plants. The first butterflies were by on the colored glue traps in the third week of April with the average daily temperature above + 10°C. It is noted that the extent of damage of lime becomes more aggressive, high and growing over the years. As a result of studies it was found the lime leaves, which marked almost 70% min leaf plate. It was established that in the conditions of Kyiv the stable full development of three generations of phytophage happens. It was proved that the multiplication factor of this type of phytophage during the growing season of plants growing. Yet, as wintering stage mole zygaenidae lime (adults) are quite sensitive to changes in temperature in a city, multiplication factor of the first generation there is very low (within 0.14–0.19). Using the color traps to monitor phytophage showed that the most attractive among the tested colors are red and green. It is proposed continue to conducing a thorough and systematic monitoring of this type of phytophage to prevent the expansion of its range.

scholarly journals Seasonal development of Philadelphus cultivars in the Mari El Republic

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Vitalievna Sukhareva ◽  
Svetlana Valer'evna Mukhametova ◽  
Kseniya Aleksandrovna Veselova
Keyword(s):  
Growing Season ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Flowering Period ◽  
The Third ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
Ornamental Shrubs

Species of the genus Philadelphus L. (mock orange) are among the most popular ornamental shrubs. They are valued for low maintenance, abundant flowering, exceptional aroma of flowers and a prolonged flowering period during high summer, by when many shrubs already fade. The results of phenological observations of 2018-2020 are presented in the article. The objects of the research were the plants of 8 cultivars of mock orange selected by N. K. Vekhov in the Botanical Garden-Institute of VSUT (Yoshkar-Ola, Mari El Republic). The vegetation of plants lasts from the beginning of May to the end of September and has a duration of 177-189 days.  The 'Airborne force' (Vozdushny desant) cultivar was characterized by the longest growing season.  The full leafing occurred in the first decade of June, the growth of scions ended in the first half of August. Flowering began in the third decade of June and lasted on average for 13-28 days. The cultivar 'Vosdushny Desant' has the earliest beginning of flowering, 'Arktika' has the latest one. The plants of 'Elbrus' were characterized by the longest flowering, 'Yunnat' – by the shortest one. There was no connection between the duration of flowering and the structure of flowers.

scholarly journals Lecturers from Macedonia Elected for the First Time to the Faculty of Medicine in Skopje in the Period 1961-63

PRILOZI ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-179
Author(s):  
Doncho Donev ◽  
Momir Polenakovic ◽  
Nada Pop-Jordanova
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Poor Health Status ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
The Third ◽  
Additional Group ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
First Time ◽  
Further Development

Abstract Aim: To present a group of young doctors from R. Macedonia who were elected as lecturers at the Faculty of Medicine (FM) in Skopje, R. Macedonia, in the period 1961-63. Method: A retrospective study based on archive materials, encyclopaedias and jubilee publications of the FM and Faculty of Dentistry in Skopje, other relevant sources of information, and a review of the relevant literature. Results: The Skopje FM was founded in 1947 and the first meeting of the Teachers’ Council of the Faculty was held on March 17, 1947. The first generation of 153 students was enrolled in the autumn of 1947 and the first lecture was delivered on November 3, 1947. Besides 15 doctors from R. Macedonia - faculty staff, who had been appointed in the period from 1947-54, and a group of 24 lecturers from R. Macedonia who had been elected assistant professors in the period from 1955-60, an additional group of 17 Macedonian lecturers had been elected for the first time in the period from 1961-63. Those 56 pioneers and coryphaei of medicine in R. Macedonia played important roles in the establishing and/or initial and further development of a number of the faculty departments/chairs, institutes and clinics within the newly established FM in Skopje in 1947 and in the first 15-20 years of its initial development, until 1960s and later. Conclusion: The Skopje FM, founded in 1947, played a crucial role in the education of medical professionals, in improving the poor health status of the population and the overall further development of the health system and provision of health care to the population of R. Macedonia. The contribution of the third group of 17 lecturers from R. Macedonia in furthering the development of the Skopje FM, during the 1960s and later, was very important.

scholarly journals First data on the Radiospongilla crateriformis (Potts, 1882) (Porifera: Spongillidae) from Nicaragua

2016 ◽  
pp. 103-107
Author(s):  
Juna Rueda ◽  
Francesc Mesquita-Joanes
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Freshwater Sponge ◽  
The Third ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
First Time

Durante el desarrollo de un curso sobre la evaluación de la calidad biológica de las aguas continentales en León (Nicaragua), se recolectaron ejemplares de la esponja de agua dulce Radiospongilla crateriformis (Potts, 1882) (Porifera: Spongillidae), la cual se cita aquí por primera vez para el país. Los muestreos se realizaron durante la tercera semana de enero de 2016 en el río Los Aposentos. Este circula dentro del recinto del Jardín Botánico Ambiental (JBAUNAN-León). Se aportan datos sobre la autoecología de los ejemplares recolectados y se discuten ciertas diferencias morfológicas con respecto a otras citas en países cercanos. In the framework of a field course on water quality assessment in León (Nicaragua), we collected specimens of the freshwater sponge Radiospongilla crateriformis (Potts, 1882) (Porifera: Spongillidae), which is herein cited for the first time for this country. Samples were obtained during the third week of January 2016 from river Los Aposentos. This stream runs through the Environmental Botanical Garden (Jardín Botánico Ambiental, JBA-UNAN-León). We present data on the species autoecology and discuss morphological differences with previous findings from surrounding areas.

scholarly journals Evaluation of growth and flowering of historical cultivars of Rosa gallica L. growing in the National Collection of Rose Cultivars in the Polish Academy Of Science Botanical Garden in Powsin

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-52
Author(s):  
Marta J. Monder
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Development ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Rosa Gallica ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Bud Breaking

<em>Rosa gallica</em> is a native species under strict protection and its cultivars are practically unknown in Poland. The aim of the observations was to evaluate the possibilities of growing the studied cultivars in the climate of Central Poland. In the years 2000–2012, observations were conducted of shrubs derived from the French rose (<em>R. gallica</em> L.) gathered in the Collection of Rose Cultivars of the PAS Botanical Garden CBDC in Powsin, Poland. 13 cultivars were studied: ‘Ambroise Paré’, ‘Belle Herminie’, ‘Camaïeux’, ‘Cardinal de Richelieu’, ‘Charles de Mills’, ‘Complicata’, ‘Duchesse d’Angoulême’, ‘Duchesse de Montebello’, ‘Officinalis’, ‘Splendens’, ‘Tuscany Superb’, ‘Versicolor’, and ‘Violacea’. Every year, frost damage to shrubs, the date of bud breaking and leaf development as well as the dates of initial, full and final flowering were recorded and the presence of symptoms of damage from diseases was observed. During the observation years, periods of weather conditions unfavorable for roses often occurred, both in autumn-winter-spring and in summer. Only small differences were observed in winter hardiness, development during the growing season, and blooming period. The majority of the studied rose cultivars overwinter without frost damage, even through severe winters. The shrubs begin their growth late, usually until the second half of April. Gallicas start flowering early, in the third decade of May – first decade of June. Most Gallicas should find a wider application as shrubs or hedges for parks, green areas in cities, historical places, or home gardens. They are recommendable for their high resistance to frost and diseases as well as for their small size.

How to Define the Czechoslovak Underground

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
Barbara Bothová
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
The State ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The West ◽  
State Security ◽  
The Third ◽  
Key Events

What is an underground? Is it possible to embed this particular way of life into any definition? After all, even underground did not have the need to define itself at the beginning. The presented text represents a brief reflection of the development of underground in Czechoslovakia; attention is paid to the impulses from the West, which had a significant influence on the underground. The text focuses on the key events that influenced the underground. For example, the “Hairies (Vlasatci)” Action, which took place in 1966, and the State Security activity in Rudolfov in 1974. The event in Rudolfov was an imaginary landmark and led to the writing of a manifesto that came into history as the “Report on the Third Czech Musical Revival.”

Law and Economics

2020 ◽  
pp. 84-102
Author(s):  
Daniel B. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Law And Economics ◽  
Private Law ◽  
Foreseeable Future ◽  
Business Associations ◽  
The Third ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Impact

This chapter analyzes how law and economics influences private law and how (new) private law is influencing law and economics. It focuses on three generation or “waves” within law and economics and how they approach private law. In the first generation, many scholars took the law as a starting point and attempted to use economic insights to explain, justify, or reform legal doctrines, institutions, and structures. In the second generation, the “law” at times became secondary, with more focus on theory and less focus on doctrines, institutions, and structures. But this generation also relied increasingly on empirical analysis. In the third generation, which includes scholars in the New Private Law (NPL), there has been a resurgence of interest in the law and legal institutions. To be sure, NPL scholars analyze the law using various approaches, with some more and some less predisposed to economic analysis. However, economic analysis will continue to be a major force on private law, including the New Private Law, for the foreseeable future. The chapter considers three foundational private law areas: property, contracts, and torts. For each area, it discusses the major ideas that economic analysis has contributed to private law, and surveys contributions of the NPL. The chapter also looks at the impact of law and economics on advanced private law areas, such as business associations, trusts and estates, and intellectual property.

Early Permian fossil vertebrate footprints and their stratigraphic setting in megacyclic sequence II red beds, Prim Point, Prince Edward Island

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 591-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Mossman ◽  
Craig H. Place
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
Red Beds ◽  
Sparse Vegetation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fossil Vertebrate ◽  
Crevasse Splay ◽  
First Time

Vertebrate trace fossils are reported for the first time from red beds near the top of megacyclic sequence II at Prim Point in southwestern Prince Edward Island. They occur as casts of tetrapod trackways. The ichnocoenose also includes a rich invertebrate ichnofauna. The trackmakers thrived in an area of sparse vegetation and occupied out-of-channel river sediments, most likely crevasse-splay deposits.Amphisauropus latus, represented by three trackways, has been previously reported from Germany, Poland, and Czechoslovakia. It is here interpreted as the track of a cotylosaur. It occurs together with the track of Gilmoreichnus kablikae, which is either a captorhinomorph or possibly a juvenile pelycosaur. These facilitate the assignment of a late Early Permian (late Autunian) age to the strata. The third set of footprints, those of a small herbivorous pelycosaur, compare most closely with Ichniotherium willsi, known hitherto from the Keele beds (latest Stephanian) of the English Midlands.This ichnocoenose occurs in a plate-tectonically rafted segment of crust stratigraphically equivalent to the same association of ichnofauna in the English Midlands and central Europe. The community occupied piedmont-valley-flat red beds within the molasse facies of Variscan uplands.

The Brown Mite, Bryobia arborea Morgan and Anderson (Acarina: Tetranychidae), on Apple in Nova Scotia.: I. Influence of Intratree Distribution on the Selection of Sampling Units. II. Differences in Habits and Seasonal Trends in Orchards With Bivoltine and Trivoltine Populations. III. Distribution of Diapause Eggs. IV. Hatching of Diapause Eggs

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (12) ◽  
pp. 1303-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Seasonal Trends ◽  
Sample Unit ◽  
The Third ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractIn Nova Scotia one leaf cluster with an adjoining 1 inch of twig taken from the inside of each of 10 apple trees replicated four times is an adequate sample unit to measure the density of the brown mite.The brown mite has one generation with a partial second in some orchards and one with a partial second and partial third in others. The first generation adults in the bivoltine and trivoltine populations lay summer eggs on the leaves and twigs, and diapause eggs on tin twigs. The second generation adults in the bivoltine populations lay only diapause eggs; in the trivoltine populations they lay both summer and diapause eggs. The adults of the third generation lay only diapause eggs.The brown mite is found on both the leaves and woody parts of the tree. In orchards with bivoltine populations the proportion of mites on leaves reached a peak of 80% by mid-July, but thereafter gradually decreased to 10% by the end of August. However, in orchards with trivoltine populations the proportion of mites on leaves reached a peak of 80 to 90% by mid-July, remained constant until mid-August, and thereafter decreased to approximately 40% by the end of August.The number of diapause eggs laid by adults of each generation in both the bivoltine and trivoltine populations varies widely. The eggs are deposited on the trunk as well as on the branches, with the heaviest deposition in the central area of the tree. The diapause eggs laid by adults of the first generation are the last to hatch and those laid by the third generation are the first to hatch the following spring.The factors responsible for the differences in the number of generations and in the number of diapause eggs laid are unknown.

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