scholarly journals Evidence of osteomyelitis in Cuban aborigines

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 01-03
Author(s):  
Claribel Pazos
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Osteomyelitis ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Triangular Shape ◽  
Bone Infections ◽  
Diaphyseal Bone ◽  
Elementary Knowledge ◽  
Cortical Irregularity ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Aboriginal Groups

Paleopathology is the branch of science that is responsible for the study of diseases suffered by our ancestors, in Cuba some studies have been carried out on pathologies suffered by the aborigines. The objective is to present a specimen of human diaphyseal bone found in the funerary site of the "Cueva de los Chivos" in the Sumidero de Jibacoa Valley, Guamuhaya mountain massif, municipality of Manicaragua, Villa Clara province, Cuba in excavations carried out between the years 2000 and 2002 by the archeology group of the Center for Environmental Studies and Services of CITMA in Villa Clara. Presentation: It is a tibia fragment due to its thickness and triangular shape with periosteal thickening, cortical irregularity and a large number of crypts, whose radiography shows the presence of bone sequestration with the corresponding involvement and signs of periostitis. The skeletal remains found show evidence of having suffered from chronic osteomyelitis. Based on the archaeological materials found at the funerary site, it was determined that these belonged to pre-agricultural pottery groups that populated the island between 2000 and 6000 years ago. Conclusions: The Cuban aboriginal groups had elementary knowledge of orthopedic conditions such as bone infections and their treatment in all probability, evidenced by the chronicity of osteomyelitis presented in this specimen which survived for a period of time.

scholarly journals Lactic Acid Polymers as Biodegradable Carriers of Fluoroquinolones: An In Vitro Study

1999 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 714-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyriaki Kanellakopoulou ◽  
Maria Kolia ◽  
Antonios Anastassiadis ◽  
Themistoklis Korakis ◽  
Evangelos J. Giamarellos-Bourboulis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Biodegradable Polymer ◽  
Chronic Osteomyelitis ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Bone Infections

ABSTRACT A biodegradable polymer of dl-dilactide that facilitates release of ciprofloxacin or pefloxacin at levels exceeding MICs for the causative microorganisms of chronic osteomyelitis is described. Duration and peak of release were found to depend on the molecular weight of the polymer. Its characteristics make it promising for treating chronic bone infections.

Characterizing Elite Midden Deposits at Moundville

2004 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vernon James Knight
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Human Skeletal Remains ◽  
Insufficient Attention ◽  
Middle Range ◽  
Show Evidence

Insufficient attention has been paid to differences among elite archaeological contexts in middle-range or chiefdom societies. At Moundville, a major Mississippian center in Alabama, midden and feature-fill deposits attributed to elite behavior have been excavated in several areas. Deposits on Mounds Q and G dating to the Moundville II and III phases (ca. A.D. 1260–1450) are similar in that they incorporate abundant domestic debris associated with structures on mound summits. On both mounds, food remains show evidence of provisioning and the consumption of small-scale meals rather than feasting. However, the two contexts differ in the occurrence of evidence for skilled crafting and the display of human skeletal remains. At Mound Q, skilled crafting is abundantly attested, employing local and nonlocal raw materials. Display goods were routinely handled, and pigment processing and use were important. Burials were rarely made, but fragmentary human bone is scattered throughout, emphasizing portions of the skeleton consistent with display. In contrast, elite contexts on Mound G show little or no evidence of crafting, pigment use, and bone handling.

scholarly journals Nuevos registros de tapir centroamericano Tapirus bairdii en el distrito de Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, México

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivett Peña Azcona ◽  
Rosa Maria Gómez Ugalde ◽  
Miguel Briones-Salas
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Central American ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Communal Lands

We show evidence of the presence of the Central American tapir in the communal lands of the natural conservation area called Cerro de las Flores, in the District of Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, Mexico. Skull and skeletal remains (limbs bones) were found in September 2008, faeces and footprints were observed from December 2008 to February 2009. This work extends the distribution of this species 93 km west of the recent record.

scholarly journals Paleopathological peculiarities of the Lower Volga Sauromates

2020 ◽  
pp. 171-183
Author(s):  
Evgenii Vladimirovich Pererva
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

This article discusses the paleopathological peculiarities of nomadic population of Sauromates, which originated from the kurgan burials of the Lower Volga region. The skeletal remains of 20 individuals were examined. In the process of work with anthropological material, was applied a standard program for assessing the instance of pathological conditions on skeleton developed by A. P. Buzhilova (1995, 1998). The national scholars of Soviet and post-Soviet period (B. N. Grakov, K. F. Smirnov, D. A. Machinsky, V. E. Maksimenko, M. G. Moshkova) dealt with the problems of genesis, periodization and evolution of the culture of the Lower Volga Sauromates. The history of anthropological examination of the nomads of the Lower Volga region of the VI – V centuries BC is scarce. This research is the first attempt for analyzing the pathological conditions on skeletal remains of the Lower Volga Sauromates. Paleopathological studies of skeletal remains of the nomads of the VI – V centuries BC from the territory of Lower Volga have not been conducted prior to that. Paleoanthropological materials are introduced into the scientific discourse for the first time. Some sculls of Sauromatian period have traces of unnatural deformation. The revealed pathologies on the anthropological materials of population of the VI – IV centuries BC from the territory of Lower Volga allow including it into the group of nomadic cultures of the Early Iron Age. The anthropological materials of the VI – IV centuries BC show evidence of using the skills of primitive medicine, as well as the knowledge of military field surgery.

Histopathologic Characteristics of Bone Infection Complicating Foot Ulcers in Diabetic Patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almudena Cecilia-Matilla ◽  
José Luis Lázaro-Martínez ◽  
Javier Aragón-Sánchez ◽  
Esther García-Morales ◽  
Yolanda García-Álvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Osteomyelitis ◽  
Bone Infection ◽  
Foot Ulcers ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Acute Osteomyelitis ◽  
Bone Infections ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Stage Analysis ◽  
Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis

Background: A universally accepted histopathologic classification of diabetic foot osteomyelitis does not currently exist. We sought to evaluate the histopathologic characteristics of bone infection found in the feet of diabetic patients and to analyze the clinical variables related to each type of bone infection. Methods: We conducted an observational prospective study of 165 diabetic patients with foot ulcers who underwent surgery for bone infection. Samples for microbiological and histopathologic analyses were collected in the operating room under sterile conditions. Results: We found four histopathologic types of osteomyelitis: acute osteomyelitis (n = 46; 27.9%), chronic osteomyelitis (n = 73; 44.2%), chronic acute osteomyelitis (n = 14; 8.5%), and fibrosis (n =32; 19.4%). The mean ± SD time between the initial detection of ulcer and surgery was 15.4 ± 23 weeks for acute osteomyelitis, 28.6 ± 22.4 weeks for chronic osteomyelitis, 35 ± 31.3 weeks for chronic acute osteomyelitis, and 27.5 ± 27.3 weeks for the fibrosis stage (analysis of variance: P = .03). Bacteria were isolated and identified in 40 of 46 patients (87.0%) with acute osteomyelitis, 61 of 73 (83.5%) with chronic osteomyelitis, 11 of 14 (78.6%) with chronic acute osteomyelitis, and 25 of 32 (78.1%) with fibrosis. Conclusions: Histopathologic categorization of bone infections in the feet of diabetic patients should include four groups: acute, chronic, chronic acute, and fibrosis. We suggest that new studies should identify cases of fibrosis to allow comparison with the present results. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 103(1): 24–31, 2013)

The Cellular Origin in Atheromatous Lesion

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 202-203
Author(s):  
T. M. Murad ◽  
H. A. I. Newman ◽  
K. F. Kern
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Rabbit Aorta ◽  
Mixed Population ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cellular Origin ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesions ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Early Lesion

The origin of lipid containing cells in atheromatous lesion has been disputed. Geer in his study on atheromatous lesions of rabbit aorta, suggested that the early lesion is composed mainly of lipid-laden macrophages and the later lesion has a mixed population of macrophages and smooth muscle cells. Parker on the other hand, was able to show evidence that the rabbit lesion is primarily composed of lipid-laden cells of smooth muscle origin. The above studies and many others were done on an intact lesion without any attempt of cellular isolation previous to their ultrastructural studies. Cell isolation procedures have been established for atherosclerotic lesions through collagenase and elastase digestion Therefore this procedure can be utilized to identify the cells involved in rabbit atheroma.

Diagnosis of chronic osteomyelitis by combined 99mTc-bone and 99mTc-anti-granulocyte scintigraphy

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (06) ◽  
pp. N60-N61
Author(s):  
Anne Frölich ◽  
Gotthard Knoll ◽  
Manfred Bähre ◽  
Christoph Neumann
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Osteomyelitis ◽  
Granulocyte Scintigraphy

The Stability of the WHO Reference Thromboplastin NIBS & C 67/40

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (04) ◽  
pp. 1135-1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
G I C Ingram
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Calibration Constant ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Human Material ◽  
Reference Preparation ◽  
The Stability

SummaryThe International Reference Preparation of human brain thromboplastin coded 67/40 has been thought to show evidence of instability. The evidence is discussed and is not thought to be strong; but it is suggested that it would be wise to replace 67/40 with a new preparation of human brain, both for this reason and because 67/40 is in a form (like Thrombotest) in which few workers seem to use human brain. A �plain� preparation would be more appropriate; and a freeze-dried sample of BCT is recommended as the successor preparation. The opportunity should be taken also to replace the corresponding ox and rabbit preparations. In the collaborative study which would be required it would then be desirable to test in parallel the three old and the three new preparations. The relative sensitivities of the old preparations could be compared with those found in earlier studies to obtain further evidence on the stability of 67/40; if stability were confirmed, the new preparations should be calibrated against it, but if not, the new human material should receive a calibration constant of 1.0 and the new ox and rabbit materials calibrated against that.The types of evidence available for monitoring the long-term stability of a thromboplastin are discussed.

Roshdi Rashed

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 279-295
Author(s):  
Mohammed Aref
Keyword(s):  
Review Essay ◽  
Great Book ◽  
Mathematical Language ◽  
Single Word ◽  
Major Work ◽  
Galileo Galilei ◽  
Elementary Knowledge ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Universe

This review essay introduces the work of the Egyptian scientific historian and philosopher Roshdi Rashed, a pioneer in the field of the history of Arab sciences. The article is based on the five volumes he originally wrote in French and later translated into Arabic, which were published by the Centre for Arab Unity Studies and which are now widely acclaimed as a unique effort to unveil the achievements of Arab scientists. The essay reviews this major work, which seems, like Plato’s Republic to have “No Entry for Those Who Have No Knowledge of Mathematics” written on its gate. If you force your way in, even with elementary knowledge of computation, a philosophy will unfold before your eyes, described by the Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei as “written in that great book which ever lies before our eyes—I mean the universe—but we cannot understand it if we do not first learn the language and grasp the symbols, in which it is written. This book is written in the mathematical language, and the symbols are triangles, circles and other geometrical figures, without whose help it is impossible to comprehend a single word of it; without which one wanders in vain through a dark labyrinth.” The essay is a journey through this labyrinth where the history of world mathematics got lost and was chronicled by Rashed in five volumes translated from the French into Arabic. It took him fifteen years to complete.

HEMMUNG VON TESTOSTERONABHÄNGIGEN DIFFERENZIERUNGSVORGÄNGEN DER MÄNNLICHEN RATTE NACH DER GEBURT

1967 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Neumann ◽  
J. D. Hahn ◽  
M. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Cyproterone Acetate ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Sexual Attitude ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
List Type ◽  
Newborn Rats ◽  
Neonatal Treatment ◽  
Triangular Shape

ABSTRACT Male newborn rats were injected with 2 mg of an antiandrogen (1,2α-methylene-6-chloro-pregna-4,6-dien-17α-ol-3,20-dione-17α-acetate = cyproterone acetate) daily from their 1st to their 14th day of life. The following effects of this treatment were observed in these animals after onset of sexual maturity: 84% of the animals are unable to reproduce. Penis: the frenulum is broadened to a lamina of triangular shape, which almost completely prevents the preputium from being pushed back. These males show a rather insufficient male sexual behaviour towards females in oestrus. After castration and ovar implantation, some of the treated animals show true corpora lutea and at attempts of cohabitation partially female sexual behaviour towards normal male animals. From these results it can be concluded, that differentiation of the penis is not completed at the time of birth. The infertility of the animals may be caused by the penile changes (difficulties with intromission) as well as by the aimless sexual behaviour. This aimless sexual behaviour, the ability to produce true corpora lutea and finally their partially female sexual attitude under the influence of the hormones from the implanted ovaries led to the conclusion, that the above described neonatal treatment apparently inhibited testosterone-depending post partum developments of sexual differentiation in hypothalamic centers.

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