scholarly journals DISTRIBUTION OF MYCELIAL FUNGI IN WATER BODIES OF THE VOLGA REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 245 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-159
Author(s):  
R.M. Potekhina ◽  
◽  
Yu.V. Larina ◽  
I.M. Fitsev ◽  
V.I. Makaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Maximum Permissible Concentration ◽  
Water Hardness ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Mycelial Fungi ◽  
Maximum Water ◽  
The Republic

Mycological analysis of water samples from the rivers of the Volga region showed that, in water samples taken from rivers in the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan, fungi of the genus As-pergillus were isolated in 15 % of samples, Cladosporium – 25 %, Fusarium – 21 %, Penicillium – 13 %, Mucor – 2 %, Rodotorula – 24 %. Fungi of the genus Aspergillus – 23 %, Cladosporium – 31 %, Fusarium – 25 %, Penicillium – 18 %, Trichoderma – 14 %, Mucor – 12 % samples were sown in water samples taken from the water bodies of the Republic of Mari-El. In the Republic of Chu-vashia, fungi of the genus Aspergillus – 23 %, Cladosporium – 17 %, Fusarium – 20 %, Penicillium – 22 %, Mucor – 8 % of water samples were isolated. Thus, an increased ammonium content was observed in water samples from the Mesha rivers – 2,08±0,42 mg/dm3, the Volga – 1,04±0,21 mg/dm3, and the Komarovo reservoir – 1,98±0,40 mg/dm3, with the value of the maximum permis-sible concentration for fishery purposes – 0,51 mg/dm3. An increased amount of sulfates in the summer season was observed in the Republic of Tatarstan in water samples from Lake Kaban – 140,0±15 with the value of the maximum permissible concentration for fishery purposes – 100 mg/dm3, in the same samples, the maximum water hardness was recorded – 10,6±1,59 0J.

Anthropogenic рollution of the coastal zone and hydrochemical analysis of the waters of Lake Baikal within the borders of the Republic of Buryatia

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-26
Author(s):  
Gulnara Akhmetovna Kotomina ◽  
Elena Vital’evna Pishchenko ◽  
Vladislav Andreevich Shatalin
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Water Hardness ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Chlorine Ions ◽  
The Republic

Anthropogenic impact on Lake Baikal is currently a big problem for the world community as a whole. Its solution depends on a number of factors, the main of which is the assessment of the level of impact and its maximum reduction. According to various researchers, a gradual accumulation of a number of chemical elements occurs in the waters of Lake Baikal, which leads to a change in the ecosystem as a whole. The purpose of this work was to assess the state of the coastal zone and to assess the hydrochemical regime of the coastal zone of the northeastern coast of Lake Baikal. According to the results of the observations, the coastal zone of Maximikha and Oymur villages is the most polluted, where a large amount of rotting algae was observed, as well as anthropogenic pollution. The least polluted is the coastline about c. Ust-Barguzin. According to the results of the study of physical indicators of Lake Baikal water, the achievement of the upper limit of the MPC in terms of color in the water samples of the Dulan ulus in the summer of 2020 and in the spring of 2021, as well as in the spring in the water samples of the village of Sukhaya was found. In addition, the turbidity index of the water near the Dulan ulus in the spring period was 2 EMF, which is also on the border of the norm. According to the results of the study of chemical parameters of water, the pH at most points is slightly alkaline, the water hardness at all stations did not exceed 3°. The total alkalinity of water at all stations ranged from 92.8 to 23.2 mg-eq/dm³. The ion content of various substances does not exceed the values established by other authors for oz. Baikal is: dissolved oxygen (O₂) — from 6 to 12 mg/dm³, chlorine ions (CL⁻) — from 0.1 to 0.5 mg/dm³. The value of permanganate oxidizability is 2 mg/dm³.

SITE-SPECIFIC EQUATIONS OF STATE FOR COASTAL SEA AREAS AND INLAND WATER BODIES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Andrulionis ◽  
Natalia Andrulionis ◽  
Ivan Zavialov ◽  
Ivan Zavialov ◽  
Elena Kovaleva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Equation Of State ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Equations Of State ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Ionic Composition ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Coastal Sea

This article presents a new method of laboratory density determination and construction equations of state for marine waters with various ionic compositions and salinities was developed. The validation of the method was performed using the Ocean Standard Seawater and the UNESCO thermodynamic equation of state (EOS-80). Density measurements of water samples from the Aral Sea, the Black Sea and the Issyk-Kul Lake were performed using a high-precision laboratory density meter. The obtained results were compared with the density values calculated for the considered water samples by the EOS-80 equation. It was shown that difference in ionic composition between Standard Seawater and the considered water bodies results in significant inaccuracies in determination of water density using the EOS-80 equation. Basing on the laboratory measurements of density under various salinity and temperature values we constructed a new equation of state for the Aral Sea and the Black Sea water samples and estimated errors for their coefficients.

Ecological and hygienic assessment pollution of surface and groundwater in Transural Region Republic of Bashkortostan

2017 ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Z.B. Baktybaeva ◽  
R.A. Suleymanov ◽  
T.K. Valeev ◽  
N.R. Rakhmatullin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Drinking Water Contamination ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Surface And Groundwater

Carried out ecological and hygienic assessment of pollution of surface and groundwater of mining areas in the Republic of Bashkortostan. Revealed exceeding standards for fishery water bodies and drinking and cultural and community water use, which indicates the potential danger of surface water for the health of the region's population. The greatest relative contribution to the overall pollution of surface water bodies are making manganese (33,0–66,6 %), iron (9,1–15,6 %), calcium (6,5–11,7 %), lead (5,8– 7,2 %). The quality of water used for drinking purposes from decentralized water sources (boreholes, wells, springs), do not always correspond to the hygienic and sanitary-epidemiological requirements. In this case, the highest priority performance of drinking water contamination are increased stiffness, high content of iron, calcium, nitrate, presence cadmium, and hexavalent chromium.

scholarly journals Ground-Water Quality in Islamkot and Mithi Talukas of District Tharparkar, Sindh, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-150
Author(s):  
Jhaman Das Suthar ◽  
Inayatullah Rajper ◽  
Zia-ul- Hassan ◽  
Nizamuddin Depar ◽  
Velo Suthar
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Ground Water Quality ◽  
Desert Region ◽  
Remote Areas

Surface water supplies are gradually becoming short in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Thus, assessment of groundwater quality for crop use appears to be very essential for management and utilization of precious natural water resources. This study reports the water quality of 52 hand pumps and one tubewell located in the most remote areas of desert region, viz. Islamkot and Mithi talukas of district Tharparkar. The water samples were collected during April 2016 (just before the start of rainy season). The water samples were analyzed for EC (Electrical Conductivity), pH, CO32-, HCO3-, Cl-, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Na+ concentration. The SAR (Sodium Adsorption Ratio) and RSC (Residual Sodium Carbonates) were estimated using their respective formula. The categorization of water samples based on their soluble salt content clearly revealed that the water bodies of majority (65%) of areas were hazardous, while 25% areas were marginal. Thus, only 11% water samples of the area under study had useable irrigation water. Because of SAR and RSC the majority (89 and 77%, respectively) of water samples were found to be free from the sodicity hazard. The study concluded that salinity, and not sodicity was the major threat to the area under irrigation with these water bodies. It is, therefore, suggested that the salinity tolerant crops and their genotypes may be used in this area to sustain crop production.

scholarly journals HYDROCHEMISTRY OF THE PYANJ TRANSBOUNDARY RIVER UPSTREAM, MIDDLE AND DOWNSTREAM AND THE CRITERION ITS USE FOR IRRIGATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 445 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-120
Author(s):  
I. Sh. Normatov ◽  
V.V. Goncharuk ◽  
N.A. Amirgaliev ◽  
A.S. Madibekov ◽  
A.I. Normatov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Alkali Metals ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Maximum Permissible Concentration ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Transboundary River ◽  
Formation Zone

The water quality of the transboundary Pyanj River in the formation zone and along the riverbed before merging with another tributary of the transboundary Amu Darya River-the Vakhsh River was studied. The water quality on the upstream river corresponds to the very soft class (> 1.5 mmol/dm3) and in the middle and the downstream to the soft class (1.5-3.0 mmol/dm3). At the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Pyanj river the concentration of alkaline earth exceeds alkali metals (Ca2+ + Mg2+> Na+ + K+) at HCO3- > SO42- + Cl- and according to the Handa classification they are characterized by temporary rigidity. To assess the criterion of applicability of the Pyanj river water for irrigation the coefficient of sodium adsorption (SAC) was calculated for water samples from the upstream (Khorog), middle (Darvaz) and the downstream (Lower Pyanj) of the Pyanj river that were equal to 0.88; 1.07; 1.71, respectively. The SAC values for all water samples (from the upper, middle and lower reaches) of the Pyanj river indicate their good qualities for irrigation of agricultural land. The concentration of heavy metals in the Pyanj river is significantly lower than the maximum permissible concentration (MPC).

scholarly journals A Simple Technique for the Identification of Environmental DNA (eDNA ) in the Water Samples

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-80
Author(s):  
Chitra K. Y.
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Dna Isolation ◽  
Simple Technique ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Easy Method ◽  
Selective Staining ◽  
Generation Sequencing ◽  
Dark Pink

The environmental DNA(eDNA) is the DNA that is shed by the organisms in their environment by different ways viz. , mucous, faeces, skin, eggs, sperms and also when these organisms die due to natural death or disease. The eDNA will persist for several days. Identification of eDNA is a useful method of determining the organisms present in an aquatic environment like amphibians, reptiles, fishes , insects and larval forms of some of these organisms. By analysing the e-DNA it is possible to monitor the species distribution in water bodies like lakes and ponds simply by collecting a sample of water. The technique can be applied for the survey of the water bodies on a large scale for the genomic, taxonomic as well as pollutional studies. The DNA isolation procedures that are available are laborious and time consuming. Therefore, during the present study, a simplified method was devised i. e. , isolation of eDNA with ethanol after which Feulgen stain was applied to identify and confirm it, as it is an easy method before proceeding to work with the isolated eDNA using other techniqnies for further studies. The Feulgen method is used for the selective staining and the localisation of the DNA in the tissues but is adopted during the present study for the water samples for quick identification of eDNA. The smear of eDNA stained with Feulgen showed dark pink or magenta colour under the microscope where it was concentrated but stained lightly when dispersed and fragmented as observed in the present study. Further studies of the isolated eDNA are in progress in our laboratory for quantifying and sequencing eDNA using latest techniques like next generation sequencing for the identification of fish species in the lakes.

scholarly journals Water Bodies Restoration: Examples of the Western Caucasus Basin District Small Rivers

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Water Bodies ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Western Caucasus ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
The Western Caucasus ◽  
The Republic

The paper has been prepared on the basis of the review of water bodies management and restoration methods used in Western Caucasus Basin District. According to the monitoring data, status of many water bodies is unsatisfactory due to their pollution and clogging. Clearing of small rivers in terms of silting and overgrowing in combination with other water/protective measures is the main kind of restoration activities. Restoration works at the Nazranka River in the Republic of Ingushetia and the Elistinka River in the Republic of Kalmikia are given as the relevant examples.

scholarly journals CREATING ELECTRONIC RESOURCE ETHNO-LINGUISTIC MATERIALS OF THE TATAR LANGUAGE

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farid I. Salimov ◽  
Rustem F. Salimov
Keyword(s):  
Volga Region ◽  
The Urals ◽  
Electronic Resource ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Electronic Atlas ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
Electronic Dictionary ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Language Literature

We analyze the steps of electronic dictionary creation, built on the basis of ethnolinguistic expeditions of the Institute of Language, Literature and Art Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan. Materials were collecting in respect of ethno-cultural archaic dialect zones of Siberia, the Urals region, the Middle and Lower Volga region, densely inhabited by Tatar population. It contains the terminology (ethno-linguistic) dictionary with large amounts of live examples of the Tatar speech, collected in the expeditions. In addition, the created dictionary is associated with the electronic atlas maps of the Tatar folk dialects

scholarly journals Ecological Quality of Natural Waters from of Kharkiv Urban Springs

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Electrical Potential ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Water Hardness ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
Rigidity Index ◽  
The City

Purpose. Estimation of ecological safety of spring waters of the city of Kharkiv. Methods. Field research, atomic absorption spectrophotometry, analytical methods for studying water quality indicators. Results. Natural water samples were analyzed on the following parameters: pH, electrical potential, nitrate content, chlorides, ammonia, transparency, turbidity, and water hardness. The highest values of the content of nitrates, nitrites, as well as the level of alkalinity and rigidity were found in a sample from the Kholodnogorsk spring. In the water from the Zhukovsky spring the high content of chlorides is found, which is one and a half times higher than the concentration in water from other city springs. In the water from the Glyboky Yar spring the lowest mineralization of water was detected, and in the water from the Sarzhin Yar spring - the highest of the studied samples of water from the natural springs of Kharkiv. However, all identified pollutant concentrations except for the rigidity index is not dangerous for a person, because they are not exceeded by the MAC. The results of research on water samples from the Sarzhin Yar spring and from the spring in Yunost park (Kholodnogorsk source) in 2019, compared to the results of a similar study conducted in 2015. It was determined that in the water from the Sarzhin Yar spring the rigidity index increased 3.4 times, and in the sample from the spring in Yunost park (Kholodnogorsk spring) almost 6 times. Conclusions. It is determined that in the territory of the city of Kharkiv, water from the Zhukovskii spring in the Kyivskiy district is fully suitable for consumption, because its chemical composition is fully in line with the sanitary norms that apply to drinking spring waters. The value of the level of hardness of water in all samples, except Zhukovsky spring, indicate that the normative value exceeds 2-3 times. The rigidity of drinking water that exceeds the MAC may adversely affect human health. Therefore, the only ecologically safe, among the investigated, can be considered water from the Zhukovsky spring (Kievskiy district in Kharkiv). For other sources, it is recommended to modernize the water collection sites for the population, reconstruct the system of water supply for the supply of water from these sources, as well as to introduce additional stages of their treatment on the way to the consumer.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Study of Keratinophilic Fungi in Baghdad Swimming Pools

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1122-1129
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Keratinophilic Fungi ◽  
Swimming Pool ◽  
Swimming Pools ◽  
Isolation Period

The present study was included the isolation of Keratinophilic fungi from water samples taken from 19 indoor public swimming pools in Baghdad during four season (summer ,fall ,spring ,and winter). Isolation period was September 2011and September 2012 . Samples were collected from different places in swimming pool . Sixteen keratinophilic fungal species, belonging to twenty –one genera were isolated using Surface Dilution Plating (SDP) and Hair Bait Technique (HBT) . Aspergillus genus was the most frequent and occurrence (19.84%), followed by Trichophyton (11.60%) and Fusarium (7.59% ) . The most common fungal infection occurred in summer season (42.16%) , and the most frequent month manifestation of species occurred in August (17%) .

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